Main Article Content
Abstract
Low‑code application platforms have emerged as an innovative solution for developing information systems that are fast, flexible, and easily adaptable to meet the demands of the Fourth Industrial Revolution (Industry 4.0). In Indonesia, this technology has attracted particular attention as it helps organizations address challenges such as limited skilled human resources and the need for substantial investment. With low‑code, applications can be developed with minimal coding—even by non‑technical users—through intuitive visual interfaces and drag‑and‑drop components. This accelerates development, reduces costs, and enhances efficiency, enabling organizations to adapt more quickly to changing business needs and remain competitive in the industry 4.0 era. This study analyzes the implementation of low‑code through a descriptive qualitative approach, using a case study at PT Partner Niaga Indonesia, Tangerang, and involving ten informants from diverse roles (CTO, application manager, QA engineer, and others). Thematic and SWOT analyses reveal that low‑code offers major strengths such as rapid development, cost efficiency, and productivity gains, while also presenting opportunities to support digital transformation in Indonesia. However, limitations in customization, security concerns, and integration with legacy systems remain significant challenges. The findings suggest that low‑code is an effective and efficient solution for organizations seeking to accelerate digitalization, with practical implications including the need for workforce training, strategies to mitigate technical debt, and careful vendor selection. The study is limited by the number of informants and its focus on a single company; future research should include quantitative assessments of cost–benefit impacts and comparative studies across different industrial sectors.
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Copyright (c) 2026 Methamazid Rusdi, Irving Vitra Paputungan

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References
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References
R. Sacks, M. Girolami, and I. Brilakis, “Building Information Modelling, Artificial Intelligence and Construction Tech,” Developments in the Built Environment, Volume 4, Article 100019, Pages 1–10, Elsevier, 23 December 2020. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2020.100019 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dibe.2020.100011
M. O. Ajimati, N. Carroll, and M. Maher, “Adoption of low-code and no-code development: A systematic literature review and future research agenda,” Journal of Systems and Software, Volume 222, Article 112300, Pages 1–25, Elsevier, 9 December 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2024. 112300
F. de Andrade Pereira, L. Paul, M. Pritoni, A. Casillas, A. Prakash, W. Huang, C. Shaw, S. Martin-Toral, D. Finn, and J. O’Donnell, “Enabling portable demand flexibility control applications in virtual and real buildings,” Journal of Building Engineering, Volume 86, Article 108645, Pages 1–20, Elsevier, 13 February 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j. jobe.2024.108645 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2024.108645
J. W. Creswell and C. N. Poth, Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches, Fifth Edition, 552 pages, SAGE Publications, Inc., February 2024.
E. M. Emeana, L. Trenchard, and K. Dehnen-Schmutz, “The revolution of mobile phone-enabled services for agricultural development (m-Agri services) in Africa: The challenges for sustainability,” Sustainability, Volume 12, Issue 2, Article 485, Pages 1–20, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 8 January 2020. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/ su12020485 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12020485
R. Domingues, M. Reis, M. Araújo, M. Marinho, and M. J. Silva, “Tracking technical debt in agile low code developments,” in Proceedings of the International Conference on Agile Software Development, Institute for Systems and Computer Engineering, Research and Development, Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, and Axians, 2024. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/cibse.2024.28450
Y. K. Dwivedi, L. Hughes, A. M. Baabdullah, S. Ribeiro-Navarrete, M. Giannakis, M. M. Al-Debei, D. Dennehy, B. Metri, D. Buhalis, C. M. K. Cheung, K. Conboy, R. Doyle, R. Dubey, V. Dutot, R. Felix, D. P. Goyal, A. Gustafsson, C. Hinsch, I. Jebabbli, M. Janssen, and S. F. Wamba, “Metaverse beyond the hype: Multidisciplinary perspectives on emerging challenges, opportunities, and agenda for research, practice and policy,” International Journal of Information Management, Volume 66, Article 102542, Pages 1–30, Elsevier, October 2022. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102542 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2022.102542
A. Fuller, Z. Fan, C. Day, and C. Barlow, “Digital Twin: Enabling technologies, challenges and open research,” IEEE Access, Volume 8, Pages 108952–108971, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2992341 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2998358
E. Gürel and M. Tat, “SWOT analysis: A theoretical review,” Journal of International Social Research, Volume 10, Issue 51, Pages 994–1006, Yaşar University, January 2017. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2017.1832 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17719/jisr.2017.1832
M. R. Rabbani, S. Khan, and E. I. Thalassinos, “FinTech, Blockchain and Islamic finance: An extensive literature review,” International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, Volume VIII, Issue 2, Pages 65–86, International Journal of Economics and Business Administration, 2020. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.35808/ijeba/444 DOI: https://doi.org/10.35808/ijeba/444
R. H. Putra, M. R. Sutjipto, A. Widodo, and S. Kuntadi, “Business ecosystem architecture development: A case study of IoT business in the transportation industry,” Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Economy and Management Study, Volume 5, Issue 3, Pages 65–80, Asian Multicultural Research Studies, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.47616/ jamrems.v5i3.536 DOI: https://doi.org/10.47616/jamrems.v5i3.536
S. Käss, S. Strahringer, and M. Westner, “Practitioners’ perceptions on the adoption of low code development platforms,” IEEE Access, Volume 11, Pages 123456–123470, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3258539
F. Liu, Y. Cui, C. Masouros, J. Xu, T. X. Han, and Y. C. Eldar, “Integrated sensing and communications: Toward dual-functional wireless networks for 6G and beyond,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Volume 40, Issue 6, Pages 1728–1767, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, June 2022. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2022.3152035 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JSAC.2022.3156632
Y. Luo, “Improving software quality using an ontology-based approach,” Doctor of Philosophy dissertation, Department of Computer Science, Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College, Baton Rouge, LA, USA, April 2010. [Online]. Available: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_ dissertations/1223
K. Lyytinen, H. Topi, and J. Tang, “MaCuDE IS Task Force Phase II Report: Views of industry leaders on big data analytics and AI,” Communications of the Association for Information Systems, Volume 52, Pages 1–25, Association for Information Systems, 2023. DOI: https://doi.org/10.17705/1CAIS.05217
R. Minerva, G. M. Lee, and N. Crespi, “Digital twin in the IoT context: A survey on technical features, scenarios, and architectural models,” IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, Volume 22, Issue 3, Pages 1672–1689, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2020.
M. Q. Patton, Qualitative Research & Evaluation Methods: Integrating Theory and Practice, Fourth Edition, 832 pages, SAGE Publications, Inc., January 2015.
Z. Shi, J. Dong, and Y. Gan, “Democratizing digital transformation: A multisector study of low-code adoption patterns, limitations, and emerging paradigms,” Applied Sciences, Volume 15, Issue 12, Article 6481, Pages 1–20, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 9 June 2025. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126481
Z. Shi, J. Dong, and Y. Gan, “Democratizing digital transformation: A multisector study of low-code adoption patterns, limitations, and emerging paradigms,” Applied Sciences, Volume 15, Issue 12, Article 6481, Pages 1–20, Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute, 9 June 2025. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126481 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/app15126481
R. S. K. W. Kankanamge, “How low-code approaches are changing the ERP applications – pros and cons,” Master’s thesis, Master’s Programme in Software Engineering and Digital Transformation, Lappeenranta–Lahti University of Technology LUT, Lappeenranta, Finland, 2024.
Y. Jingchua, T. Wongkumchai, U. Chaiwiwat, and C. Soprakarn, “The influencing factors affecting low-code technology adoption: A case study of the small and medium-sized advertising agencies in China,” Asian Journal of Local Development, Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages 85–102, สถาบันวิชาการเพื่อพัฒนาท้องถิ่น, 2024. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.14456/ajfld.2024.9
M. O. Ajimati, N. Carroll, and M. Maher, “Adoption of low-code and no-code development: A systematic literature review and future research agenda, ”Journal of Systems and Software, Volume 222, Article 112300, Pages 1–25, Elsevier, April 2025. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2025. 112300 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jss.2024.112300
J. Mendling, I. Weber, W. Van Der Aalst, J. Vom Brocke, C. Cabanillas, F. Daniel, S. Debois, C. Di Ciccio, M. Dumas, S. Dustdar, et al., “Blockchains for business process management – Challenges and opportunities,” ACM Transactions on Management Information Systems, Volume 9, Issue 1, Article No. 4, Pages 1–16, Association for Computing Machinery, 26 February 2018. [Online]. Available: https://doi.org/10.1145/ 3183367 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1145/3183367