Main Article Content

Abstract

The spirituality of Catholic teachers is critical, considering that the Indonesian nation is rich in cultural, religious, ethnic, and racial diversity. If not managed, the diversity can lead to problems such as racism, radicalism, and others. This study aims to implement multicultural understanding among Catholic teachers by developing multicultural attitudes. This study uses library research by analyzing previous works on Catholic teachers and multicultural education in Indonesia. The results show that many efforts have been implemented to enhance multicultural education in Indonesia. Furthermore, Catholic teachers are required to be professional in teaching and have a spirituality that was derived from the Catholic faith. This spirituality should always be developed and maintained by realizing Catholic teachers’ status as pastoral agents, educators, apostles, and catechists. The formation of the multicultural character of Catholic teachers starts from inculcating multicultural values and fostering the Catholic faith for prospective Catholic teachers. Prospective Catholic teachers should be prepared to live and become the frontrunner in multicultural education by providing them with proper capacity in interreligious dialogue, comparative philosophy of religion, the study of local wisdom of Pancasila, and contextual theological studies. Prospective Catholic teachers are expected to encourage their future students’ national characters to create an inclusive Indonesian society.

Keywords

Catholic Spirituality Catholic Student Catholic Teacher Multicultural Education Prospective Catholic Teacher

Article Details

How to Cite
Adon, M. J. (2021). Spirituality of Catholic Teachers in Realizing Multicultural Education in Indonesia. Millah: Journal of Religious Studies, 21(1), 275–310. https://doi.org/10.20885/millah.vol21.iss1.art10

References

  1. Amirin, Tatang M. “Implementasi Pendekatan Pendidikan Multikultural Kontekstual Berbasis Kearifan Lokal Di Indonesia [Implementation of a Contextual Multicultural Education Approach Based on Local Wisdom in Indonesia].” Jurnal Pembangunan Pendidikan: Fondasi Dan Aplikasi 1, no. 1 (2012): 1–16. https://doi.org/10.21831/jppfa.v1i1.1047.
  2. Anjaya, Carolina Etnasari, and Yonatan Alex Arifianto. “Awarenesss Triangle: Konsep Pengembangan Pendidikan Kristen bagi Generasi Tekno di Era Virtual.” Jurnal Teologi Gracia Deo 4, no. 1 (2021): 140–53. https://doi.org/10.46929/graciadeo.v4i1.109.
  3. Arif, Muhamad. “Analisis Faktor Integrasi Sosio-Kultural-Historis pada Masyarakat Multikultural [Analysis of Socio-Cultural-Historical Integration Factors in Multicultural Societies].” Sosio-Didaktika: Social Science Education Journal 3, no. 2 (2016): 126–34. https://doi.org/10.15408/sd.v3i2.4374.
  4. Arifianto, Yonatan Alex, and Kalis Stevanus. “Membangun Kerukunan Antarumat Beragama Dan Implikasinya Bagi Misi Kristen [Building Interfaith Harmony and Its Implications for Christian Mission].” Huperetes: Jurnal Teologi Dan Pendidikan Kristen 2, no. 1 (2020): 39–51. https://doi.org/10.46817/huperetes.v2i1.44.
  5. Armbruster, Peter, Maya Patel, Erika Johnson, and Martha Weiss. “Active Learning and Student-Centered Pedagogy Improve Student Attitudes and Performance in Introductory Biology.” CBE—Life Sciences Education 8, no. 3 (2009): 203–13. https://doi.org/10.1187/cbe.09-03-0025.
  6. Badeni, and Sri Saparahayuningsih. “Towards a Model of Attitude and Character Learning through Training Needed by Teachers.” International Journal of Education and Practice 9, no. 3 (2021): 487–96. https://doi.org/10.18488/journal.61.2021.93.487.496.
  7. Bintoro, Ady. “Menggali Motivasi Guru Agama Katolik di Sekolah Tinggi Pastoral Kateketik (Stpk) Santo Benediktus Sorong [Exploring the Motivation of Catholic Religion Teachers at the St. Benedict’s Pastoral College (Stpk) Sorong].” Jurnal Teologi (Journal of Theology) 4, no. 2 (2015): 187–202. https://doi.org/10.24071/jt.v4i2.487.
  8. Blenkinsopp, Joseph. “Jesus the Teacher.” In Luke’s Jesus: Between Incarnation and Crucifixion, 51–64. Between Incarnation and Crucifixion. 1517 Media, Fortress Press, 2021. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1khdnw7.11.
  9. Boiliu, Fredik Melkias, Desetina Harefa, Haposan Simanjuntak, Septerianus Waruwu, and Irfan F. Simanjuntak. “Model Pendidikan Agama Kristen Berwawasan Majemuk dalam Membina Sikap Toleransi Beragama di Indonesia [Christian Religious Education Model with Multiple Insights in Fostering Religious Tolerance in Indonesia].” Kharismata: Jurnal Teologi Pantekosta 4, no. 1 (2021): 84–97. https://doi.org/10.47167/kharis.v4i1.82.
  10. Chirico, Francesco, Manoj Sharma, Salvatore Zaffina, and Nicola Magnavita. “Spirituality and Prayer on Teacher Stress and Burnout in an Italian Cohort: A Pilot, Before-After Controlled Study.” Frontiers in Psychology 10 (2020). https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02933.
  11. Copan, Victor. “Spirituality: What It Is and What It Isn’t.” In Changing Your Mind, 1st ed., 1–12. The Bible, the Brain, and Spiritual Growth. The Lutterworth Press, 2016. http://www.jstor.org/stable/j.ctt1p5f2gz.7.
  12. Creemers, Bert, Leonidas Kyriakides, and Panayiotis Antoniou. “Towards the Development of a Dynamic Approach to Teacher Professional Development.” In Teacher Professional Development for Improving Quality of Teaching, edited by Bert Creemers, Leonidas Kyriakides, and Panayiotis Antoniou, 3–11. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-5207-8_1.
  13. Dougall, Neil. “‘Not Simply Pastor-Teacher, but Also Apostle, Prophet and Evangelist’: The Changing Role of the Church of Scotland Parish Minister.” Theology in Scotland 22, no. 2 (2015): 39–58. https://ojs.st-andrews.ac.uk/index.php/TIS/article/view/1447.
  14. Fahy, Marie. “Spirituality.” The Furrow 64, no. 11 (2013): 599–603. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24635642.
  15. Franchi, Leonard. “Catechesis and Religious Education: A Case Study From Scotland.” Religious Education 108, no. 5 (2013): 467–81. https://doi.org/10.1080/00344087.2013.835640.
  16. Halim, Abd, and Abdul Mujib Adnan. “Problematika Hukum Dan Ideologi Islam Radikal [Studi Bom Bunuh Diri Surabaya] [Legal Problems and Radical Islamic Ideology [Surabaya Suicide Bombing Study]].” Ulul Albab: Jurnal Studi Dan Penelitian Hukum Islam 2, no. 1 (2018): 31–61. https://doi.org/10.30659/jua.v2i1.3572.
  17. Hanna, Fred J., and Alan Green. “Asian Shades of Spirituality: Implications for Multicultural School Counseling.” Professional School Counseling 7, no. 5 (2004): 326–33. http://www.jstor.org/stable/42732601.
  18. Ismail, Muh, and Retno Winarni. “Development of Theater Education Textbook with Character Education and Local Wisdom Through Active Learning to Improve the Students’ Script Writing Ability.” VNU Journal of Science: Education Research 35, no. 3 (2019). https://doi.org/10.25073/2588-1159/vnuer.4205.
  19. Jacobs, Anne C. “South African Teachers’ Views on the Inclusion of Spirituality Education in the Subject Life Orientation.” International Journal of Children’s Spirituality 17, no. 3 (August 1, 2012): 235–53. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364436X.2012.741061.
  20. Jim, and Therese D’Orsa. “Mission and Catholic Education.” In A Century of Catholic Mission: Roman Catholic Missiology 1910 to the Present, edited by Stephen B. Bevans, 15:239–46. Regnum Edinburgh Centenary Series. Minneapolis: 1517 Media, Fortress Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv1ddcmxp.26.
  21. Karliani, Eli. “Pembinaan Masyarakat Multikultural Dalam Meningkatkan Integrasi Bangsa [Multicultural Community Development in Improving National Integration].” Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila Dan Kewarganegaraan 24, no. 2 (2011): 80–92. https://doi.org/10.17977/jppkn.v24i2.5488.
  22. Khunaifi, Aan Yusuf, and Matlani Matlani. “Analisis Kritis Undang-Undang Sisdiknas Nomor 20 Tahun 2003 [Critical Analysis of the National Education System Law Number 20 of 2003].” Jurnal Ilmiah Iqra’ 13, no. 2 (2019): 81–102. https://doi.org/10.30984/jii.v13i2.972.
  23. Klerk-Luttig, J. de. “The Spirituality of Student Teachers: A Blind Spot?” Koers 73, no. 3 (2008): 509–25. http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S2304-85572008000300006&lng=en&nrm=iso&tlng=es.
  24. Kosasih, Andreas. “Creative and Joyful Learning Sebagai Bentuk Evangelisasi Baru [Creative and Joyful Learning as a New Form of Evangelization].” In 12 Bentuk Evangelisasi: Menebar Garam Di Atas Pelangi, edited by Hipolitus K. Kewuel and Gabriel Sunyoto. Madiun, Indonesia: Wina Press, 2010.
  25. Kusmaryani, Rosita Endang. “Pendidikan Multikultural Sebagai Alternatif Penanaman Nilai Moral Dalam Keberagaman [Multicultural Education as an Alternative for Inculcating Moral Values in Diversity].” Paradigma 1, no. 2 (2006): 49–56. https://journal.uny.ac.id/index.php/paradigma/article/view/5943.
  26. Lange, Dirk G. “Spirituality.” In Today Everything Is Different, 9:11–41. An Adventure in Prayer and Action. 1517 Media, 2021. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv17vf4x9.5.
  27. Madden, Rina. “Spirituality and Religious Education: Reflecting on Teacher Practice.” Pacifica 30, no. 3 (October 1, 2017): 268–83. https://doi.org/10.1177/1030570X17739651.
  28. Merpati, Temiks, Apeles Lexi Lonto, and Julien Biringan. “Kreativitas Guru dalam Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Siswa di SMP Katolik Santa Rosa Siau Timur Kabupaten Sitaro [Teacher Creativity in Improving Student Learning Outcomes at Santa Rosa Catholic Middle School, Siau Timur, Sitaro Regency].” Jurnal Civic Education: Media Kajian Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan 2, no. 2 (2018): 55–61. https://doi.org/10.36412/ce.v2i2.772.
  29. Neumann, Peter D. “Spirituality.” In Handbook of Pentecostal Christianity, edited by Adam Stewart, 195–201. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press, 2012. http://www.jstor.org/stable/10.7591/j.ctv177t9v5.48.
  30. Permana, Natalis Sukma. “Membangun Sistem Pendidikan Multikultural Di Indonesia [Building a Multicultural Education System in Indonesia].” JPAK: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Katolik 19, no. 10 (2018): 3–12. https://doi.org/10.34150/jpak.v19i10.35.
  31. Po Ho Huang. “Revisiting the Methodology of Contextual Theology in the Era of Globalization.” In Wrestling with God in Context: Revisiting the Theology and Social Vision of Shoki Coe, edited by Po Ho Huang, M. P. Joseph, and Victor Hsu, 21–34. Minneapolis: 1517 Media, Fortress Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctv550db2.6.
  32. Pohan, Sumarto. “Manajemen Sekolah: Wujudkan Guru Profesional [School Management: Realizing Professional Teachers].” Tarbawi : Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan 14, no. 2 (2018): 51–62. https://doi.org/10.32939/tarbawi.v14i2.265.
  33. Priatna, Asep. “Pengaruh Profesionalitas Guru Terhadap Kualitas Pembelajaran pada SMA di Kota Bandung [The Influence of Teacher Professionalism on the Quality of Learning in High Schools in the City of Bandung].” Jurnal Administrasi Pendidikan 14, no. 2 (2011). https://doi.org/10.17509/jap.v14i2.6415.
  34. Pujoko, Jacobus Nurhadi. “Guru Agama Katolik Dan Pembinaan Iman Remaja Katolik [Catholic Religion Teacher and Catholic Teacher Faith].” JPAK: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Katolik 6, no. 3 (2011): 87–100. https://doi.org/10.34150/jpak.v6i3.152.
  35. Rahman, Abdul. “Restrictive versus Facilitative Teacher Professional Development: A Case from Three Public Schools in Indonesia.” Asia Pacific Education Review 20, no. 4 (2019): 673–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12564-019-09585-1.
  36. Raju, P. T. “The Concept of the Spiritual in Indian Thought.” Philosophy East and West 4, no. 3 (1954): 195–213. https://doi.org/10.2307/1397554.
  37. Rasuh, Jantje. “Persepsi Generasi Muda Katolik Terhadap Katekis dan Guru Agama Katolik [Catholic Youth Perception of Catholic Catechists and Teachers].” Jurnal Masalah Pastoral 1, no. 1 (2012): 1–12. https://ojs.stkyakobus.ac.id/index.php/JUMPA/article/view/8.
  38. Rosyada, Dede. “Pendidikan Multikultural Di Indonesia Sebuah Pandangan Konsepsional [Multicultural Education in Indonesia a Conceptive View].” Sosio-Didaktika: Social Science Education Journal 1, no. 1 (2014): 1–12. https://doi.org/10.15408/sd.v1i1.1200.
  39. Saiful, Jepri Ali. “Mobile Teacher Professional Development (MTPD): Delving into English Teachers’ Beliefs in Indonesia.” The International Review of Research in Open and Distributed Learning 21, no. 4 (2020): 143–60. https://doi.org/10.19173/irrodl.v21i4.4754.
  40. Salikin, Hairus. “Profesionalitas Guru Dan Pembelajaran Kontekstual [Teacher Professionalism and Contextual Learning].” Jurnal Pengembangan Pendidikan 8, no. 1 (2011): 257–71. https://jurnal.unej.ac.id/index.php/JP2/article/view/860.
  41. Setioka, I. Wayan, and Pardjono Pardjono. “Kompetensi Pedagogik Guru Agama Katolik Sekolah Dasar Di Kabupaten Bantul [Pedagogic Competence of Primary School Catholic Religion Teachers in Bantul Regency].” Jurnal Akuntabilitas Manajemen Pendidikan 4, no. 2 (2016): 222–36. https://doi.org/10.21831/amp.v4i2.10809.
  42. Shields, Richard. “Nurturing Spirituality and Vocation: A Catholic Approach to New Teacher Induction.” Catholic Education: A Journal of Inquiry and Practice 12, no. 2 (December 1, 2008). https://ejournals.bc.edu/index.php/cej/article/view/841.
  43. Shimabukuro, Gini. “Toward a Pedagogy Grounded in Christian Spirituality.” Journal of Catholic Education 11, no. 4 (2008): 505–21. https://doi.org/10.15365/joce.1104082013.
  44. Sinurat, Lusius. “Ajakan Gereja Kepada Guru Agama Katolik [The Church’s Invitation to Catholic Religion Teachers].” Lusius Sinurat (blog), September 13, 2016. http://www.lusius-sinurat.com/2016/09/ajakan-gereja-kepada-guru-agama-katolik.html.
  45. Sinurat, Lusius. “Spiritualitas Guru Beragama Katolik [Catholic Religious Teacher Spirituality].” Pena Sinergi (blog), November 29, 2019. https://penasinergi.wordpress.com/2019/11/29/spiritualitas-guru-beragama-katolik/.
  46. Stala, Józef. “The Action-Related Competence of RE Teacher and Catechist. Toward the Development of Pedagogical and Catechetical Skills.” The Person and the Challenges. The Journal of Theology, Education, Canon Law and Social Studies Inspired by Pope John Paul II 4, no. 1 (2014). https://doi.org/10.15633/pch.51.
  47. Suko, and Suyitno Muslim. “Tranformasi Digital Sebagai Epistemologis Model Pendidikan Calon Guru Agama Katolik Di Era 4.0 [Digital Transformation as an Epistemological Model for Prospective Catholic Religion Teacher Education in Era 4.0].” Vocat: Jurnal Pendidikan Katolik 1, no. 2 (2021): 105–12. https://ejournal.stakatnpontianak.ac.id/index.php/vocat/article/view/36.
  48. Supriatin, Atin, and Aida Rahmi Nasution. “Implementasi Pendidikan Multikultural Dalam Praktik Pendidikan Di Indonesia [Implementation of Multicultural Education in Educational Practices in Indonesia].” Elementary : Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Dasar 3, no. 1 (2017): 1–13. https://e-journal.metrouniv.ac.id/index.php/elementary/article/view/785.
  49. Timiş, Vasile. “The Catechist / Religion Teacher-Targeted Abilities and Competences.” Studia Universitatis Babes-Bolyai - Psychologia-Paedagogia 59, no. 2 (2014): 93–103. https://www.ceeol.com/search/article-detail?id=108102.
  50. Tse, Antonius. “Pembelajaran Agama Katolik Yang Inspiratif [Inspiring Catholic Religious Learning].” JPAK: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Katolik 3, no. 2 (2010): 59–73. https://ejournal.widyayuwana.ac.id/index.php/jpak/article/view/91.
  51. Ulfah, Sri Mujiarti. “Mencermati Arah Pendidikan Indonesia [Observing the Direction of Indonesian Education].” Journal Ilmu Sosial, Politik Dan Pemerintahan 1, no. 2 (2012): 1–9. https://doi.org/10.37304/jispar.v1i2.346.
  52. Vermunt, Jan D. “Teacher Learning and Professional Development.” In Teachers’ Professional Development: Assessment, Training, and Learning, edited by Sabine Krolak-Schwerdt, Sabine Glock, and Matthias Böhmer, 79–95. The Future of Education Research. Rotterdam: SensePublishers, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6209-536-6_6.
  53. Widiatna, Alexius Dwi. “Transformasi Pendidikan Calon Katekis Dan Guru Agama Katolik Di Era Digital [Educational Transformation of Prospective Catechists and Catholic Religion Teachers in the Digital Age].” JPAK: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Katolik 20, no. 2 (2020): 66–82. https://doi.org/10.34150/jpak.v20i2.280.
  54. Wijaya, Albert I. Ketut Deni, and Antonius Virdei Eresto Gaudiawan. “Dampak Pembelajaran Reflektif Bagi Calon Guru Agama Katolik Terhadap Panggilan Keguruan [the Impact of Reflective Learning for Prospective Catholic Religion Teachers on Teacher Calls].” JPAK: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Katolik 20, no. 1 (2020): 101–12. https://doi.org/10.34150/jpak.v20i1.259.
  55. Wijaya, Albert I. Ketut Deni, and Natalis Sukma Permana. “Pendidikan Karakter Melalui Meditasi Metode Kitab Suci Metode Ignatius Loyola Dan Metode Teresia Avila Bagi Calon Guru Agama Katolik [Character Education through Meditation, the Biblical Method, the Ignatius Loyola Method and the Teresia Avila Method for Prospective Catholic Religion Teachers].” Sebatik 25, no. 2 (2021): 500–507. https://doi.org/10.46984/sebatik.v25i2.1644.
  56. Wijayanto J, Rahmat, and Marzuki. “Pendidikan Bela Negara Sebagai Tonggak Peradaban Jiwa Patriotisme Generasi Muda [National Defense Education as a Milestone of the Patriotism Spirit of the Young Generation].” Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidikan Pancasila dan Kewarganegaraan 3, no. 2 (2018): 186–91. https://doi.org/10.17977/um019v3i2p186-191.
  57. Wilhelmus, Ola Rongan. “Pendidikan Multikultural Di Indonesia: Arah Dan Manfaatnya [Multicultural Education in Indonesia: Directions and Benefits].” JPAK: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Katolik 19, no. 10 (2018): 13–26. https://doi.org/10.34150/jpak.v19i10.34.

List of Cited By :

Crossref logo
No Related Submission Found