Main Article Content
Abstract
The seminary life for Catholic seminarians includes aspects of their human, spiritual, academic, and pastoral formation. While staying in the seminary, they may encounter different kinds of temptations that can hinder them from pursuing their priestly vocations. This research explored the diverse temptations diocesan priests experienced when they were still seminarians. This study then explored the diverse ways of managing these temptations for the research participants. Using the transcendental phenomenology design, the researchers interviewed ten priests to explore their experiences on how they dealt with their experienced temptations. After the data analysis, six themes surfaced on temptations: family-related temptations, sexuality, deviation from the seminary structure, the temptation to isolate from the community, the envy of life outside the seminary, and doing things inconsistent with the priestly vocation. To cope with their temptation, they employed strategies such as: cultivating self-discipline, prayer, and reflection, being faithful to the mandates of the priestly vocation, living in the seminary formation process, and adjusting to community life. Thus, the research participants completed their seminary formation and were ordained as Roman Catholic priests.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Genesis Naparan, Mike Canoy, Foelan Degie Mahinay, Jan Elbe Villaflor
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References
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- Alphonso, A. (2015). The role of accompaniment in seminary formation. https://web.archive.org/web/20180410060658id_/http://jdv.edu.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/8.pdf
- Biggs, A., Brough, P., & Drummond, S. (2017). Lazarus and Folkman’s psychological stress and coping theory. In C. Cooper & J. Campbell Quick (Eds.), The handbook of stress and health: A guide to research and practice, 351-364. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118993811.ch21
- Calibo, F. D., & Oracion, E. G. (2014). The secular reasons for entering the diocesan priestly formation of young Filipinos. Philippine Sociological Review, 65-84. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43486493
- Chiroma, N. (2017). Mentoring and the ministerial formation of seminary students. Stellenbosch Theological Journal, 3(1), 51-68. https://doi.org/10.17570/stj.2017.v3n1.a03
- Clements, K. (2015). 'Life Together' in a digital age. St Mark's Review, (233), 1-14. https://static.s123-cdn-static-d.com/uploads/1292270/normal_5c9bf92610ea5.pdf
- Coe, J. (2008). Resisting the temptation of moral formation: Opening to spiritual formation in the cross and the Spirit. Journal of Spiritual Formation and Soul Care, 1(1), 54-78. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F193979090800100105
- Cordella-Bontrager, M. (2017). Matt's declassified seminary survival guide. Vision: A Journal for Church and Theology, 18(2), 69-75. https://press.palni.org/ojs/index.php/vision/article/view/61
- Cornelio, J. S. (2012). Priesthood satisfaction and the challenges priests face: A case study of a rural diocese in the Philippines. Religions, 3(4), 1103-1119. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel3041103
- Devers, E. E., & Runyan, J. D. (2018). The impact of thinking fast and slow on the evangelical mind. Christian Scholar's Review, 47(4), 433-444. https://christianscholars.com/the-impact-of-thinking-fast-and-slow-on-the-evangelical-mind/
- Fairbanks, G. J. (2017). Seminary formation: Recent history, current circumstances, new directions by Katarina Schuth (review). American Catholic Studies, 128(3), 102–104. https://doi.org/10.1353/acs.2017.0045
- Garrett, J. C. (2013). Coping strategies of evangelical ministers: Self-report of coping behaviors as related to internalized shame. New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary. https://www.proquest.com/openview/85ae844aa43ec196600b1edbe5262908
- Gordon, B. (2019). St Thomas Aquinas on affectivity: A way forward for seminary formation. [Doctoral dissertation, The University of Notre Dame Australia]. ResearchOnline@ND. https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/theses/242/
- Hoesing, P., & Hogan, E. (2021). You can’t measure that… can you? How a Catholic seminary approaches the question of measuring growth in human and spiritual formation. Journal of Spiritual Formation and Soul Care, 14(2), 254-275. https://doi.org/10.1177/19397909211040518
- Keating, J. (2012). Seminary formation and interior silence. Nova et Vetera, 10(2), 307-319. https://priestlyformation.org/site_files/PDFs/Faculty%20Articles/Deacon%20Keating/Keating-Seminary-Formation-and-Interior-Silence.pdf
- Leftow, B. (2014). Tempting God. Faith and Philosophy, 31(1), 3-23. https://doi.org/10.5840/faithphil201312301
- Lio, S., Degeng, I. N. S., Hambali, I., & Hitipeuw, I. (2022). Self-awareness and personal responsibility among seminary students. Innovations in Education and Teaching International. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2022.2052930
- McGlone, G., & Sperry, L. (2020). Psychological evaluation of Catholic seminary candidates: Strengths, shortcomings, and an innovative plan. Spirituality in Clinical Practice, 7(4), 262-277. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/scp0000240
- Meek, K. R., McMinn, M. R., Brower, C. M., Burnett, T. D., McRay, B. W., Ramey, M. L., Swanson, D. W., & Villa, D. D. (2003). Maintaining personal resiliency: Lessons learned from evangelical protestant clergy. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 31(4), 339-347. https://doi.org/10.1177/009164710303100404
- Meek, K. R., McMinn, M. R., Burnett, T., Mazzarella, C., & Voytenko, V. (2004). Sexual ethics training in seminary: Preparing students to manage feelings of sexual attraction. Pastoral Psychology, 53(1), 63-79. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:PASP.0000039327.90822.cb
- Moustakas, C. (1994). Transcendental phenomenology: Conceptual framework. In Phenomenological Research Methods (pp. 25-42). SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412995658.d4
- Oakley, D. (2017). Seminary education and formation: the challenges and some ideas about future developments. International Studies in Catholic Education, 9(2), 223-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/19422539.2017.1360613
- Oberdorf, A. (2021). The American College of St Maurice at Münster, 1867–1879: The formation of Catholic clergy for the United States between seminary education and academic studies. Paedagogica Historica, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/00309230.2021.1987936
- Oldenkamp, N. G. (2018). Addressing the need for greater social competence of Lutheran Brethren seminary students entering pastoral ministry. https://spark.bethel.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1479&context=etd
- Rhee, E. R., & Oh, H. J. (2011). Studying abroad: What international graduate students experience at a seminary in South Korea. Torch Trinity Journal, 14(2), 180-200. http://www.ttgst.ac.kr/upload/ttgst_resources13/20132-312.pdf
- Rockenbach, M. (2020). Sexual temptations. https://scholar.csl.edu/smp2020/3/
- Romeo Mateo, M. C. (2021). A new priest for a new society? The masculinity of the priesthood in liberal Spain. Journal of Religious History, 45(4), 540-558. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9809.12799
- Ruffing, E. G., Oleson, D., Tomlinson, J., Park, S. H., & Sandage, S. J. (2021). Humility and relational spirituality as predictors of well-being among Christian seminary students. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 49(4), 419–435. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091647121988968
- Sarbah, C. E. (2022). Contextualization of Christian theological formation in Ghana: Nature, challenges, and prospects. Journal for the Study of Religion, 35(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.17159/2413-3027/2022/v35n1a7
- Selvam, S. G. (2019). “Moulding his human personality”: Personality change and formation to priesthood in the Catholic Church. Journal of Spiritual Formation and Soul Care, 12(2), 232–245. https://doi.org/10.1177/1939790919827269
- Sodoy, C. C. (2006). Coping with death, separation and loss. Journal of Theology, 2(1), 127-137. https://repository.cpu.edu.ph/handle/20.500.12852/1880
- Strange, R. (2015). Seminary formation: a case study from the Pontifical Beda College, Rome. International Studies in Catholic Education, 7(2), 210–221. https://doi.org/10.1080/19422539.2015.1072959
- Wankar, G. T. (2021). On the renewal of seminary formation to meet evangelization needs in Africa: The Nigerian experience. Irish Theological Quarterly, 86(2), 184–201. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021140021995907
- Zhang, J. (2019). How community participation promotes the relocation adjustment of older women: A moderated mediation analysis. Social Indicators Research, 143(2), 637-655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-2006-0
References
Agnew, U. (2012). Seminary training today? The Furrow, 63(5), 289-298. http://www.jstor.org/stable/23219016.
Alphonso, A. (2015). The role of accompaniment in seminary formation. https://web.archive.org/web/20180410060658id_/http://jdv.edu.in/wp-content/uploads/2017/07/8.pdf
Biggs, A., Brough, P., & Drummond, S. (2017). Lazarus and Folkman’s psychological stress and coping theory. In C. Cooper & J. Campbell Quick (Eds.), The handbook of stress and health: A guide to research and practice, 351-364. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118993811.ch21
Calibo, F. D., & Oracion, E. G. (2014). The secular reasons for entering the diocesan priestly formation of young Filipinos. Philippine Sociological Review, 65-84. http://www.jstor.org/stable/43486493
Chiroma, N. (2017). Mentoring and the ministerial formation of seminary students. Stellenbosch Theological Journal, 3(1), 51-68. https://doi.org/10.17570/stj.2017.v3n1.a03
Clements, K. (2015). 'Life Together' in a digital age. St Mark's Review, (233), 1-14. https://static.s123-cdn-static-d.com/uploads/1292270/normal_5c9bf92610ea5.pdf
Coe, J. (2008). Resisting the temptation of moral formation: Opening to spiritual formation in the cross and the Spirit. Journal of Spiritual Formation and Soul Care, 1(1), 54-78. https://doi.org/10.1177%2F193979090800100105
Cordella-Bontrager, M. (2017). Matt's declassified seminary survival guide. Vision: A Journal for Church and Theology, 18(2), 69-75. https://press.palni.org/ojs/index.php/vision/article/view/61
Cornelio, J. S. (2012). Priesthood satisfaction and the challenges priests face: A case study of a rural diocese in the Philippines. Religions, 3(4), 1103-1119. https://doi.org/10.3390/rel3041103
Devers, E. E., & Runyan, J. D. (2018). The impact of thinking fast and slow on the evangelical mind. Christian Scholar's Review, 47(4), 433-444. https://christianscholars.com/the-impact-of-thinking-fast-and-slow-on-the-evangelical-mind/
Fairbanks, G. J. (2017). Seminary formation: Recent history, current circumstances, new directions by Katarina Schuth (review). American Catholic Studies, 128(3), 102–104. https://doi.org/10.1353/acs.2017.0045
Garrett, J. C. (2013). Coping strategies of evangelical ministers: Self-report of coping behaviors as related to internalized shame. New Orleans Baptist Theological Seminary. https://www.proquest.com/openview/85ae844aa43ec196600b1edbe5262908
Gordon, B. (2019). St Thomas Aquinas on affectivity: A way forward for seminary formation. [Doctoral dissertation, The University of Notre Dame Australia]. ResearchOnline@ND. https://researchonline.nd.edu.au/theses/242/
Hoesing, P., & Hogan, E. (2021). You can’t measure that… can you? How a Catholic seminary approaches the question of measuring growth in human and spiritual formation. Journal of Spiritual Formation and Soul Care, 14(2), 254-275. https://doi.org/10.1177/19397909211040518
Keating, J. (2012). Seminary formation and interior silence. Nova et Vetera, 10(2), 307-319. https://priestlyformation.org/site_files/PDFs/Faculty%20Articles/Deacon%20Keating/Keating-Seminary-Formation-and-Interior-Silence.pdf
Leftow, B. (2014). Tempting God. Faith and Philosophy, 31(1), 3-23. https://doi.org/10.5840/faithphil201312301
Lio, S., Degeng, I. N. S., Hambali, I., & Hitipeuw, I. (2022). Self-awareness and personal responsibility among seminary students. Innovations in Education and Teaching International. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1080/14703297.2022.2052930
McGlone, G., & Sperry, L. (2020). Psychological evaluation of Catholic seminary candidates: Strengths, shortcomings, and an innovative plan. Spirituality in Clinical Practice, 7(4), 262-277. https://psycnet.apa.org/doi/10.1037/scp0000240
Meek, K. R., McMinn, M. R., Brower, C. M., Burnett, T. D., McRay, B. W., Ramey, M. L., Swanson, D. W., & Villa, D. D. (2003). Maintaining personal resiliency: Lessons learned from evangelical protestant clergy. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 31(4), 339-347. https://doi.org/10.1177/009164710303100404
Meek, K. R., McMinn, M. R., Burnett, T., Mazzarella, C., & Voytenko, V. (2004). Sexual ethics training in seminary: Preparing students to manage feelings of sexual attraction. Pastoral Psychology, 53(1), 63-79. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:PASP.0000039327.90822.cb
Moustakas, C. (1994). Transcendental phenomenology: Conceptual framework. In Phenomenological Research Methods (pp. 25-42). SAGE Publications, Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412995658.d4
Oakley, D. (2017). Seminary education and formation: the challenges and some ideas about future developments. International Studies in Catholic Education, 9(2), 223-235. https://doi.org/10.1080/19422539.2017.1360613
Oberdorf, A. (2021). The American College of St Maurice at Münster, 1867–1879: The formation of Catholic clergy for the United States between seminary education and academic studies. Paedagogica Historica, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1080/00309230.2021.1987936
Oldenkamp, N. G. (2018). Addressing the need for greater social competence of Lutheran Brethren seminary students entering pastoral ministry. https://spark.bethel.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1479&context=etd
Rhee, E. R., & Oh, H. J. (2011). Studying abroad: What international graduate students experience at a seminary in South Korea. Torch Trinity Journal, 14(2), 180-200. http://www.ttgst.ac.kr/upload/ttgst_resources13/20132-312.pdf
Rockenbach, M. (2020). Sexual temptations. https://scholar.csl.edu/smp2020/3/
Romeo Mateo, M. C. (2021). A new priest for a new society? The masculinity of the priesthood in liberal Spain. Journal of Religious History, 45(4), 540-558. https://doi.org/10.1111/1467-9809.12799
Ruffing, E. G., Oleson, D., Tomlinson, J., Park, S. H., & Sandage, S. J. (2021). Humility and relational spirituality as predictors of well-being among Christian seminary students. Journal of Psychology and Theology, 49(4), 419–435. https://doi.org/10.1177/0091647121988968
Sarbah, C. E. (2022). Contextualization of Christian theological formation in Ghana: Nature, challenges, and prospects. Journal for the Study of Religion, 35(1), 1-21. https://doi.org/10.17159/2413-3027/2022/v35n1a7
Selvam, S. G. (2019). “Moulding his human personality”: Personality change and formation to priesthood in the Catholic Church. Journal of Spiritual Formation and Soul Care, 12(2), 232–245. https://doi.org/10.1177/1939790919827269
Sodoy, C. C. (2006). Coping with death, separation and loss. Journal of Theology, 2(1), 127-137. https://repository.cpu.edu.ph/handle/20.500.12852/1880
Strange, R. (2015). Seminary formation: a case study from the Pontifical Beda College, Rome. International Studies in Catholic Education, 7(2), 210–221. https://doi.org/10.1080/19422539.2015.1072959
Wankar, G. T. (2021). On the renewal of seminary formation to meet evangelization needs in Africa: The Nigerian experience. Irish Theological Quarterly, 86(2), 184–201. https://doi.org/10.1177/0021140021995907
Zhang, J. (2019). How community participation promotes the relocation adjustment of older women: A moderated mediation analysis. Social Indicators Research, 143(2), 637-655. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11205-018-2006-0