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Abstract
Work motivation that becomes a drive for someone in completing their work is important to be maintained and improved. The purpose of this research was to determine the effectiveness of goal setting training to improve work motivation for employees. This study uses a pretest-posttest control group design. Subjects of this research were 24 employees of PT X Sragen, which is divided into experimental and control groups. Measurement of work motivation was using The Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale. The data results were analyzed by ANOVA mixed design analysis. The results of the interaction test work motivation scores between the experimental and control groups crossed with the score measurement time (pretest-posttest-follow up) showed an F-count value of 27,604 and a significance of 0,000 and partial eta squared 0,556 that means goal setting training is effective to increase work motivation on employees. Thus, employee can empower their clearer and more targeted goals to be more motivated at work..
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References
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- Crawford, E. R., LePine, J. A., & Rich, B. L. (2010). Linking job demands and resources to employee engagement and burnout: a theoretical extension and meta-analytic test. Journal of applied psychology, 95(5), 834.
- Cummings, T. G. & Worley, C. G. (2005). Organizational Development &Change, 9th ed. Canada:Cengange Learning
- Damayanti, S. (2016). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan motivasi kerja pegawai di rumah sakit umum daerah kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara Kalimantan Timur tahun 2014. Jurnal ARSI 2(2), 139-149
- Fornes, S. L., & Rocco, T. S. (2004). Commitment Elements Reframed (Antecedents & Consequences) for Organizational Effectiveness. Online Submission. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED492195.pdf
- Gagné, et.al. (2015). The Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale: Validation evidence in seven languages and nine countries. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 24(2), 178-196
- Gagne, M. & Deci, E. (2005). Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 331-362
- Ganta, V. C. (2014). Motivation in the workplace to improve employee performance. International Journal of Engineering Technology, Management, and Applied Science, 2(6), 221,230
- George, J.M. & Jones, G.R. (2012). Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior, 6th Ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall
- Goerg, S. (2015). Goal setting and worker motivation. IZA World of Labor, 178 , doi: 10.15185/izawol.178
- Kaymaz, K. (2011). Performance feedback: Individual based reflections and the effect on motivation. Business and Economic Research Journal, 2(4), 115-134
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- Larrick, R. P., C. Heath, and G. Wu.(2009). Goal induced risk taking in negotiation and decision making. Social Cognition, 27(3), 342–364.
- Latham, G.P. (2004). The motivational benefits of goal-setting. The Academy of Management Executive, 18, 126-129.
- Latham, G.P. (2007). Work Motivation: History, Theory, Research, And Practice. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications
- Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2002). Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: A 35-year odyssey. American psychologist, 57(9), 705
- Locke, E.A. & Latham, G.P. (2007). New Development in Goal Setting and Task Performance. United Kingdom: Routledge
- Lunenburg, F.C. (2011). Goal-setting theory of motivation. International Journal of Management, Business and Administration, 15(1), 1-6
- Marthouret, E. & Sigvardsson, S. (2016). The effect of quick feedback on employee motivation and performance. Thesis, Tidak Diterbitkan. Linköping University, Swedia.
- Miñambres, J.G. (2012). Motivation through goal setting. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33, 1223-1239
- Ngima, W. M., & Kyongo, J. (2013). Contribution of motivational management to employee performance. International Journal of Humanisties and Social Science, 3(14), 219-239
- Nguyen, M. L. (2017). The impact of employees motivation on organizational effectiveness. Tesis, Tidak Diterbitkan. Vaasa University of Applied Sciences, Vaasa, Finland.
- Onukwufor, J.N. & Ugwu, C.J. (2013). Counselling for employee motivation. Discourse Journal of Educational Research,1(2), 19-25.
- Persaud, N. (2010). Follow-up. In N. J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Research Design. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Publications
- Riggio, R.E. (2017). Introduction to Industrial/Organizational Psychology, 7th Ed. New York: Routledge
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- Shaughnessy, J.J., Zechmeister, E.B., & Zechmeister, J.S. (2012). Metode Penelitian dalam Psikologi. Jakarta: Salemba Humanika
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- Syah, M. E. (2016). Meningkatkan motivasi belajar bahasa Arab pada siswa sekolah menengah atas mellaui pelatihan goal-setting. Tesis, Tidak Diterbitkan. Fakultas Psikologi dan Ilmu Sosial Budaya Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta.
- Wahyudi, A. R. (2016). Hubungan antara motivasi intrinsik dan kepuasan kerja dengan organizational citizenship behavior pada karyawan pt. joglosemar Surakarta. Skripsi, Tidak Diterbitkan. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta.
- Widhiarso, W. (2011). Aplikasi Anava Campuran Untuk Desain Eksperimen Pre-Post Test Design. Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Gajah Mada
References
Aiken, L.W. (1985). Three coeficients for analyzing the reliability and validity of ratings. Educational and Psychological Measurements, 45, 131-145
Belay, K., Karippai, R.S., Alemu, D., Deressa A., & Yousouf J. (2012). Work motivaition and job performance of development agents in Ethiophia. Techinal Report of Ministry of Agriculture Ethiopia, doi: 10.13140/RG.2.1.3576.7766
Crawford, E. R., LePine, J. A., & Rich, B. L. (2010). Linking job demands and resources to employee engagement and burnout: a theoretical extension and meta-analytic test. Journal of applied psychology, 95(5), 834.
Cummings, T. G. & Worley, C. G. (2005). Organizational Development &Change, 9th ed. Canada:Cengange Learning
Damayanti, S. (2016). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan motivasi kerja pegawai di rumah sakit umum daerah kabupaten Penajam Paser Utara Kalimantan Timur tahun 2014. Jurnal ARSI 2(2), 139-149
Fornes, S. L., & Rocco, T. S. (2004). Commitment Elements Reframed (Antecedents & Consequences) for Organizational Effectiveness. Online Submission. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED492195.pdf
Gagné, et.al. (2015). The Multidimensional Work Motivation Scale: Validation evidence in seven languages and nine countries. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 24(2), 178-196
Gagne, M. & Deci, E. (2005). Self-determination theory and work motivation. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 26, 331-362
Ganta, V. C. (2014). Motivation in the workplace to improve employee performance. International Journal of Engineering Technology, Management, and Applied Science, 2(6), 221,230
George, J.M. & Jones, G.R. (2012). Understanding and Managing Organizational Behavior, 6th Ed. New Jersey: Prentice Hall
Goerg, S. (2015). Goal setting and worker motivation. IZA World of Labor, 178 , doi: 10.15185/izawol.178
Kaymaz, K. (2011). Performance feedback: Individual based reflections and the effect on motivation. Business and Economic Research Journal, 2(4), 115-134
Kurose,C. (2013). Motivation, behavior, and performance in the workplace. Article. The George Washington University. Retrieved from https://gsehd.gwu.edu/sites/default/files/documents/PUBLISHED_Kurose.pdf
Larrick, R. P., C. Heath, and G. Wu.(2009). Goal induced risk taking in negotiation and decision making. Social Cognition, 27(3), 342–364.
Latham, G.P. (2004). The motivational benefits of goal-setting. The Academy of Management Executive, 18, 126-129.
Latham, G.P. (2007). Work Motivation: History, Theory, Research, And Practice. Thousand Oaks, Calif.: Sage Publications
Locke, E. A., & Latham, G. P. (2002). Building a practically useful theory of goal setting and task motivation: A 35-year odyssey. American psychologist, 57(9), 705
Locke, E.A. & Latham, G.P. (2007). New Development in Goal Setting and Task Performance. United Kingdom: Routledge
Lunenburg, F.C. (2011). Goal-setting theory of motivation. International Journal of Management, Business and Administration, 15(1), 1-6
Marthouret, E. & Sigvardsson, S. (2016). The effect of quick feedback on employee motivation and performance. Thesis, Tidak Diterbitkan. Linköping University, Swedia.
Miñambres, J.G. (2012). Motivation through goal setting. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33, 1223-1239
Ngima, W. M., & Kyongo, J. (2013). Contribution of motivational management to employee performance. International Journal of Humanisties and Social Science, 3(14), 219-239
Nguyen, M. L. (2017). The impact of employees motivation on organizational effectiveness. Tesis, Tidak Diterbitkan. Vaasa University of Applied Sciences, Vaasa, Finland.
Onukwufor, J.N. & Ugwu, C.J. (2013). Counselling for employee motivation. Discourse Journal of Educational Research,1(2), 19-25.
Persaud, N. (2010). Follow-up. In N. J. Salkind (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Research Design. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.Publications
Riggio, R.E. (2017). Introduction to Industrial/Organizational Psychology, 7th Ed. New York: Routledge
Shadish, W.R., Cook, T.D., & Campbell, D.T. (2002). Experimental and Quasi-experimental Designs for Generalized Causal Inference. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Company
Shaughnessy, J.J., Zechmeister, E.B., & Zechmeister, J.S. (2012). Metode Penelitian dalam Psikologi. Jakarta: Salemba Humanika
Sulistiyono. (2015). Pengaruh komitmen organisasi dan motivasi kerja terhadap kinerja karyawan pt. danarhadi Surakarta. Skripsi, Tidak Diterbitkan. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta.
Syah, M. E. (2016). Meningkatkan motivasi belajar bahasa Arab pada siswa sekolah menengah atas mellaui pelatihan goal-setting. Tesis, Tidak Diterbitkan. Fakultas Psikologi dan Ilmu Sosial Budaya Universitas Islam Indonesia, Yogyakarta.
Wahyudi, A. R. (2016). Hubungan antara motivasi intrinsik dan kepuasan kerja dengan organizational citizenship behavior pada karyawan pt. joglosemar Surakarta. Skripsi, Tidak Diterbitkan. Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta.
Widhiarso, W. (2011). Aplikasi Anava Campuran Untuk Desain Eksperimen Pre-Post Test Design. Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Gajah Mada