Main Article Content
Abstract
Cancer remains one of the diseases with increasing number of sufferers, but research on compounds that act as anti-cancer is also ongoing. Terpenoids have been known as a compound that can inhibit the proliferation of cancer cells. One of the medical plants that produce terpenoids is Jarak cina (Jatropha multifida Linn.). Therefore, the possibility of Jarak cina (Jatropha multifida Linn.) to have an cytotoxic activity on cancer cell proliferation is reasonably high. This study was conducted to determine the cytotoxic activity of Jarak cina (Jatropha multifida Linn.) bark extracts against cancer cell MCF-7. Jarak cina bark was extracted using the multilevel soxhlet extraction method with n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and ethanol as the solvents. All the three extracts were then tested against MCF-7 cancer cells using MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) - 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) method. Data analysis was performed for IC50 (ppm) parameter. The results showed that the IC50 of n-hexane extract was 313.21 ppm, while the ethyl acetate extract reached 258.38 ppm of IC50, and the IC50 of ethanol extract was 418.51 ppm. The highest potential of cytotoxicity was found in the ethyl acetate extract, so further testing would be required to optimize the proliferation inhibitory activity.
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References
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- I.M.o. Health, Situasi Penyakit Kanker Buletin Jendela: Data dan Informasi Kesehatan (2015).
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- H. Yang, Q.P. Dou, Targeting Apoptosis Pathway with Natural Terpenoids: Implications for Treatment of Breast and Prostate Cancer, Current Drug Targets 11 (2010) 733-744.
- S.H. Sharma, S. Thulasingam, S. Nagarajan, Terpenoids as anti-colon cancer agents – A comprehensive review on its mechanistic perspectives, European Journal of Pharmacology 795 (2017) 169-178.
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- E. Oskoueian, N. Abdullah, W.Z. Saad, A.R. Omar, S. Ahmad, W.B. Kuan, N.A. Zolkifli, R. Hendra, Y.W. Ho, Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of methanolic extracts from Jatropha curcas Linn., Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5(1) (2011) 49-57.
- A. Alaklabi, I.A. Arif, A. Ahamed, R. Surendra Kumar, A. Idhayadhulla, Evaluation of antioxidant and anticancer activities of chemical constituents of the Saururus chinensis root extracts, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 25(7) (2018) 1387-1392.
- M. Mellado, M. Soto, A. Madrid, I. Montenegro, C. Jara-Gutiérrez, J. Villena, E. Werner, P. Godoy, L.F. Aguilar, In vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative effect of the extracts of Ephedra chilensis K Presl aerial parts, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 19(1) (2019) 53.
- J.M. Dixcy Jaba Sheeba, C.M. Mohan, H. Marine, D. Gauri, K. Neeraj, L. Anil Mukund, Estrogen-regulated extracellular matrix remodeling genes in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, Gene Reports 3 (2016) 14-21.
- P. Tiwari, B. Kumar, M. Kaur, G. Kaur, H. Kaur, Phytochemical screening and Extraction: A Review, Internationale Pharmaceutica Sciencia 1(1) (2011) 98-106.
- S. Falah, D. Haryadi, P.A. Kurniatin, S. Syaefudin, Komponen fitokimia ekstrak daun suren (Toona sinensis) serta uji sitotoksisitasnya terhadap sel Vero dan MCF-7, Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia 13(2) (2015) 174-180.
References
A.C. Society, Global Cancer Facts & Figures 3rd Edition, American Cancer Society, Atlanta (2015).
I.M.o. Health, Situasi Penyakit Kanker Buletin Jendela: Data dan Informasi Kesehatan (2015).
J. O’Donnell-Tormey, M. Tontonoz, Cancer and The Immune System: The Vital Connection, Cancer Research Institute (2016) 7-8.
A.K. Abbas, A.H. Lichtman, S. Pillai, Basic Immunology E-Book: Functions and Disorders of the Immune System, Elsevier Health Sciences2015.
R.J. Thoppil, A. Bishayee, Terpenoids as potential chemopreventive and therapeutic agents in liver cancer, World J Hepatol 3(9) (2011) 228-49.
M. Huang, J.-J. Lu, M.-Q. Huang, J.-L. Bao, X.-P. Chen, Y.-T. Wang, Terpenoids: natural products for cancer therapy, Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs 21(12) (2012) 1801-1818.
H. Yang, Q.P. Dou, Targeting Apoptosis Pathway with Natural Terpenoids: Implications for Treatment of Breast and Prostate Cancer, Current Drug Targets 11 (2010) 733-744.
S.H. Sharma, S. Thulasingam, S. Nagarajan, Terpenoids as anti-colon cancer agents – A comprehensive review on its mechanistic perspectives, European Journal of Pharmacology 795 (2017) 169-178.
B. Das, K.R. Reddy, B. Ravikanth, T.V. Raju, B. Sridhar, P.U. Khan, J.V. Rao, Multifidone: A novel cytotoxic lathyrane-type diterpene having an unusual six-membered A ring from Jatropha multifida, Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters 19(1) (2009) 77-79.
A. Falodun, I. Igbe, O. Erharuyi, O.J. Agbanyim, Chemical Characterization, Anti inflammatory and Analgesic Properties of Jatropha Multifida Root Bark, Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management 17(3) (2013).
S. Rampadarath, D. Puchooa, V.M. Ranghoo-Sanmukhiya, Antimicrobial, phytochemical and larvicidal properties of Jatropha multifida Linn, Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 7 (2014) S380-S383.
S. Thomas, Pharmacognostic and phytochemical constituents of leaves of Jatropha multifida Linn. and Jatropha podagrica Hook, Journal of Pharmcognosy and Phytochemistry 5(2) (2016) 243-246.
O.O. Aiyelaagbe, A.A. Hamid, E. Fattorusso, O. Taglialatela-Scafati, H.C. Schroder, W.E. Muller, Cytotoxic Activity of Crude Extracts as well as of Pure Components from Jatropha Species, Plants Used Extensively in African Traditional Medicine, Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2011 (2011) 134954.
E. Oskoueian, N. Abdullah, W.Z. Saad, A.R. Omar, S. Ahmad, W.B. Kuan, N.A. Zolkifli, R. Hendra, Y.W. Ho, Antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities of methanolic extracts from Jatropha curcas Linn., Journal of Medicinal Plants Research 5(1) (2011) 49-57.
A. Alaklabi, I.A. Arif, A. Ahamed, R. Surendra Kumar, A. Idhayadhulla, Evaluation of antioxidant and anticancer activities of chemical constituents of the Saururus chinensis root extracts, Saudi Journal of Biological Sciences 25(7) (2018) 1387-1392.
M. Mellado, M. Soto, A. Madrid, I. Montenegro, C. Jara-Gutiérrez, J. Villena, E. Werner, P. Godoy, L.F. Aguilar, In vitro antioxidant and antiproliferative effect of the extracts of Ephedra chilensis K Presl aerial parts, BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine 19(1) (2019) 53.
J.M. Dixcy Jaba Sheeba, C.M. Mohan, H. Marine, D. Gauri, K. Neeraj, L. Anil Mukund, Estrogen-regulated extracellular matrix remodeling genes in MCF-7 breast cancer cells, Gene Reports 3 (2016) 14-21.
P. Tiwari, B. Kumar, M. Kaur, G. Kaur, H. Kaur, Phytochemical screening and Extraction: A Review, Internationale Pharmaceutica Sciencia 1(1) (2011) 98-106.
S. Falah, D. Haryadi, P.A. Kurniatin, S. Syaefudin, Komponen fitokimia ekstrak daun suren (Toona sinensis) serta uji sitotoksisitasnya terhadap sel Vero dan MCF-7, Jurnal Ilmu Kefarmasian Indonesia 13(2) (2015) 174-180.