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Abstract
This research comprises of two problem formulations: first, why does the Constitutional Court (MK) in six of its decisions asserts that the articles being tested are open legal policies? Second, what are the implications of the open legal policy in terms of the Constitutional Court decisions in the three legislations on politics? This is a juridical normative research with statutory and conceptual approach to regulations. The results of the research are: first, in two of the six decisions of the Constitutional Court, the basis of the consideration of the Constitutional Court is legal norms that are not regulated in details in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD NRI 1945), it can be deemed as open legal policy. Meanwhile, in the other four decisions of the Constitutional Court, open legal policy was not discussed explicitly but, in conclusion, the basis for asserting the articles reviewed were open legal policy because they were not regulated in details in the 1945 Constitution. Second, the implication of open legal policy of the Constitutional Court decisions in the three legislations on politics are: (1) reduced balance in the state structure, (2) lost opportunities to obtain justice in the social order. Suggestions given are that legislations on politics are easier to be incepted with group interests and pragmatic objectives, hence in examining legislations on politics that have open legal policy, the Constitutional Court must be more careful and courageous because it does not mean that the Constitutional Court cannot review it.
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References
- Buku
- Huda, Ni’matul, Negara Hukum, Demokrasi dan Judicial Review, UII Press, Yogyakarta, 2005.
- _______, dan Nazriyah, R, Teori & Pengujian Peraturan Perundang-undangan, Media, Bandung, 2011.
- Mahfud MD, Moh., Membangun Politik Hukum Meneggakkan Konstitusi, Pustaka LP3ES, Jakarta.
- Mahfud MD, Moh., Karakter Produk Hukum Zaman Kolonial studi tentang politik dan karakter produk hukum pada zaman penjajahan di indonesia, UII Press, Yogyakarta, 1999.
- Mardian Wibowo, Kebijakan Hukum Terbuka Dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi konsep dan kajian dalam pembatasan kebebasan pembentuk undang-undang, Rajawali Pers, Jakarta, 2019
- Soekanto, Soerjono, Pengantar Penelitian Hukum, Cetakan ketiga, UI Press, Jakarta.
- Siahaan, Maruarar, Hukum Acara Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta, 2012.
- Soimin dan Mashuriyanto, Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia, UII Press, Yogyakarta, 2013.
- Wibowo, Mardian, Kebijakan Hukum Terbuka Dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi konsep dan kajian dalam pembatasan kebebasan pembentuk undang-undang, Rajawali Pers, Jakarta, 2019.
- Jurnal
- Iwan Satriawan dan Tanto Lailam, “Open Legal Policy dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Pembentukan Undang-Undang”, Jurnal Konstitusi, Volume 16, Nomor 3, September, 2019.
- Mardian Wibowo, “Menakar Konstitusionalitas sebuah Kebijakan Hukum Terbuka dalamPengujian Undang-Undang”, Jurnal Konstitusi, Vol. 12 No. 2, Juni 2015.
- Muhammad Addi Fauzani dan Fandi Nur Rohman, Urgensi Rekonstruksi Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Memberikan Pertimbangan Kebijakan Hukum Terbuka (Open Legal Policy), Jurnal Hukum, Volume 35, Nomor 2, Desember, 2019.
- Radita Ajie, “Batasan Pilihan Pembentuk Undang-Undang (Open Legal Policy) dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan Berdasarkan Tafsir Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (Limit To Open Legal Policy In Legislation Making Based On Constitusional Court Decision)”, Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, Vol. 13 No. 02, Juni, 2016.
- Internet
- “Konsep Open Legal Policy Perlu Dikoreksi”, http://www.mahkamahkonstitusi. go.id/index.php?page=web.Berita&id=11867#.WWUEYIjyg2w,diakses pada tanggal 12 Juli 2017.
- “Arti istilah konvensi rekonvensi dan provisi” https://www.hukumonline.com/ klinik/detail/ulasan/lt5110864b5855f/arti-istilah-konvensi--rekonvensi--eksepsi--an-rovisi/ diakses 13 Juli 2020.
- Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
- Undang Undang Dasar 1945
- Putusan Pengadilan
- Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 76/PUU-XII/2014.
- Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 79/PUU-XII/2014.
- Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 78/PUU-XIII/2015.
- Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 101/PUU-XIII/2015.
- Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 35/PUU-XIV/2016.
- Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 102/PUU-XIV/2016.
References
Buku
Huda, Ni’matul, Negara Hukum, Demokrasi dan Judicial Review, UII Press, Yogyakarta, 2005.
_______, dan Nazriyah, R, Teori & Pengujian Peraturan Perundang-undangan, Media, Bandung, 2011.
Mahfud MD, Moh., Membangun Politik Hukum Meneggakkan Konstitusi, Pustaka LP3ES, Jakarta.
Mahfud MD, Moh., Karakter Produk Hukum Zaman Kolonial studi tentang politik dan karakter produk hukum pada zaman penjajahan di indonesia, UII Press, Yogyakarta, 1999.
Mardian Wibowo, Kebijakan Hukum Terbuka Dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi konsep dan kajian dalam pembatasan kebebasan pembentuk undang-undang, Rajawali Pers, Jakarta, 2019
Soekanto, Soerjono, Pengantar Penelitian Hukum, Cetakan ketiga, UI Press, Jakarta.
Siahaan, Maruarar, Hukum Acara Mahkamah Konstitusi Republik Indonesia, Sinar Grafika, Jakarta, 2012.
Soimin dan Mashuriyanto, Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia, UII Press, Yogyakarta, 2013.
Wibowo, Mardian, Kebijakan Hukum Terbuka Dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi konsep dan kajian dalam pembatasan kebebasan pembentuk undang-undang, Rajawali Pers, Jakarta, 2019.
Jurnal
Iwan Satriawan dan Tanto Lailam, “Open Legal Policy dalam Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi dan Pembentukan Undang-Undang”, Jurnal Konstitusi, Volume 16, Nomor 3, September, 2019.
Mardian Wibowo, “Menakar Konstitusionalitas sebuah Kebijakan Hukum Terbuka dalamPengujian Undang-Undang”, Jurnal Konstitusi, Vol. 12 No. 2, Juni 2015.
Muhammad Addi Fauzani dan Fandi Nur Rohman, Urgensi Rekonstruksi Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Memberikan Pertimbangan Kebijakan Hukum Terbuka (Open Legal Policy), Jurnal Hukum, Volume 35, Nomor 2, Desember, 2019.
Radita Ajie, “Batasan Pilihan Pembentuk Undang-Undang (Open Legal Policy) dalam Pembentukan Peraturan Perundang-undangan Berdasarkan Tafsir Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi (Limit To Open Legal Policy In Legislation Making Based On Constitusional Court Decision)”, Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, Vol. 13 No. 02, Juni, 2016.
Internet
“Konsep Open Legal Policy Perlu Dikoreksi”, http://www.mahkamahkonstitusi. go.id/index.php?page=web.Berita&id=11867#.WWUEYIjyg2w,diakses pada tanggal 12 Juli 2017.
“Arti istilah konvensi rekonvensi dan provisi” https://www.hukumonline.com/ klinik/detail/ulasan/lt5110864b5855f/arti-istilah-konvensi--rekonvensi--eksepsi--an-rovisi/ diakses 13 Juli 2020.
Peraturan Perundang-Undangan
Undang Undang Dasar 1945
Putusan Pengadilan
Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 76/PUU-XII/2014.
Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 79/PUU-XII/2014.
Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 78/PUU-XIII/2015.
Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 101/PUU-XIII/2015.
Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 35/PUU-XIV/2016.
Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Nomor 102/PUU-XIV/2016.