PENGARUH TERAPI KELOMPOK SUPORTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN OPTIMISME PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS

Salma Dias Saraswati; Yayi Suryo Prabandari; Rr. Indahria Sulistyarini

doi:10.20885/intervensipsikologi.vol11.iss1.art5

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June 27, 2019

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August 16, 2019

Published

June 27, 2019

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Abstract

This research aims to observe the effectiveness of supportive group therapy to improve the optimism of patients with chronic renal failure undergoing the hemodialysis. The subject was divided into the experimental group (n= 4) and control group (n = 4). The research design was pre-test post- test control group and was measured by three times (pre-test, posttest and follow-up for two weeks). Life Orientation Test (LOT-R) developed by Scheier and Carver (1985) was the measurement tools used to measure the optimism. The training module was arranged based upon the supportive group theory by van den Heuvel, et al (2002). The results showed that the subject in the experimental group had a significant increase in the optimism score in comparison to the control group that was given no supportive group therapy. The implication and limitation in the research finding would be the discussion.

Keywords

optimism hemodyalisis patients supportive group therapy

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Saraswati, S. D., Prabandari, Y. S., & Sulistyarini, R. I. (2019). PENGARUH TERAPI KELOMPOK SUPORTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN OPTIMISME PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS. JIP (Jurnal Intervensi Psikologi), 11(1), 55–66. https://doi.org/10.20885/intervensipsikologi.vol11.iss1.art5

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References

Amanah, S. (2016). Hubungan antara optimismedengan kualitas hidup pada pasien gagal ginjal kronis yang menjalani hemodialisa. (Skripsi, tidak diterbitkan). Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Andaryati,A., Uyun, Q., & Sulistyarini, I. (2017). Terapi kelompok dukungan untuk meningkatkan resiliensi pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa. (Tesis, tidak diterbitkan). Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Applebaum, A. J., Stein, E. M., Lord-Bessen, J., Pessin, H., Rosenfeld, B., & Breitbart, W. (2014). Optimism, social support, and mental health outcomes in patients with advanced cancer: Optimism, social support, and advanced cancer.Psycho-Oncology,23(3), 299-306.
Brabender, V.A., Fallon, A.E., & Smolar, A.I. (2004). Essential of group therapy. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
Carver, C.S., Scheier, M.F., & Segerstrom, S.C. (2010). Optimism. ClinicalPsychology Review, 30, 879-889.
Carver, C. S., danScheier, M. F. (2001). Optimism and pessimism: Implications for theory, research and practice. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Chang, E. C. (2009). An examination of optimism, pessimism, and performance perfectionism as predictors of positive psychological functioning in middle-aged adults: Does holding high standards of performance matter beyond generalized outcome expectancies?Cognitive Therapy and Research,33(3), 334-344.
Chang, E., Daly, J., & Elliott D. (2010). Patofisiologi aplikasi pada praktik keperawatan. Jakarta: Buku Kedokteran EGC.
Corey, G. (2010). Theory and practice of group counselling (8th edition). Belmont, CA, USA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning
Daraei, M., &Ghaderi, A. R. (2012). Impact of education on optimism/pessimism. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 38(2), 339-343
Dowlatabadi, M. M.,Ahmadi, S. M.,Sorbi, M. H.,Beiki, O.,Razavi, T. K.,& Bidaki, R.(2016). Theeffectiveness of group positive psychotherapy on depression and happiness in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial. Electronic Physician, vol 8 (3):2175-80.
Finck, C., Barradas, S., Zenger, M., & Hinz, A. (2018). Quality of life in breast cancer patients : Associations with optimism and social support. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 18(1), 27–34.
Gillham, J. E., Shatté, A. J., Reivich, K. J., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2001). Optimism, pessimism, and explanatory style.In E. C. Chang (Ed.),Optimism & pessimism: Implications for theory, research, and practice(pp. 53-75). Washington, DC, American Psychological Association.
Van den Heuvel, E. T.,Witte, L. P.,Stewart, R. E.,Schure, L. M.,Sanderman, R.,Meyboom-de Jong, B.(2002). Long-term Effect of A Group Support Program and An Individual Support Program for Informal Caregivers of Stroke Patients: Which Caregivers Benefit Most? Journal of Patient Education and Counseling,47, 291-299.
Indonesian Renal Registry (IRR). (2016). 7th Report of Indonesian renal registry. Diunduh pada 15 November 2018, dari: https://www.indonesianrenalregistry.org/data/INDONESIAN%20RENAL%20REGISTRY%202014.pdf.
Jariyah, S. (2016). Terapi kelompok dukungan untuk meningkatkan penerimaan orang tua yang anaknya autis.(Tesistidak diterbitkan). Fakultas Psikologi dan Ilmu Sosial Budaya, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Kurniawan, Y. (2015). Terapi kelompok pendukung pada orang tua pasien talassemia. (Tesistidak diterbitkan). Fakultas Psikologi dan Ilmu Sosial Budaya, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
Kauff, P. F. (2017). Psychoanalytic Group Psychotherapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy.67(1), 91–98.
Levi, O., Shoval-zuckerman, Y., Fruchter, E., Bibi, A., Bar-haim, Y., Wald, I., &Force, I. D. (2017). Benefits of a Psychodynamic Group Therapy (PGT) Model for Treating Veterans With PTSD. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 73(10), 1247–1258.
Millah, F. N. (2016). Hubungan antara optimisme dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien diabetes melitus. (Skripsitidak diterbitkan). Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.
National Kidney Disease Education Program (NKDEP). (2014). Chronic kidney disease and diet: assesment management and treatment. Diunduh pada 12 Oktober 2018, dari: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/-/media/Files/Health-Information/Communication-Programs/NKDEP/ckd-diet-assess-manage-treat-508.pdf
Pender, N. J., Murdaugh, C. L., & Parsons, M. A. (2002). Health promotion innursing practice. (4thed.). New Jersey: Pearson.
Price, S. A. (2006). Patofisiologi Konsep Klinis Proses-proses Penyakit. Jakarta: Kedokteran EGC.
Rajandram, R. K., Ho, S. M., Samman, N., Chan, N., McGrath, C., & Zwahlen, R. A. (2011). Interaction of hope and optimism with anxiety and depression in a specific group of cancer survivors: A preliminary study.BMC Research Notes,4(1), 519-519.
Rahman, A.R., Rudiansyah, M., & Triawanti, T. (2013). Hubungan antara adekuasi hemodialisis dan kualitas hidup pasien di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Berkala Kedokteran.9(2), 151–160.
Safitri, A. H., & Dewi, D. S. E. (2014). Deskripsi tingkat harapan pada penderita gagal ginjal kronik di RSU Prof Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Psycho Idea.12(1), 47–53.
Sarafino, E.P. (2002). Health psychology biopsychological interaction, 2nd edition. New John Wiley and Sons
Sari, R. (2009). Dukungan sosial pada pasien kanker payudara di masa dewasa tengah. (Skripsi,tidak diterbitkan). Universitas Gunadarma,Jakarta, Indonesia.
Scheier, M. F., &Carver, C. S.(1985). Optimism, coping, and health: assessment and implication of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychology.4(3), 219-247
Seidel, U. K., Gronewold, J., Volsek, M., Todica, O., Kribben, A., Bruck, H., & Hermann, D. M. (2014). Physical, cognitive and emotional factors contributing to quality of life, functional health and participation in community dwelling in chronic kidney disease.PLoS One,9(3): e91176
Seligman, M. E. P. (2006). Learned optimism: how to change your mind and yourlife. New York: Vintage Books.
Sukardi.(2005). Metodelogi penelitian pendidikan, kompetensi dan prakteknya. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.
Tabrizi, F. M., Radfar, M., Taei, Z., F.M., T., &M., R. (2016). Effects of supportive-expressive discussion groups on loneliness, hope and quality of life in breast cancer survivors: a randomized control trial. Psycho-Oncology.25(9), 1057–1063.
Thompson, J., Coleman, R., Colwell, B., Freeman, J., Green, D., Holmes, K., ... Reed, M. (2014). Preparing breast cancer patients for survivorship: A pilot study of a patient-centred supportive group visit intervention. European Journal of Oncology Nursing.18(1), 10–16.
Videbeck, S. L. (2008). Buku ajar keperawatan jiwa. Jakarta: EGC.
Wardiyah, A., Afiyanti, Y.,dan Tri Budiati. (2014) Faktor yang mempengaruhi optimisme kesembuhan pada pasien kanker payudara. Jurnal Keperawatan.5(2),121-127.
Yulianti, R., Rochmawati, D., dan Purnomo. (2015). Pengaruh cognitive therapy pada pasien gagal ginjal kronis di SMC RS Telogorejo. JurnalIlmu Keperawatan dan Kebidanan (JIKK).2(3),123-133.
Zamaniyan, S., Bolhari, J., Naziri, G., Akrami, M., & Hosseini, S. (2016). Effectiveness of Spiritual Group Therapy on Quality of Life and Spiritual Well-Being among Patients with Breast Cancer.Iranian journal of medical sciences.41(2), 140–144.

References

Amanah, S. (2016). Hubungan antara optimismedengan kualitas hidup pada pasien gagal ginjal kronis yang menjalani hemodialisa. (Skripsi, tidak diterbitkan). Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Andaryati,A., Uyun, Q., & Sulistyarini, I. (2017). Terapi kelompok dukungan untuk meningkatkan resiliensi pasien gagal ginjal kronik yang menjalani hemodialisa. (Tesis, tidak diterbitkan). Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Applebaum, A. J., Stein, E. M., Lord-Bessen, J., Pessin, H., Rosenfeld, B., & Breitbart, W. (2014). Optimism, social support, and mental health outcomes in patients with advanced cancer: Optimism, social support, and advanced cancer.Psycho-Oncology,23(3), 299-306.

Brabender, V.A., Fallon, A.E., & Smolar, A.I. (2004). Essential of group therapy. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Carver, C.S., Scheier, M.F., & Segerstrom, S.C. (2010). Optimism. ClinicalPsychology Review, 30, 879-889.

Carver, C. S., danScheier, M. F. (2001). Optimism and pessimism: Implications for theory, research and practice. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.

Chang, E. C. (2009). An examination of optimism, pessimism, and performance perfectionism as predictors of positive psychological functioning in middle-aged adults: Does holding high standards of performance matter beyond generalized outcome expectancies?Cognitive Therapy and Research,33(3), 334-344.

Chang, E., Daly, J., & Elliott D. (2010). Patofisiologi aplikasi pada praktik keperawatan. Jakarta: Buku Kedokteran EGC.

Corey, G. (2010). Theory and practice of group counselling (8th edition). Belmont, CA, USA: Brooks/Cole, Cengage Learning

Daraei, M., &Ghaderi, A. R. (2012). Impact of education on optimism/pessimism. Journal of the Indian Academy of Applied Psychology, 38(2), 339-343

Dowlatabadi, M. M.,Ahmadi, S. M.,Sorbi, M. H.,Beiki, O.,Razavi, T. K.,& Bidaki, R.(2016). Theeffectiveness of group positive psychotherapy on depression and happiness in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial. Electronic Physician, vol 8 (3):2175-80.

Finck, C., Barradas, S., Zenger, M., & Hinz, A. (2018). Quality of life in breast cancer patients : Associations with optimism and social support. International Journal of Clinical and Health Psychology, 18(1), 27–34.

Gillham, J. E., Shatté, A. J., Reivich, K. J., & Seligman, M. E. P. (2001). Optimism, pessimism, and explanatory style.In E. C. Chang (Ed.),Optimism & pessimism: Implications for theory, research, and practice(pp. 53-75). Washington, DC, American Psychological Association.

Van den Heuvel, E. T.,Witte, L. P.,Stewart, R. E.,Schure, L. M.,Sanderman, R.,Meyboom-de Jong, B.(2002). Long-term Effect of A Group Support Program and An Individual Support Program for Informal Caregivers of Stroke Patients: Which Caregivers Benefit Most? Journal of Patient Education and Counseling,47, 291-299.

Indonesian Renal Registry (IRR). (2016). 7th Report of Indonesian renal registry. Diunduh pada 15 November 2018, dari: https://www.indonesianrenalregistry.org/data/INDONESIAN%20RENAL%20REGISTRY%202014.pdf.

Jariyah, S. (2016). Terapi kelompok dukungan untuk meningkatkan penerimaan orang tua yang anaknya autis.(Tesistidak diterbitkan). Fakultas Psikologi dan Ilmu Sosial Budaya, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Kurniawan, Y. (2015). Terapi kelompok pendukung pada orang tua pasien talassemia. (Tesistidak diterbitkan). Fakultas Psikologi dan Ilmu Sosial Budaya, Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Kauff, P. F. (2017). Psychoanalytic Group Psychotherapy. International Journal of Group Psychotherapy.67(1), 91–98.

Levi, O., Shoval-zuckerman, Y., Fruchter, E., Bibi, A., Bar-haim, Y., Wald, I., &Force, I. D. (2017). Benefits of a Psychodynamic Group Therapy (PGT) Model for Treating Veterans With PTSD. Journal of Clinical Psychology, 73(10), 1247–1258.

Millah, F. N. (2016). Hubungan antara optimisme dengan kualitas hidup pada pasien diabetes melitus. (Skripsitidak diterbitkan). Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

National Kidney Disease Education Program (NKDEP). (2014). Chronic kidney disease and diet: assesment management and treatment. Diunduh pada 12 Oktober 2018, dari: https://www.niddk.nih.gov/-/media/Files/Health-Information/Communication-Programs/NKDEP/ckd-diet-assess-manage-treat-508.pdf

Pender, N. J., Murdaugh, C. L., & Parsons, M. A. (2002). Health promotion innursing practice. (4thed.). New Jersey: Pearson.

Price, S. A. (2006). Patofisiologi Konsep Klinis Proses-proses Penyakit. Jakarta: Kedokteran EGC.

Rajandram, R. K., Ho, S. M., Samman, N., Chan, N., McGrath, C., & Zwahlen, R. A. (2011). Interaction of hope and optimism with anxiety and depression in a specific group of cancer survivors: A preliminary study.BMC Research Notes,4(1), 519-519.

Rahman, A.R., Rudiansyah, M., & Triawanti, T. (2013). Hubungan antara adekuasi hemodialisis dan kualitas hidup pasien di RSUD Ulin Banjarmasin. Berkala Kedokteran.9(2), 151–160.

Safitri, A. H., & Dewi, D. S. E. (2014). Deskripsi tingkat harapan pada penderita gagal ginjal kronik di RSU Prof Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Psycho Idea.12(1), 47–53.

Sarafino, E.P. (2002). Health psychology biopsychological interaction, 2nd edition. New John Wiley and Sons

Sari, R. (2009). Dukungan sosial pada pasien kanker payudara di masa dewasa tengah. (Skripsi,tidak diterbitkan). Universitas Gunadarma,Jakarta, Indonesia.

Scheier, M. F., &Carver, C. S.(1985). Optimism, coping, and health: assessment and implication of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychology.4(3), 219-247

Seidel, U. K., Gronewold, J., Volsek, M., Todica, O., Kribben, A., Bruck, H., & Hermann, D. M. (2014). Physical, cognitive and emotional factors contributing to quality of life, functional health and participation in community dwelling in chronic kidney disease.PLoS One,9(3): e91176

Seligman, M. E. P. (2006). Learned optimism: how to change your mind and yourlife. New York: Vintage Books.

Sukardi.(2005). Metodelogi penelitian pendidikan, kompetensi dan prakteknya. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara.

Tabrizi, F. M., Radfar, M., Taei, Z., F.M., T., &M., R. (2016). Effects of supportive-expressive discussion groups on loneliness, hope and quality of life in breast cancer survivors: a randomized control trial. Psycho-Oncology.25(9), 1057–1063.

Thompson, J., Coleman, R., Colwell, B., Freeman, J., Green, D., Holmes, K., ... Reed, M. (2014). Preparing breast cancer patients for survivorship: A pilot study of a patient-centred supportive group visit intervention. European Journal of Oncology Nursing.18(1), 10–16.

Videbeck, S. L. (2008). Buku ajar keperawatan jiwa. Jakarta: EGC.

Wardiyah, A., Afiyanti, Y.,dan Tri Budiati. (2014) Faktor yang mempengaruhi optimisme kesembuhan pada pasien kanker payudara. Jurnal Keperawatan.5(2),121-127.

Yulianti, R., Rochmawati, D., dan Purnomo. (2015). Pengaruh cognitive therapy pada pasien gagal ginjal kronis di SMC RS Telogorejo. JurnalIlmu Keperawatan dan Kebidanan (JIKK).2(3),123-133.

Zamaniyan, S., Bolhari, J., Naziri, G., Akrami, M., & Hosseini, S. (2016). Effectiveness of Spiritual Group Therapy on Quality of Life and Spiritual Well-Being among Patients with Breast Cancer.Iranian journal of medical sciences.41(2), 140–144.

PENGARUH TERAPI KELOMPOK SUPORTIF UNTUK MENINGKATKAN OPTIMISME PADA PASIEN GAGAL GINJAL KRONIK YANG MENJALANI HEMODIALISIS

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