Membangun Body Image Melalui Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) pada Pasien Kanker Payudara

Ria Rizki Utami; Iswinarti Iswinarti; Djudiah Djudiah

doi:10.20885/intervensipsikologi.vol12.iss1.art2

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February 8, 2020

Accepted

May 27, 2020

Published

May 30, 2020

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Abstract

Post-treatment for cancer patients have an impact on psychological discomfort, changes in lifestyle, fear and anxiety. One effect that often arises in breast cancer patients is a negative assessment of post-masectomy appearance such as breast removal. Development of body image problems related to low self acceptance in cancer patients. Interventions used to build a positive body image through acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) in breast cancer patients. The design of study used a pretest-post-test control group design and the subjects involved in this study were breast cancer patients who were undergoing treatment at the age range of 30-50 years and had low score on body image scale. The data analysis method uses non-parametric analysis (Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney test) with SPSS. The results showed that ACT had an influence on body image in breast cancer patients. That is, ACT is able to build a positive body image in breast cancer patients

Keywords

Acceptance and commitment (ACT) body image breast cancer

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Author Biographies

Ria Rizki Utami, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Magister Psikologi Profesi

Iswinarti Iswinarti, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Magister Psikologi Profesi

Djudiah Djudiah, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Magister Psikologi Profesi

How to Cite

Utami, R. R., Iswinarti, I., & Djudiah, D. (2020). Membangun Body Image Melalui Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) pada Pasien Kanker Payudara. JIP (Jurnal Intervensi Psikologi), 12(1), 13–26. https://doi.org/10.20885/intervensipsikologi.vol12.iss1.art2

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References

Al-Azri, M., Al-Awisi, H., Al-Rasbi, S., El-Shafie, K., Al-Hinai, M., Al-Habsi, H., & Al-Moundhri, M. (2014). Psychosocial impact of breast cancer diagnosis among Omani women. Oman Medical Journal, 29(6), 437–444. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2014.115.
Al-Azri, M. H., Al-Awisi, H., Al-Rasbi, S., & Al-Moundhri, M. (2013). Coping with a diagnosis of breast cancer among Omani women. Journal of Health Psychology, 19(7). https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105313479813.
Allen, K. L., Byrne, S. M., & Crosby, R. D. (2015). Distinguishing between risk factors for bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and purging disorder. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(8), 1580–1591. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-014-0186-8.
Arch, J. J., & Mitchell, J. L. (2016). An acceptance and commitment therapy ( ACT ) group intervention for cancer survivors experiencing anxiety at re-entry. Psycho-Oncoloy, 25(5), 610–615.https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.3890.
Bailey, K. A., Gammage, K. L., Ingen, C. Van, & Ditor, D. S. (2015). “ It ’ s all about acceptance ”: A qualitative study exploring a model of positive body image for people with spinal cord injury. Body Image, 15, 24–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.04.010.
Bates, G. (2016). Intimacy, body image, and cancer. JAMA Oncology, 2(12), 1667. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.1196.
Bernard, M.E., (2013). The strength of self-acceptance: Theory, practice and research.New York: Springer. DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-6806-6.
Bohon, C., Stice, E., & Burton, E. (2010). Mantenance factors for persistance of bilic pathology: A prospective natural history study. International Journal Eat Disorder, 42(2), 173–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20600.
Maintenance.Cash, T., &Smolak, L. (2011). Body image: A handbook of science, practice, and prevention, 2nd ed.(T. F. Cash & L. Smolak, Eds.), Body image: A handbook of science, practice, and prevention, 2nd ed.New York, NY, US: Guilford Press.
Cederberg, J. T., & Dahl, J. (2017). An acceptance-based intervention for children and adolescents with cancer experiencing acute pain a single-subject study. Journal of Pain Research, 10, 2195–2203.
Chen, S.-Q., Liu, J.-E., Zhang, Z.-X., & Li, Z. (2017). Self-acceptance and associated factors among Chinese women with breast cancer. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 26(11–12), 1516–1523. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13437.
Chen, W., Zheng, R., Baade, P. D., Zhang, S., & Zeng, H. (2016). Cancer statistics in China , 2015. CA:A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 66(2), 115–132. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21338.
Corder, G. W., & Foreman, D. I. (2014). Nonparametric statistics: a step-by-step approach(Secon Edit). New Jersey: Willey. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118165881.Creswell, J. W. (2010). Research design: pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan mixed. Yogjakarta: PT Pustaka Pelajar.
Datta, A., Aditya, C., Chakraborty, A., & Das, P. (2015). The potential utility of acceptance and commitment therapy(ACT) for reducing stress and improving wellbeing in cancer patients in Kolkata. JOurnal of Cancer Education, 31(4), 721–729. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-015-0935-8.
Feros, D. L., Lane, L., Ciarrochi,J., & Blackledge, J. T. (2011). Acceptance and commitment therapy ( ACT ) for improving the lives of cancer patients: a preliminary study. Psycho-Oncoloy, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.2083.
Fischer, D. J., & Fink, B. C. (2014). Clinical processes in behavioral couples therapy. Psychotherapy, 51(1), 11–14. https://doi.org/doi:10.1037/a0033823.
Givehki, R., Afshar, H., Goli, F., Scheidt, C. E., Omidi, A., Sciences, M., & Instructor, F. (2018). Effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on body image flexibility and body awareness in patients with psychosomatic disorders: a randomized clinical trial. Electronic Psysician, 10(7), 7008–7016.
Griffiths, C., Williamson, H., Zucchelli, F., Paraskeva, N., & Moss, T. (2018). A Systematic review of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for body image dissatisfaction and weight self-stigma in adults. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10879-018-9384-0.
Han, J., Grothuesmann, D., Neises, M., Hille, U., & Hillemanns, P. (2010). Quality of life and satisfaction after breast cancer operation. Gynecologic Oncology, 282, 75–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-009-1302-y.
Han, J., Liu, J., Su, Y., & Qiu, H. (2019). Effect of a group-based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) intervention on illness cognition in breast cancer patients. Journal of ContextualBehavior Science, 14(March), 73–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.09.003.
Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (2012). Acceptance and commitment therapy: The process and practice of mindful change, 2nd ed.Guilford Press. New York, NY, US: Guilford Press.
Hernandez, Pam Alfrey, "The right reflection: Improving women's self-acceptance" (2014). Master of Applied Positive Psychology (MAPP) Capstone Projects. 56.http://repository.upenn.edu/mapp_capstone/56
Hulbert, W. N. J., Storey, L., & Wilson, K. G. (2015). Psychological interventions for patients with cancer: psychological flexibility and the potential utility of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. European Journal of Cancer Care, 24(1), 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12223.
Hopwood P, Fletcher I, Lee A, Al Ghazal S. A body image scale for use with cancer patients.Eur J Cancer. 2001;37(2):189‐197.doi:10.1016/s0959-8049(00)00353-1
Ízci, F. Ílgün, A.S., Findikli, E., & Özmen, V. (2016). Psychiatric symptoms and psychosocial problems in patients with breast cancer. J Breast Health. 12(3): 94–101.Doi: 10.5152/tjbh.2016.3041.
Jansen, A., Voorwinde, V., Hoebink, Y., Rekkers, M., Martijn, C., & Mulkens, S. (2016). Mirror exposure to increase body satisfaction: Should we guide the focus of attention towards positively or negatively evaluated body parts? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 50, 90–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.06.002.
Kamen, C., Cosgrove, V., Mckellar, J., Cronkite, R., & Moos, R. (2011). Family support and depressive symptoms: A 23-year follow-up. Journal of ClinicalPsychology, 67(3), 215–223. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20765.
Kangas, M., Mcdonald, S., Williams, J. R., & Smee, R. I. (2015). Acceptance and commitment therapy program for distressed adults with a primary brain tumor: A case series study. Supportive Care in Cancer, 23(10), 2855–2859. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-015-2804-8.
Karekla, M., & Constantinou, M. (2010). Religious coping and cancer: Proposing an acceptance and commitment therapy approach. Cognitive and behavioral practice, 17(4), 371–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2009.08.003.
Kemkes.go.id. (2019). Hari kanker sedunia 2019. https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/view/19020100003/hari-kanker-sedunia-2019.htmldiakses 15/05/2020.
Liu, J., Xu, C., & Mahendran, R. (2017). Body image and emotional distress in newly diagnosed cancer patients: The mediating role of dysfunctional attitudes and rumination. Body Image, 20, 58–64.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.11.001.
Malik, A. A., & Kiran, T. (2013). Psychological problems in breast cancer patients: A review. Chemotherapy, 2(114). https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7700.1000115.
Marco, J. H., Perpiñá, C., & Botella, C. (2013). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy supported by virtual reality in the treatment of body image in eating disorders: One year follow-up. Psychiatry Research, 209(3), 619–625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2013.02.023.
Maryam, S. (2019). Hubungan body image dengan penerimaan diri mahasiswa putri relationship between body image and self-acceptance of female students. Jurnal Aplikasi IPTEK Indonesia, 3(3), 129–136.
Montesinos, F., Luciano, C., Almería, U. De, & Act, I. (2016). Acceptance of relapse fears in breast cancer patients: Effects of an act-based abridged intervention. Psicooncolodia, 13(1), 7–21. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev.
Naughton, M. J., & Weaver, K. E. (2014). Physical and mental health among cancer survivors: considerations for long-term care and quality of life. North Carolina Medical Journal, 75(4), 283–286. https://doi.org/10.18043/ncm.75.4.283.
Pearson, A. N., Follette, V. M., & Hayes, S. C. (2012). A pilot study of acceptanceand commitment therapy as a workshop intervention for body dissatisfaction and disordered eating attitudes.Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 19(1), 181–197.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2011.03.001
Najvani, B.D., Neshatdoost, H.T., Abedi, M.R., & Mokarian, F. (2015). The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on depression and psychological flexibility in women with breast cancer. Zahedan J Res Med Sci. 17(4):e965. DOI: http://sx.doi.org/10.17795/zjrms965.
Pop, C. (2016). Self-esteem and body image perception in a sample of university students. Eurasian Journal of Education Researh, (64), 31–44.
Przezdziecki, A., Sherman, K. A., Baillie, A., Taylor, A., Foley, E., & Stalgis-bilinski, K. (2013). My changed body: Breast cancer, body image, distress and self-compassion. Psycho-Oncoloy, 22(8), 1872–1879.
Rafiee, M., Sedrpoushan, N., & Abedi. M. R. (2014). The effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on reducing anxiety symptoms and body image dissatisfaction in obese women. Journal of Social Issues & Humanities, 2(1), 187-190.
Rosenberg, S. M., Tamimi, R. M., Gelber, S., Ruddy, K. J., Kereakoglow, S., Borges, V. F., ... Partridge, A. H. (2013). Body image in recently diagnosed young women with early breast cancer. Psyco-Oncology, 22, 1849–1855.
Rudiger, J. A., & Winstead, B. A. (2013). Body talk and body-related co-rumination: Associations with body image, eating attitudes, and psychological adjustment. Body Image, 10(4), 462–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.07.010.
Secinti, E., Tometich, D. B., Johns, S. A., & Mosher, C. E. (2019). The relationship between acceptance of cancer and distress: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 71(May), 27–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.05.001.
Su, J.-A., Yeh, D. Y., Chang, C. C., Lai, C., Hu, P., & Chin-hung, V. (2017). Depression and family support in breast cancer patients. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 13, 2389–2396.
Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. L. (2015). What is and what is not positive body image? Conceptual foundations and construct definition. Body Image, 14, 118–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.04.001.
Vasile, C. (2016). An evaluation of self-acceptance in adults. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 78, 605–609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.360.
Wood-barcalow, N. L., Tylka, T. L., & Augustus-horvath, C. L. (2010). ‘“ But I Like My Body ”’: Positive body image characteristics and a holistic model for young-adult women. Body Image, 7(2), 106–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.01.001.

References

Al-Azri, M., Al-Awisi, H., Al-Rasbi, S., El-Shafie, K., Al-Hinai, M., Al-Habsi, H., & Al-Moundhri, M. (2014). Psychosocial impact of breast cancer diagnosis among Omani women. Oman Medical Journal, 29(6), 437–444. https://doi.org/10.5001/omj.2014.115.

Al-Azri, M. H., Al-Awisi, H., Al-Rasbi, S., & Al-Moundhri, M. (2013). Coping with a diagnosis of breast cancer among Omani women. Journal of Health Psychology, 19(7). https://doi.org/10.1177/1359105313479813.

Allen, K. L., Byrne, S. M., & Crosby, R. D. (2015). Distinguishing between risk factors for bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and purging disorder. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 44(8), 1580–1591. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-014-0186-8.

Arch, J. J., & Mitchell, J. L. (2016). An acceptance and commitment therapy ( ACT ) group intervention for cancer survivors experiencing anxiety at re-entry. Psycho-Oncoloy, 25(5), 610–615.https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.3890.

Bailey, K. A., Gammage, K. L., Ingen, C. Van, & Ditor, D. S. (2015). “ It ’ s all about acceptance ”: A qualitative study exploring a model of positive body image for people with spinal cord injury. Body Image, 15, 24–34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.04.010.

Bates, G. (2016). Intimacy, body image, and cancer. JAMA Oncology, 2(12), 1667. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamaoncol.2016.1196.

Bernard, M.E., (2013). The strength of self-acceptance: Theory, practice and research.New York: Springer. DOI 10.1007/978-1-4614-6806-6.

Bohon, C., Stice, E., & Burton, E. (2010). Mantenance factors for persistance of bilic pathology: A prospective natural history study. International Journal Eat Disorder, 42(2), 173–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/eat.20600.

Maintenance.Cash, T., &Smolak, L. (2011). Body image: A handbook of science, practice, and prevention, 2nd ed.(T. F. Cash & L. Smolak, Eds.), Body image: A handbook of science, practice, and prevention, 2nd ed.New York, NY, US: Guilford Press.

Cederberg, J. T., & Dahl, J. (2017). An acceptance-based intervention for children and adolescents with cancer experiencing acute pain a single-subject study. Journal of Pain Research, 10, 2195–2203.

Chen, S.-Q., Liu, J.-E., Zhang, Z.-X., & Li, Z. (2017). Self-acceptance and associated factors among Chinese women with breast cancer. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 26(11–12), 1516–1523. https://doi.org/10.1111/jocn.13437.

Chen, W., Zheng, R., Baade, P. D., Zhang, S., & Zeng, H. (2016). Cancer statistics in China , 2015. CA:A Cancer Journal for Clinicians, 66(2), 115–132. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21338.

Corder, G. W., & Foreman, D. I. (2014). Nonparametric statistics: a step-by-step approach(Secon Edit). New Jersey: Willey. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781118165881.Creswell, J. W. (2010). Research design: pendekatan kualitatif, kuantitatif, dan mixed. Yogjakarta: PT Pustaka Pelajar.

Datta, A., Aditya, C., Chakraborty, A., & Das, P. (2015). The potential utility of acceptance and commitment therapy(ACT) for reducing stress and improving wellbeing in cancer patients in Kolkata. JOurnal of Cancer Education, 31(4), 721–729. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13187-015-0935-8.

Feros, D. L., Lane, L., Ciarrochi,J., & Blackledge, J. T. (2011). Acceptance and commitment therapy ( ACT ) for improving the lives of cancer patients: a preliminary study. Psycho-Oncoloy, 22(2). https://doi.org/10.1002/pon.2083.

Fischer, D. J., & Fink, B. C. (2014). Clinical processes in behavioral couples therapy. Psychotherapy, 51(1), 11–14. https://doi.org/doi:10.1037/a0033823.

Givehki, R., Afshar, H., Goli, F., Scheidt, C. E., Omidi, A., Sciences, M., & Instructor, F. (2018). Effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on body image flexibility and body awareness in patients with psychosomatic disorders: a randomized clinical trial. Electronic Psysician, 10(7), 7008–7016.

Griffiths, C., Williamson, H., Zucchelli, F., Paraskeva, N., & Moss, T. (2018). A Systematic review of the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) for body image dissatisfaction and weight self-stigma in adults. Journal of Contemporary Psychotherapy. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10879-018-9384-0.

Han, J., Grothuesmann, D., Neises, M., Hille, U., & Hillemanns, P. (2010). Quality of life and satisfaction after breast cancer operation. Gynecologic Oncology, 282, 75–82. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00404-009-1302-y.

Han, J., Liu, J., Su, Y., & Qiu, H. (2019). Effect of a group-based acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) intervention on illness cognition in breast cancer patients. Journal of ContextualBehavior Science, 14(March), 73–81. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.09.003.

Hayes, S. C., Strosahl, K. D., & Wilson, K. G. (2012). Acceptance and commitment therapy: The process and practice of mindful change, 2nd ed.Guilford Press. New York, NY, US: Guilford Press.

Hernandez, Pam Alfrey, "The right reflection: Improving women's self-acceptance" (2014). Master of Applied Positive Psychology (MAPP) Capstone Projects. 56.http://repository.upenn.edu/mapp_capstone/56

Hulbert, W. N. J., Storey, L., & Wilson, K. G. (2015). Psychological interventions for patients with cancer: psychological flexibility and the potential utility of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy. European Journal of Cancer Care, 24(1), 15–27. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecc.12223.

Hopwood P, Fletcher I, Lee A, Al Ghazal S. A body image scale for use with cancer patients.Eur J Cancer. 2001;37(2):189‐197.doi:10.1016/s0959-8049(00)00353-1

Ízci, F. Ílgün, A.S., Findikli, E., & Özmen, V. (2016). Psychiatric symptoms and psychosocial problems in patients with breast cancer. J Breast Health. 12(3): 94–101.Doi: 10.5152/tjbh.2016.3041.

Jansen, A., Voorwinde, V., Hoebink, Y., Rekkers, M., Martijn, C., & Mulkens, S. (2016). Mirror exposure to increase body satisfaction: Should we guide the focus of attention towards positively or negatively evaluated body parts? Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, 50, 90–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbtep.2015.06.002.

Kamen, C., Cosgrove, V., Mckellar, J., Cronkite, R., & Moos, R. (2011). Family support and depressive symptoms: A 23-year follow-up. Journal of ClinicalPsychology, 67(3), 215–223. https://doi.org/10.1002/jclp.20765.

Kangas, M., Mcdonald, S., Williams, J. R., & Smee, R. I. (2015). Acceptance and commitment therapy program for distressed adults with a primary brain tumor: A case series study. Supportive Care in Cancer, 23(10), 2855–2859. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00520-015-2804-8.

Karekla, M., & Constantinou, M. (2010). Religious coping and cancer: Proposing an acceptance and commitment therapy approach. Cognitive and behavioral practice, 17(4), 371–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2009.08.003.

Kemkes.go.id. (2019). Hari kanker sedunia 2019. https://www.kemkes.go.id/article/view/19020100003/hari-kanker-sedunia-2019.htmldiakses 15/05/2020.

Liu, J., Xu, C., & Mahendran, R. (2017). Body image and emotional distress in newly diagnosed cancer patients: The mediating role of dysfunctional attitudes and rumination. Body Image, 20, 58–64.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2016.11.001.

Malik, A. A., & Kiran, T. (2013). Psychological problems in breast cancer patients: A review. Chemotherapy, 2(114). https://doi.org/10.4172/2167-7700.1000115.

Marco, J. H., Perpiñá, C., & Botella, C. (2013). Effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy supported by virtual reality in the treatment of body image in eating disorders: One year follow-up. Psychiatry Research, 209(3), 619–625. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2013.02.023.

Maryam, S. (2019). Hubungan body image dengan penerimaan diri mahasiswa putri relationship between body image and self-acceptance of female students. Jurnal Aplikasi IPTEK Indonesia, 3(3), 129–136.

Montesinos, F., Luciano, C., Almería, U. De, & Act, I. (2016). Acceptance of relapse fears in breast cancer patients: Effects of an act-based abridged intervention. Psicooncolodia, 13(1), 7–21. https://doi.org/10.5209/rev.

Naughton, M. J., & Weaver, K. E. (2014). Physical and mental health among cancer survivors: considerations for long-term care and quality of life. North Carolina Medical Journal, 75(4), 283–286. https://doi.org/10.18043/ncm.75.4.283.

Pearson, A. N., Follette, V. M., & Hayes, S. C. (2012). A pilot study of acceptanceand commitment therapy as a workshop intervention for body dissatisfaction and disordered eating attitudes.Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 19(1), 181–197.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2011.03.001

Najvani, B.D., Neshatdoost, H.T., Abedi, M.R., & Mokarian, F. (2015). The effect of acceptance and commitment therapy on depression and psychological flexibility in women with breast cancer. Zahedan J Res Med Sci. 17(4):e965. DOI: http://sx.doi.org/10.17795/zjrms965.

Pop, C. (2016). Self-esteem and body image perception in a sample of university students. Eurasian Journal of Education Researh, (64), 31–44.

Przezdziecki, A., Sherman, K. A., Baillie, A., Taylor, A., Foley, E., & Stalgis-bilinski, K. (2013). My changed body: Breast cancer, body image, distress and self-compassion. Psycho-Oncoloy, 22(8), 1872–1879.

Rafiee, M., Sedrpoushan, N., & Abedi. M. R. (2014). The effect of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on reducing anxiety symptoms and body image dissatisfaction in obese women. Journal of Social Issues & Humanities, 2(1), 187-190.

Rosenberg, S. M., Tamimi, R. M., Gelber, S., Ruddy, K. J., Kereakoglow, S., Borges, V. F., ... Partridge, A. H. (2013). Body image in recently diagnosed young women with early breast cancer. Psyco-Oncology, 22, 1849–1855.

Rudiger, J. A., & Winstead, B. A. (2013). Body talk and body-related co-rumination: Associations with body image, eating attitudes, and psychological adjustment. Body Image, 10(4), 462–471. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2013.07.010.

Secinti, E., Tometich, D. B., Johns, S. A., & Mosher, C. E. (2019). The relationship between acceptance of cancer and distress: A meta-analytic review. Clinical Psychology Review, 71(May), 27–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.05.001.

Su, J.-A., Yeh, D. Y., Chang, C. C., Lai, C., Hu, P., & Chin-hung, V. (2017). Depression and family support in breast cancer patients. Neuropsychiatric Disease and Treatment, 13, 2389–2396.

Tylka, T. L., & Wood-Barcalow, N. L. (2015). What is and what is not positive body image? Conceptual foundations and construct definition. Body Image, 14, 118–129. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2015.04.001.

Vasile, C. (2016). An evaluation of self-acceptance in adults. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 78, 605–609. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.04.360.

Wood-barcalow, N. L., Tylka, T. L., & Augustus-horvath, C. L. (2010). ‘“ But I Like My Body ”’: Positive body image characteristics and a holistic model for young-adult women. Body Image, 7(2), 106–116. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2010.01.001.

Membangun Body Image Melalui Acceptance and Commitment Therapy (ACT) pada Pasien Kanker Payudara

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Ria Rizki Utami, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Iswinarti Iswinarti, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

Djudiah Djudiah, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang

References

References