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Abstract
Aktivitas fisik merupakan komponen esensial bagi kesehatan. Sejak awal tahun 2020, infeksi COVID-19 telah dinyatakan sebagai pandemi sehingga aktivitas fisik masyarakat, termasuk anak dan remaja, menjadi terbatas. Pada tinjauan sistematis ini bertujuan untuk menelusuri pengaruh pandemi COVID-19 terhadap penurunan aktivitas fisik pada anak dan remaja. Dilakukan pencarian literatur pada pada PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane library, and Google Scholar. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah “physical activity AND children AND COVID-19”. Strategi pencarian literatur disajikan dalam bentuk diagram alir. Terdapat 8 studi yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi. Hasil systematic review disajikan dalam format tabular. Hasil pencarian literatur menunjukkan penurunan aktivitas fisik serta peningkatan kebiasaan hidup sedenter pada populasi anak dan remaja. Dibutuhkan intervensi pada keluarga serta pembuatan kebijakan yang mengakomodasi kebutuhan aktivitas fisik pada anak dan remaja.
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References
- Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson GM. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep. 1985;100:126–31.
- Thivel D, Tremblay A, Genin PM, et al. Physical Activity, Inactivity, and Sedentary Behaviors: Definitions and Implications in Occupational Health. Front Public Health. 2018;6:288.
- Campbell JP, Turner JE. Debunking the Myth of Exercise-Induced Immune Suppression: Redefining the Impact of Exercise on Immunological Health Across the Lifespan. Front Immunol. 2018;9:648.
- Kahn EB, Ramsey LT, Brownson RC, et al. The effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity. A systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2002;22:73-107.
- Bélanger M, Gray-Donald K, O'Loughlin J, Paradis G, Hanley J. When adolescents drop the ball: sustainability of physical activity in youth. Am J Prev Med. 2009;37(1):41-49.
- Riddoch CJ, Bo Andersen L, Wedderkopp N, et al. Physical activity levels and patterns of 9- and 15-yr-old European children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36(1):86-92.
- Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1·6 million participants. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2020;4(1):23-35.
- Miljanovic Damjanovic V, Obradovic Salcin L, Zenic N, Foretic N, Liposek S. Identifying Predictors of Changes in Physical Activity Level in Adolescence: A Prospective Analysis in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(14):2573.
- Štefan L, Mišigoj-Durakovi´c M, Devrnja A, et al. Tracking of physical activity, sport participation, and sedentary behaviors over four years of high school. Sustainability. 2018;10(9):3104.
- Telama R. Tracking of physical activity from childhood to adulthood: A review. Obes. Facts. 2009;2(3):187–195.
- Heinrich KM, Haddock CK, Jitnarin N, et al. Perceptions of important characteristics of physical activity facilities: Implications for engagement in walking, moderate and vigorous physical activity. Public Health. 2017;5:319.
- Messing S, Rütten A, Abu-Omar K, et al. How Can Physical Activity Be Promoted Among Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review of Reviews across Settings. Public Health. 2019;7:55.
- Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Bio-Med. 2020;91(1):157–60.
- Bedford J, Enria D, Giesecke J, et al. COVID-19: Towards controlling of a pandemic. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1015–8.
- Ammar A, Brach M, Trabelsi K, et al. Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement on Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 International Online Survey. Nutrients. 2020;12(6):1583.
- Dunton GF, Do B, Wang SD. Early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and sedentary behavior in children living in the U.S. BMC Public Health. 2020 Sep 4;20(1):1351.
- Schmidt SCE, Anedda B, Burchartz A, Eichsteller A, Kolb S, Nigg C, Niessner C, Oriwol D, Worth A, Woll A. Physical activity and screen time of children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: a natural experiment. Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 11;10(1):21780.
- Medrano M, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Oses M, et al. Changes in lifestyle behaviours during the COVID-19 confinement in Spanish children: A longitudinal analysis from the MUGI project. Pediatr Obes. 2021 Apr;16(4):12731
- Moore SA, Faulkner G, Rhodes RE, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: a national survey. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020 Jul 6;17(1):85.
- López-Bueno R, López-Sánchez GF, Casajús JA, et al. Health-related behaviors among school-aged children and adolescents during the spanish covid-19 confinement. Front Pediatr. 2020 Sep 11;8:573.
- Munasinghe S, Sperandei S, Freebairn L, et al. The impact of physical distancing policies during the covid-19 pandemic on health and well-being among australian adolescents. J Adolesc Health. 2020 Nov;67(5):653-661.
- Gilic B, Ostojic L, Corluka M, Volaric T, Sekulic D. Contextualizing parental/familial influence on physical activity in adolescents before and during covid-19 pandemic: a prospective analysis. children (basel). 2020 Sep 3;7(9):125.
- Ruíz-Roso MB, de Carvalho Padilha P, Matilla-Escalante DC, et al. Changes of physical activity and ultra-processed food consumption in adolescents from different countries during covid-19 pandemic: an observational study. Nutrients. 2020 Jul 30;12(8):2289.
- Stork S, Sanders SW. Physical education in early childhood. The Elementary School Journal. 2008;108:197-206.
References
Caspersen CJ, Powell KE, Christenson GM. Physical activity, exercise, and physical fitness: Definitions and distinctions for health-related research. Public Health Rep. 1985;100:126–31.
Thivel D, Tremblay A, Genin PM, et al. Physical Activity, Inactivity, and Sedentary Behaviors: Definitions and Implications in Occupational Health. Front Public Health. 2018;6:288.
Campbell JP, Turner JE. Debunking the Myth of Exercise-Induced Immune Suppression: Redefining the Impact of Exercise on Immunological Health Across the Lifespan. Front Immunol. 2018;9:648.
Kahn EB, Ramsey LT, Brownson RC, et al. The effectiveness of interventions to increase physical activity. A systematic review. Am J Prev Med. 2002;22:73-107.
Bélanger M, Gray-Donald K, O'Loughlin J, Paradis G, Hanley J. When adolescents drop the ball: sustainability of physical activity in youth. Am J Prev Med. 2009;37(1):41-49.
Riddoch CJ, Bo Andersen L, Wedderkopp N, et al. Physical activity levels and patterns of 9- and 15-yr-old European children. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2004;36(1):86-92.
Guthold R, Stevens GA, Riley LM, Bull FC. Global trends in insufficient physical activity among adolescents: a pooled analysis of 298 population-based surveys with 1·6 million participants. Lancet Child Adolesc Health. 2020;4(1):23-35.
Miljanovic Damjanovic V, Obradovic Salcin L, Zenic N, Foretic N, Liposek S. Identifying Predictors of Changes in Physical Activity Level in Adolescence: A Prospective Analysis in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(14):2573.
Štefan L, Mišigoj-Durakovi´c M, Devrnja A, et al. Tracking of physical activity, sport participation, and sedentary behaviors over four years of high school. Sustainability. 2018;10(9):3104.
Telama R. Tracking of physical activity from childhood to adulthood: A review. Obes. Facts. 2009;2(3):187–195.
Heinrich KM, Haddock CK, Jitnarin N, et al. Perceptions of important characteristics of physical activity facilities: Implications for engagement in walking, moderate and vigorous physical activity. Public Health. 2017;5:319.
Messing S, Rütten A, Abu-Omar K, et al. How Can Physical Activity Be Promoted Among Children and Adolescents? A Systematic Review of Reviews across Settings. Public Health. 2019;7:55.
Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Bio-Med. 2020;91(1):157–60.
Bedford J, Enria D, Giesecke J, et al. COVID-19: Towards controlling of a pandemic. Lancet. 2020;395(10229):1015–8.
Ammar A, Brach M, Trabelsi K, et al. Effects of COVID-19 Home Confinement on Eating Behaviour and Physical Activity: Results of the ECLB-COVID19 International Online Survey. Nutrients. 2020;12(6):1583.
Dunton GF, Do B, Wang SD. Early effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on physical activity and sedentary behavior in children living in the U.S. BMC Public Health. 2020 Sep 4;20(1):1351.
Schmidt SCE, Anedda B, Burchartz A, Eichsteller A, Kolb S, Nigg C, Niessner C, Oriwol D, Worth A, Woll A. Physical activity and screen time of children and adolescents before and during the COVID-19 lockdown in Germany: a natural experiment. Sci Rep. 2020 Dec 11;10(1):21780.
Medrano M, Cadenas-Sanchez C, Oses M, et al. Changes in lifestyle behaviours during the COVID-19 confinement in Spanish children: A longitudinal analysis from the MUGI project. Pediatr Obes. 2021 Apr;16(4):12731
Moore SA, Faulkner G, Rhodes RE, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 virus outbreak on movement and play behaviours of Canadian children and youth: a national survey. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2020 Jul 6;17(1):85.
López-Bueno R, López-Sánchez GF, Casajús JA, et al. Health-related behaviors among school-aged children and adolescents during the spanish covid-19 confinement. Front Pediatr. 2020 Sep 11;8:573.
Munasinghe S, Sperandei S, Freebairn L, et al. The impact of physical distancing policies during the covid-19 pandemic on health and well-being among australian adolescents. J Adolesc Health. 2020 Nov;67(5):653-661.
Gilic B, Ostojic L, Corluka M, Volaric T, Sekulic D. Contextualizing parental/familial influence on physical activity in adolescents before and during covid-19 pandemic: a prospective analysis. children (basel). 2020 Sep 3;7(9):125.
Ruíz-Roso MB, de Carvalho Padilha P, Matilla-Escalante DC, et al. Changes of physical activity and ultra-processed food consumption in adolescents from different countries during covid-19 pandemic: an observational study. Nutrients. 2020 Jul 30;12(8):2289.
Stork S, Sanders SW. Physical education in early childhood. The Elementary School Journal. 2008;108:197-206.