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Abstract
This study examines the paradoxical phenomenon of declining transaction values among MSMEs in Sukabumi despite a significant increase in the number of businesses and widespread participation in the Indonesian government's “Go Digital” program, yet their sales performance has not increased proportionally. This study aims to analyze the impact of Omni Channel l implementation on Sales Performance, with Customer Relationship Management (CRM) as a mediating variable. A quantitative approach using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS was applied. The population consisted of 110 MSMEs in Sukabumi who had participated in digital literacy training, specifically in internet marketing through WhatsApp Business. Data were collected using non-probability sampling and measured through 11 indicators. The results show that Omni Channel l has a significant direct effect on both CRM (β = 0.572, p < 0.001) and Sales Performance (β = 0.528, p = 0.002). However, CRM does not have a significant direct effect on Sales Performance (β = 0.272, p = 0.075). Furthermore, the indirect effect of Omni Channel l on Sales Performance through CRM was not supported. The structural model explains 51.8% of the variance in Sales Performance and 32.7% in CRM. These findings indicate that, in the context of MSMEs in Sukabumi, the implementation of simple and practical Omni Channel l, especially through WhatsApp Business, plays a more critical role in improving sales performance than formal CRM practices. The absence of a mediating effect of CRM suggests that most MSMEs operate at an operational stage where structured CRM systems have not been optimally implemented or are not yet necessary.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Bambang Eko Samiono, Indra Satria Ari Wijaya

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References
- Akram, M., Rana, R. A., & Bhatti, U. T. (2017). Impact of customer relationship management and social media on sales performance by considering moderating effect of sale personnel capabilities. International Journal of Research, 4(8), 1188-1197.
- Bayu, D. (2022). Mayoritas UMKM Pakai Internet Untuk Berjualan. Data Indonesia.id. https://dataindonesia.id/ekonomi-digital/detail/survei-mayoritas-umkm-pakai-internet-untuk-berjualan
- Charoensukmongkol, P., & Sasatanun, P. (2017a). Social media use for CRM and business performance satisfaction: The moderating roles of social skills and social media sales intensity. Asia Pacific Management Review, 22(1), 25-34.
- Hailey, V. C. (2025). A correlation study of CRM resources and retailer omni-channel strategy performance. International Journal of Technology Marketing, 19(3), 366–386.
- Jovanović, J. Š., Vujadinović, R., Mitreva, E., Fragassa, C., & Vujović, A. (2020). The Relationship between E-Commerce and Firm Performance: The Mediating Role of Internet Sales Channels. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(17), 6993.
- Kusumatrisna, A. L., Amri, K., Anggraini, L., Untari, R., Sutarsih, T., & Wulandari, V. C. (2023). Statistik Ecommerce 2022/2023 (A. Y. Supriadi & L. Angraini, Eds.). Badan Pusat Statistik.
- Limanseto, H. (2021). Dukungan Pemerintah untuk Mendorong UMKM Go Digital dan Go Global. Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian. https://ekon.go.id/publikasi/detail/3180/dukungan-pemerintah-untuk-mendorong-umkm-go-digital-dan-go-global
- Lubis, A., Dalimunthe, D. M. J., Hutagalung, B., & Lubis, A. S. (2023). Strategy of omni-channel marketing and business sustainability of e-commerce through the character and mindset of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Siantar City. Journal of Management Analytical and Solution (JoMAS), 3(2), 39–44.
- Mahardikaningtyas, R., & Akromudin, N. (2024). The effectiveness of omni-channel as a digital marketing medium in the economy after the COVID-19 pandemic. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 5(1), 331–341.
- Proyeksi jumlah usaha mikro kecil menengah (UMKM) berdasarkan kabupaten/kota di Jawa Barat. (2023). Dinas Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Provinsi Jawa Barat. https://opendata.jabarprov.go.id/id/dataset/proyeksi-jumlah-usaha-mikro-kecil-menengah-umkm-berdasarkan-kabupatenkota-di-jawa-barat
- Purba, P. S., Harahap, M. I., & Nurbaiti, N. (2023). Analisis pengembangan UMKM go digital dalam penyelamatan ekonomi Indonesia menghadapi resesi ekonomi. EKONOMIKAWAN: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan, 23(2), 427–443.
- Samiono, B. E., Pratiwi, A., Sunarmo, & Alam, R. (2025). The Role of External Factors on Actual Technology Use of Omni Channel Applications. Jurnal Manajemen, 29(3), 589–611.
- Setiawan, Z. A., & Mahfudz, M. (2019). Pengaruh Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Inovasi dan Penggunaan Teknologi Sebagai Strategi Keunggulan Bersaing Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Bisnis (Studi Pada Toko Grosir Makanan dan Minuman di Provinsi Jawa tengah dan Yogyakarta. Jurnal Sains dan Pe. Jurnal Sains Pemasaran Indonesia, 8, 184–198.
- Shankar, V., & Kushwaha, T. (2021). omni channel marketing: Are cross-channel effects symmetric? International Journal of Research in Marketing, 38(2), 290–310.
- Situmorang, H. D. (2023). Pemerintah Dorong 30 Juta UMKM Go Digital 2024. Berita Satu. https://www.beritasatu.com/ekonomi/2785031/pemerintah-dorong-30-juta-umkm-go-digital-2024
- Yulisa, P. A., & Permana, D. (2020). Analysis effect of omni-channel on the MSME’s performance in craft industry through customer experience and customer relationship management. International Humanities and Applied Sciences Journal (IHASJ), 3(3),19-27.
References
Akram, M., Rana, R. A., & Bhatti, U. T. (2017). Impact of customer relationship management and social media on sales performance by considering moderating effect of sale personnel capabilities. International Journal of Research, 4(8), 1188-1197.
Bayu, D. (2022). Mayoritas UMKM Pakai Internet Untuk Berjualan. Data Indonesia.id. https://dataindonesia.id/ekonomi-digital/detail/survei-mayoritas-umkm-pakai-internet-untuk-berjualan
Charoensukmongkol, P., & Sasatanun, P. (2017a). Social media use for CRM and business performance satisfaction: The moderating roles of social skills and social media sales intensity. Asia Pacific Management Review, 22(1), 25-34.
Hailey, V. C. (2025). A correlation study of CRM resources and retailer omni-channel strategy performance. International Journal of Technology Marketing, 19(3), 366–386.
Jovanović, J. Š., Vujadinović, R., Mitreva, E., Fragassa, C., & Vujović, A. (2020). The Relationship between E-Commerce and Firm Performance: The Mediating Role of Internet Sales Channels. Sustainability (Switzerland), 12(17), 6993.
Kusumatrisna, A. L., Amri, K., Anggraini, L., Untari, R., Sutarsih, T., & Wulandari, V. C. (2023). Statistik Ecommerce 2022/2023 (A. Y. Supriadi & L. Angraini, Eds.). Badan Pusat Statistik.
Limanseto, H. (2021). Dukungan Pemerintah untuk Mendorong UMKM Go Digital dan Go Global. Kementerian Koordinator Bidang Perekonomian. https://ekon.go.id/publikasi/detail/3180/dukungan-pemerintah-untuk-mendorong-umkm-go-digital-dan-go-global
Lubis, A., Dalimunthe, D. M. J., Hutagalung, B., & Lubis, A. S. (2023). Strategy of omni-channel marketing and business sustainability of e-commerce through the character and mindset of MSMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic in Siantar City. Journal of Management Analytical and Solution (JoMAS), 3(2), 39–44.
Mahardikaningtyas, R., & Akromudin, N. (2024). The effectiveness of omni-channel as a digital marketing medium in the economy after the COVID-19 pandemic. Jurnal Indonesia Sosial Teknologi, 5(1), 331–341.
Proyeksi jumlah usaha mikro kecil menengah (UMKM) berdasarkan kabupaten/kota di Jawa Barat. (2023). Dinas Koperasi dan Usaha Kecil Provinsi Jawa Barat. https://opendata.jabarprov.go.id/id/dataset/proyeksi-jumlah-usaha-mikro-kecil-menengah-umkm-berdasarkan-kabupatenkota-di-jawa-barat
Purba, P. S., Harahap, M. I., & Nurbaiti, N. (2023). Analisis pengembangan UMKM go digital dalam penyelamatan ekonomi Indonesia menghadapi resesi ekonomi. EKONOMIKAWAN: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi dan Studi Pembangunan, 23(2), 427–443.
Samiono, B. E., Pratiwi, A., Sunarmo, & Alam, R. (2025). The Role of External Factors on Actual Technology Use of Omni Channel Applications. Jurnal Manajemen, 29(3), 589–611.
Setiawan, Z. A., & Mahfudz, M. (2019). Pengaruh Customer Relationship Management (CRM) Inovasi dan Penggunaan Teknologi Sebagai Strategi Keunggulan Bersaing Untuk Meningkatkan Kinerja Bisnis (Studi Pada Toko Grosir Makanan dan Minuman di Provinsi Jawa tengah dan Yogyakarta. Jurnal Sains dan Pe. Jurnal Sains Pemasaran Indonesia, 8, 184–198.
Shankar, V., & Kushwaha, T. (2021). omni channel marketing: Are cross-channel effects symmetric? International Journal of Research in Marketing, 38(2), 290–310.
Situmorang, H. D. (2023). Pemerintah Dorong 30 Juta UMKM Go Digital 2024. Berita Satu. https://www.beritasatu.com/ekonomi/2785031/pemerintah-dorong-30-juta-umkm-go-digital-2024
Yulisa, P. A., & Permana, D. (2020). Analysis effect of omni-channel on the MSME’s performance in craft industry through customer experience and customer relationship management. International Humanities and Applied Sciences Journal (IHASJ), 3(3),19-27.