Main Article Content
Abstract
This article explores the interpretation of Quranic verses and Islamic teachings relevant to the modern concept of the sandwich generation, a demographic group simultaneously responsible for caring for aging parents and raising their own children. In the Indonesian context, where family ties and caregiving hold immense significance, understanding the intersection of Islamic principles with challenges faced by the sandwich generation is paramount. This article delves into the perspective of Indonesian scholars who analyze Quranic verses to provide insights into how Islamic teachings align with the responsibilities of the sandwich generation. Scholars’ interpretations highlight the importance of honoring parents, as commanded in the Quran, while nurturing children. They emphasize the concept of birr al-walidayn (kindness to parents), shedding light on the moral duty of children to care for aging parents, and fostering a balanced approach. Furthermore, the article discusses how Indonesian scholars emphasize the significance of self-care and seek support from the family and community. This aligns with Islamic values of moderation and collective responsibility. Scholars’ viewpoints underscore the rewards of patience and perseverance, assuring the sandwich generation that their efforts are acts of worship and have spiritual significance. Ultimately, this article provides a nuanced understanding of the sandwich generation phenomenon within the Indonesian Islamic context. It contributes to the broader discourse on family dynamics, caregiving, and the harmonization of modern challenges with timeless Islamic principles.
Keywords
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References
Abramson, T. A. (2015). Older adults: The “panini sandwich” generation. Clinical Gerontologist, 38(4), 251–267. https://doi.org/10.1080/07317115.2015.1032466
Albertini, M., Tur-Sinai, A., Lewin-Epstein, N., & Silverstein, M. (2022). The older sandwich generation across european welfare regimes: Demographic and social considerations. European Journal of Population, 38(2), 273–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-022-09606-7
Alburez-Gutierrez, D., Mason, C., & Zagheni, E. (2021). The “sandwich generation” revisited: Global demographic drivers of care time demands. Population and Development Review, 47(4), 997–1023. https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12436
Al-Husni, F. (2012). Fath al-Rahman li thalibi ayat al-Qur’an. Dar Al-kotob Al-ilmiyah.
Brenna, E. (2021). Should I care for my mum or for my kid? Sandwich generation and depression burden in Italy. Health Policy, 125(3), 415–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2020.11.014
Brody, E. M. (1981). “Women in the middle” and family help to older people. The Gerontologist, 21(5), 471–480. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/21.5.471
Burke, R. J. (2017). The sandwich generation: Individual, family, organizational and societal challenges and opportunities. In R. J. Burke & L. M. Calvano (Eds.), The sandwich generation: Caring for oneself and others at home and at work. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Butler, M. (2020). The ‘sandwich generation’: A voyage of discovery. St Mark’s Review, 182, 16–22. https://doi.org/10.3316/ielapa.200102138
Chisholm, J. F. (1999). The sandwich generation. Journal of Social Distress and Homelessness, 8(3), 177–191. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021368826791
Darmadji, A. (2014). Fondasi untuk pendidikan Islam multikultural di Indonesia: Analisis Q.S. Al-Hujurāt [49]: 11-13 dalam Tafsir Marāḥ Labīd, Tafsir Al-Azhar, dan Tafsir Al-Mishbâh [Foundations for multicultural Islamic education in Indonesia: Analysis of Q.S. Al-Hujurāt [49]: 11-13 in Tafsir Marāḥ Labīd, Tafsir Al-Azhar, and Tafsir Al-Mishbâh]. Millah: Journal of Religious Studies, 13(2), 235–260. https://doi.org/10.20885/millah.volxiii.iss2.art2
Dewi, S. S., Surbakti, A., & Nataya Nasution, A. M. (2022). Islamic parenting in sandwich generation. Psikis : Jurnal Psikologi Islami, 8(2), 182–191. https://doi.org/10.19109/psikis.v8i2.13865
Do, E. K., Cohen, S. A., & Brown, M. J. (2014). Socioeconomic and demographic factors modify the association between informal caregiving and health in the Sandwich Generation. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 362. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-362
Evans, K. L., Millsteed, J., Richmond, J. E., Falkmer, M., Falkmer, T., & Girdler, S. J. (2016). Working sandwich generation women utilize strategies within and between roles to achieve role balance. PLOS ONE, 11(6), e0157469. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157469
Frack, E., & Chapman, J. (2021). The unique experiences of the sandwich generation. Sociological Viewpoints, 35(1), 48–76. https://www.proquest.com/openview/0d73b9440ce1c9ffb87a76d830803ba4/1?cbl=38860&pq-origsite=gscholar
Halpern, J. (1994). The sandwich generation: Conflicts between adult children and their aging parents. In D. D. Cahn (Ed.), Conflict in personal relationships. Routledge.
Hämäläinen, H., & Tanskanen, A. O. (2021). ‘Sandwich generation’: Generational transfers towards adult children and elderly parents. Journal of Family Studies, 27(3), 336–355. https://doi.org/10.1080/13229400.2019.1586562
Hamka. (1989a). Tafsir Al-Azhar Jilid 6 [Tafsir Al-Azhar Volume 6]. Pustaka National Pte Ltd.
Hamka. (1989b). Tafsir Al-Azhar Jilid 7 [Tafsir Al-Azhar Volume 7]. Pustaka National Pte Ltd.
Hamka. (1989c). Tafsir Al-Azhar Jilid 9 [Tafsir Al-Azhar Volume 9]. Pustaka National Pte Ltd.
Irawaty, D. K., & Gayatri, M. (2023). Sensing the squeeze of sandwich generation women in Jakarta, Indonesia. Journal of Family Sciences, 8(1), 52–69. https://doi.org/10.29244/jfs.v8i1.43942
Johnson, K. (1994). The sandwich generation caring for aging parents. Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project. https://scholar.csl.edu/dmin/164
Khairunnisa, I., & Hartini, N. (2022). Hubungan antara caregiver burden dengan subjective well-being pada ibu generasi sandwich [The relationship between caregiver burden and subjective well-being in sandwich generation mothers]. Jurnal Ilmu Psikologi Dan Kesehatan (SIKONTAN), 1(2), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.47353/sikontan.v1i2.383
Khasanah, N., & Rubini. (2023). Islamic da’wah in the digital age in improving the akhlak of the sandwich generation. At-Thullab : Jurnal Mahasiswa Studi Islam, 5(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.20885/tullab.vol5.iss2.art20
Lam, R. C. (2006). Contradictions between Traditional Chinese Values and the Actual Performance: A Study of the Caregiving Roles of the Modern Sandwich Generation in Hong Kong. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 37(2), 299–313. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41604074
Liang, H., Wang, B., Wu, Y., Zhang, Q., Xiang, N., Yue, Z., & Liu, E. (2023). The association between financial support of adult children to their parents and informal care provision in China and its differences in household registration, residence arrangement and community-based care services: 2008 ~ 2018. International Journal for Equity in Health, 22(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-023-01856-z
Lundholm, E., & Malmberg, G. (2009). Between elderly parents and grandchildren—Geographic proximity and trends in four-generation families. Journal of Population Ageing, 2(3), 121–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12062-010-9022-4
Makhijani, P. (2022, August 9). The mental load of being a sandwich generation caregiver [HTML]. Parents. https://www.parents.com/health/mental/the-mental-load-of-being-a-sandwich-generation-caregiver/
Marss, L. (2011). The sandwich generation: The challenges of caring for an elderly parent and raising children [M.A. Thesis, California State University]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. https://www.proquest.com/openview/58da0ce3d38476a97194050858a6da3a/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750
Messy, M., & Charles, C. (2022). Pendidikan karakter dalam al-Qur’an Surah Al-Isra ayat 23-30 menurut Tafsir Al-Azhar [Character education in the Qur’an Surah Al-Isra verses 23-30 according to Tafsir Al-Azhar]. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 2(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v2i1.206
Miller, D. A. (1981). The ‘sandwich’ generation: Adult children of the aging. Social Work, 26(5), 419–423. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23712207
Musfah, J. (2007). Indeks Al-Quran praktis [Practical Al-Quran index]. Hikmah.
Mutiah, N., Lubis, D. S., Maarif, M. A., Farizal, N., Zein, A. S., & Awalina, M. (2023). Analysis of the influence of Muslim sandwich generation technology philanthropy on poverty. Proceeding of International Conference on Islamic Philantrophy, 1, 143–159. https://doi.org/10.24090/icip.v1i1.401
Noor, S., & Isa, F. M. (2020). Malaysian sandwich generation issues and challenges in elderly parents care. International and Multidisciplinary Journal of Social Sciences, 9(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.17583/rimcis.2020.5277
Oliver, S. (2023, June 27). ‘Sandwich Generation’ of caregivers is caught in the middle [HTML]. Fifty Plus Advocate. https://www.fiftyplusadvocate.com/2023/06/27/260037-sandwich-generation-of-caregivers-is-caught-in-the-middle/
Putro, S. S., & Riyanto, S. (2020). How asian sandwich generation managing stress in telecommuting during Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, 3(3), 485–492. http://www.ijsred.com/volume3/issue3/IJSRED-V3I3P64.pdf
Rahman, A., & Wongkaren, T. S. (2023). Pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kebahagiaan generasi sandwich di Indonesia [The influence of social capital on the happiness of the sandwich generation in Indonesia]. Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia, 17(2), 143–160. https://doi.org/10.14203/jki.v17i2.675
Remennick, L. I. (1999). Women of the “sandwich” generation and multiple roles: The case of Russian immigrants of the 1990s in Israel. Sex Roles, 40(5), 347–378. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018815425195
Rikza, A., & Islam, S. (2019). Pendidikan Karakter dalam Tafsir Al-Misbah Surat Al-Isra’ Ayat 23-24 dan Surat Luqman Ayat 12-19 [Character Education in Tafsir Al-Misbah Surah Al-Isra’ Verses 23-24 and Surah Luqman Verses 12-19]. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 3(1), Article 1. https://journal.unipdu.ac.id/index.php/jpi/article/view/1985
Riley, L. D., & Bowen, C. “Pokey”. (2005). The sandwich generation: Challenges and coping strategies of multigenerational families. The Family Journal, 13(1), 52–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480704270099
Roots, C. R. (1998). The sandwich generation: Adult children caring for aging parents. Taylor & Francis.
Shihab, M. Q. (2005a). Tafsir Al-Mishbah: Pesan, kesan, dan keserasian al-Quran Jilid 7 [Tafsir al-Mishbah: Message, impression, and harmony of the Holy Quran Volume 7] (Fifth print). Penerbit Lentera Hati.
Shihab, M. Q. (2005b). Tafsir Al-Mishbah: Pesan, kesan, dan keserasian al-Quran Jilid 11 [Tafsir al-Mishbah: Message, impression, and harmony of the Holy Quran Volume 11] (Fifth print). Penerbit Lentera Hati.
Shihab, M. Q. (2005c). Tafsir Al-Mishbah: Pesan, kesan, dan keserasian al-Quran Jilid 13 [Tafsir al-Mishbah: Message, impression, and harmony of the Holy Quran Volume 13] (Fifth print). Penerbit Lentera Hati.
Silverstein, M., Tur-Sinai, A., & Lewin-Epstein, N. (2020). Intergenerational support of older adults by the ‘mature’ sandwich generation: The relevance of national policy regimes. Theoretical Inquiries in Law, 21(1), 55–76. https://doi.org/10.1515/til-2020-0004
Spillman, B. C., & Pezzin, L. E. (2000). Potential and active family caregivers: Changing networks and the ‘sandwich generation’. The Milbank Quarterly, 78(3), 347–374. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.00177
Sudarji, S., Panggabean, H., & Marta, R. F. (2022). Challenges of the sandwich generation: Stress and coping strategy of the multigenerational care. Indigenous: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 7(3), 263–275. https://doi.org/10.23917/indigenous.v7i3.19433
Synowiec-Piłat, M., Jędrzejek, M., & Zmyślona, B. (2022). Differences in leisure time across middle-generation adults in Wroclaw, Poland: Examining the usefulness of the “sandwich generation” category. Family Relations, 71(4), 1747–1761. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12676
Syufa’at, S., Zaidi, S. M. S., & Mutholaah, M. (2023). Sandwich generation in contemporary Indonesia: Determining responsibility in caring for elderly under Islamic law and positive law. Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam, 167–182. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v17i2.9371
Tyas, A. S. D., & Kusumaningrum, F. A. (2022). The relationship between parenting self-efficacy and caregiver burden in the sandwich generation. 100–104. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-49-7_19
Wassel, J. I. (2006). Financial planning and the ‘senior sandwich’ generation. Journal of Financial Service Professionals, 60(2), 22–26. https://www.proquest.com/docview/209618314/abstract/CF855354DA9F40AAPQ/1
Zhang, Y., & Goza, F. W. (2006). Who will care for the elderly in China?. A review of the problems caused by China’s one-child policy and their potential solutions. Journal of Aging Studies, 20(2), 151–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2005.07.002
References
Abramson, T. A. (2015). Older adults: The “panini sandwich” generation. Clinical Gerontologist, 38(4), 251–267. https://doi.org/10.1080/07317115.2015.1032466
Albertini, M., Tur-Sinai, A., Lewin-Epstein, N., & Silverstein, M. (2022). The older sandwich generation across european welfare regimes: Demographic and social considerations. European Journal of Population, 38(2), 273–300. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10680-022-09606-7
Alburez-Gutierrez, D., Mason, C., & Zagheni, E. (2021). The “sandwich generation” revisited: Global demographic drivers of care time demands. Population and Development Review, 47(4), 997–1023. https://doi.org/10.1111/padr.12436
Al-Husni, F. (2012). Fath al-Rahman li thalibi ayat al-Qur’an. Dar Al-kotob Al-ilmiyah.
Brenna, E. (2021). Should I care for my mum or for my kid? Sandwich generation and depression burden in Italy. Health Policy, 125(3), 415–423. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2020.11.014
Brody, E. M. (1981). “Women in the middle” and family help to older people. The Gerontologist, 21(5), 471–480. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/21.5.471
Burke, R. J. (2017). The sandwich generation: Individual, family, organizational and societal challenges and opportunities. In R. J. Burke & L. M. Calvano (Eds.), The sandwich generation: Caring for oneself and others at home and at work. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Butler, M. (2020). The ‘sandwich generation’: A voyage of discovery. St Mark’s Review, 182, 16–22. https://doi.org/10.3316/ielapa.200102138
Chisholm, J. F. (1999). The sandwich generation. Journal of Social Distress and Homelessness, 8(3), 177–191. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021368826791
Darmadji, A. (2014). Fondasi untuk pendidikan Islam multikultural di Indonesia: Analisis Q.S. Al-Hujurāt [49]: 11-13 dalam Tafsir Marāḥ Labīd, Tafsir Al-Azhar, dan Tafsir Al-Mishbâh [Foundations for multicultural Islamic education in Indonesia: Analysis of Q.S. Al-Hujurāt [49]: 11-13 in Tafsir Marāḥ Labīd, Tafsir Al-Azhar, and Tafsir Al-Mishbâh]. Millah: Journal of Religious Studies, 13(2), 235–260. https://doi.org/10.20885/millah.volxiii.iss2.art2
Dewi, S. S., Surbakti, A., & Nataya Nasution, A. M. (2022). Islamic parenting in sandwich generation. Psikis : Jurnal Psikologi Islami, 8(2), 182–191. https://doi.org/10.19109/psikis.v8i2.13865
Do, E. K., Cohen, S. A., & Brown, M. J. (2014). Socioeconomic and demographic factors modify the association between informal caregiving and health in the Sandwich Generation. BMC Public Health, 14(1), 362. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-362
Evans, K. L., Millsteed, J., Richmond, J. E., Falkmer, M., Falkmer, T., & Girdler, S. J. (2016). Working sandwich generation women utilize strategies within and between roles to achieve role balance. PLOS ONE, 11(6), e0157469. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157469
Frack, E., & Chapman, J. (2021). The unique experiences of the sandwich generation. Sociological Viewpoints, 35(1), 48–76. https://www.proquest.com/openview/0d73b9440ce1c9ffb87a76d830803ba4/1?cbl=38860&pq-origsite=gscholar
Halpern, J. (1994). The sandwich generation: Conflicts between adult children and their aging parents. In D. D. Cahn (Ed.), Conflict in personal relationships. Routledge.
Hämäläinen, H., & Tanskanen, A. O. (2021). ‘Sandwich generation’: Generational transfers towards adult children and elderly parents. Journal of Family Studies, 27(3), 336–355. https://doi.org/10.1080/13229400.2019.1586562
Hamka. (1989a). Tafsir Al-Azhar Jilid 6 [Tafsir Al-Azhar Volume 6]. Pustaka National Pte Ltd.
Hamka. (1989b). Tafsir Al-Azhar Jilid 7 [Tafsir Al-Azhar Volume 7]. Pustaka National Pte Ltd.
Hamka. (1989c). Tafsir Al-Azhar Jilid 9 [Tafsir Al-Azhar Volume 9]. Pustaka National Pte Ltd.
Irawaty, D. K., & Gayatri, M. (2023). Sensing the squeeze of sandwich generation women in Jakarta, Indonesia. Journal of Family Sciences, 8(1), 52–69. https://doi.org/10.29244/jfs.v8i1.43942
Johnson, K. (1994). The sandwich generation caring for aging parents. Doctor of Ministry Major Applied Project. https://scholar.csl.edu/dmin/164
Khairunnisa, I., & Hartini, N. (2022). Hubungan antara caregiver burden dengan subjective well-being pada ibu generasi sandwich [The relationship between caregiver burden and subjective well-being in sandwich generation mothers]. Jurnal Ilmu Psikologi Dan Kesehatan (SIKONTAN), 1(2), 97–106. https://doi.org/10.47353/sikontan.v1i2.383
Khasanah, N., & Rubini. (2023). Islamic da’wah in the digital age in improving the akhlak of the sandwich generation. At-Thullab : Jurnal Mahasiswa Studi Islam, 5(2), Article 2. https://doi.org/10.20885/tullab.vol5.iss2.art20
Lam, R. C. (2006). Contradictions between Traditional Chinese Values and the Actual Performance: A Study of the Caregiving Roles of the Modern Sandwich Generation in Hong Kong. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 37(2), 299–313. https://www.jstor.org/stable/41604074
Liang, H., Wang, B., Wu, Y., Zhang, Q., Xiang, N., Yue, Z., & Liu, E. (2023). The association between financial support of adult children to their parents and informal care provision in China and its differences in household registration, residence arrangement and community-based care services: 2008 ~ 2018. International Journal for Equity in Health, 22(1), 46. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12939-023-01856-z
Lundholm, E., & Malmberg, G. (2009). Between elderly parents and grandchildren—Geographic proximity and trends in four-generation families. Journal of Population Ageing, 2(3), 121–137. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12062-010-9022-4
Makhijani, P. (2022, August 9). The mental load of being a sandwich generation caregiver [HTML]. Parents. https://www.parents.com/health/mental/the-mental-load-of-being-a-sandwich-generation-caregiver/
Marss, L. (2011). The sandwich generation: The challenges of caring for an elderly parent and raising children [M.A. Thesis, California State University]. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing. https://www.proquest.com/openview/58da0ce3d38476a97194050858a6da3a/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=18750
Messy, M., & Charles, C. (2022). Pendidikan karakter dalam al-Qur’an Surah Al-Isra ayat 23-30 menurut Tafsir Al-Azhar [Character education in the Qur’an Surah Al-Isra verses 23-30 according to Tafsir Al-Azhar]. Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research, 2(1), Article 1. https://doi.org/10.31004/innovative.v2i1.206
Miller, D. A. (1981). The ‘sandwich’ generation: Adult children of the aging. Social Work, 26(5), 419–423. https://www.jstor.org/stable/23712207
Musfah, J. (2007). Indeks Al-Quran praktis [Practical Al-Quran index]. Hikmah.
Mutiah, N., Lubis, D. S., Maarif, M. A., Farizal, N., Zein, A. S., & Awalina, M. (2023). Analysis of the influence of Muslim sandwich generation technology philanthropy on poverty. Proceeding of International Conference on Islamic Philantrophy, 1, 143–159. https://doi.org/10.24090/icip.v1i1.401
Noor, S., & Isa, F. M. (2020). Malaysian sandwich generation issues and challenges in elderly parents care. International and Multidisciplinary Journal of Social Sciences, 9(3), Article 3. https://doi.org/10.17583/rimcis.2020.5277
Oliver, S. (2023, June 27). ‘Sandwich Generation’ of caregivers is caught in the middle [HTML]. Fifty Plus Advocate. https://www.fiftyplusadvocate.com/2023/06/27/260037-sandwich-generation-of-caregivers-is-caught-in-the-middle/
Putro, S. S., & Riyanto, S. (2020). How asian sandwich generation managing stress in telecommuting during Covid-19 pandemic. International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development, 3(3), 485–492. http://www.ijsred.com/volume3/issue3/IJSRED-V3I3P64.pdf
Rahman, A., & Wongkaren, T. S. (2023). Pengaruh modal sosial terhadap kebahagiaan generasi sandwich di Indonesia [The influence of social capital on the happiness of the sandwich generation in Indonesia]. Jurnal Kependudukan Indonesia, 17(2), 143–160. https://doi.org/10.14203/jki.v17i2.675
Remennick, L. I. (1999). Women of the “sandwich” generation and multiple roles: The case of Russian immigrants of the 1990s in Israel. Sex Roles, 40(5), 347–378. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1018815425195
Rikza, A., & Islam, S. (2019). Pendidikan Karakter dalam Tafsir Al-Misbah Surat Al-Isra’ Ayat 23-24 dan Surat Luqman Ayat 12-19 [Character Education in Tafsir Al-Misbah Surah Al-Isra’ Verses 23-24 and Surah Luqman Verses 12-19]. Jurnal Pendidikan Islam, 3(1), Article 1. https://journal.unipdu.ac.id/index.php/jpi/article/view/1985
Riley, L. D., & Bowen, C. “Pokey”. (2005). The sandwich generation: Challenges and coping strategies of multigenerational families. The Family Journal, 13(1), 52–58. https://doi.org/10.1177/1066480704270099
Roots, C. R. (1998). The sandwich generation: Adult children caring for aging parents. Taylor & Francis.
Shihab, M. Q. (2005a). Tafsir Al-Mishbah: Pesan, kesan, dan keserasian al-Quran Jilid 7 [Tafsir al-Mishbah: Message, impression, and harmony of the Holy Quran Volume 7] (Fifth print). Penerbit Lentera Hati.
Shihab, M. Q. (2005b). Tafsir Al-Mishbah: Pesan, kesan, dan keserasian al-Quran Jilid 11 [Tafsir al-Mishbah: Message, impression, and harmony of the Holy Quran Volume 11] (Fifth print). Penerbit Lentera Hati.
Shihab, M. Q. (2005c). Tafsir Al-Mishbah: Pesan, kesan, dan keserasian al-Quran Jilid 13 [Tafsir al-Mishbah: Message, impression, and harmony of the Holy Quran Volume 13] (Fifth print). Penerbit Lentera Hati.
Silverstein, M., Tur-Sinai, A., & Lewin-Epstein, N. (2020). Intergenerational support of older adults by the ‘mature’ sandwich generation: The relevance of national policy regimes. Theoretical Inquiries in Law, 21(1), 55–76. https://doi.org/10.1515/til-2020-0004
Spillman, B. C., & Pezzin, L. E. (2000). Potential and active family caregivers: Changing networks and the ‘sandwich generation’. The Milbank Quarterly, 78(3), 347–374. https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.00177
Sudarji, S., Panggabean, H., & Marta, R. F. (2022). Challenges of the sandwich generation: Stress and coping strategy of the multigenerational care. Indigenous: Jurnal Ilmiah Psikologi, 7(3), 263–275. https://doi.org/10.23917/indigenous.v7i3.19433
Synowiec-Piłat, M., Jędrzejek, M., & Zmyślona, B. (2022). Differences in leisure time across middle-generation adults in Wroclaw, Poland: Examining the usefulness of the “sandwich generation” category. Family Relations, 71(4), 1747–1761. https://doi.org/10.1111/fare.12676
Syufa’at, S., Zaidi, S. M. S., & Mutholaah, M. (2023). Sandwich generation in contemporary Indonesia: Determining responsibility in caring for elderly under Islamic law and positive law. Al-Manahij: Jurnal Kajian Hukum Islam, 167–182. https://doi.org/10.24090/mnh.v17i2.9371
Tyas, A. S. D., & Kusumaningrum, F. A. (2022). The relationship between parenting self-efficacy and caregiver burden in the sandwich generation. 100–104. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-2-494069-49-7_19
Wassel, J. I. (2006). Financial planning and the ‘senior sandwich’ generation. Journal of Financial Service Professionals, 60(2), 22–26. https://www.proquest.com/docview/209618314/abstract/CF855354DA9F40AAPQ/1
Zhang, Y., & Goza, F. W. (2006). Who will care for the elderly in China?. A review of the problems caused by China’s one-child policy and their potential solutions. Journal of Aging Studies, 20(2), 151–164. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaging.2005.07.002