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Abstract
E-tivities were implemented in the online class of Immunology at the Department of Pharmacy UII using video-based learning (VBL) and concept mapping exercises to enhance student motivation and knowledge. The class measurement method was used by comparing the previous academic year's lecture evaluation and outcomes (the 2021 semester without video and concept mapping) and the 2022 semester (with E-tivities using VBL and concept mapping). According to the evaluation results, the combination of learning methods with learning video and concept mapping increased the student's interest and enthusiasm for learning. Furthermore, the student's mastery of the material increased from 8% to 41%, resulting in an increase in the student's final grade. The combination of video-based learning and concept mapping increased student motivation and knowledge
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References
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References
W. Ali, "Online and Remote Learning in Higher Education Institutes: A Necessity in light of COVID-19 Pandemic", High. Educ. Stud., vol. 10, no. 16, pp. 1–7, 2020.
Y.N. Harari, "The world after coronavirus", Financial Times, [Online]. Available: https://www.ft.com/content/19d90308-6858-11ea-a3c9-1fe6fedcca75. [Accessed: Feb. 1, 2023].
G. Tam and D. El-Azar, "3 Ways the Coronavirus Pandemic Could Reshape Education", World Economic Forum, [Online]. Available: https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/03/3-ways-coronavirus-is-reshaping-education-and-what-changes-might-be-here-to-stay/. [Accessed: Feb. 1, 2023].
B. Ghirardini, E-learning methodologies: A guide for designing and developing e-learning courses. Rome, Italy: FAO, 2011.
M.S. Abou El-Seoud, IATF aj-Eddin, N. Seddiek, M.M. El-Khouly, and A. Nosseir, "E-learning and students’ motivation: A research study on the effect of e-learning on higher education", Int. J. Emerg. Technol. Learn., vol. 9, pp. 20–26, 2014.
J.S. Rawlings, "Primary literature in the undergraduate immunology curriculum: Strategies, challenges, and opportunities", Front. Immunol., vol. 10, pp. 1–5, 2019.
M. Neuschlova, E. Novakova, and J. Kompanikova, "Application of E-Learning in Education of Immunology in Jessenius Medical Faculty", in Proc. Edulearn15: 7Th International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies, 2015, pp. 7739–7744.
S.A. Stranford, J.A. Owen, F. Mercer, and R.R. Pollock, "Active Learning and Technology Approaches for Teaching Immunology to Undergraduate Students", Front. Public Health, vol. 8, pp. 1–17, 2020.
G. Salmon, "Higher Education 1.0 to 3.0 and Beyond", [Online]. Available: https://www.gillysalmon.com/blog/higher-education-3-0-and-beyond. [Accessed: Feb. 1, 2023].
A.J. Caña, P. Reiska, and A. Möllits, "Developing higher-order thinking skills with concept mapping: A case of pedagogic frailty", J. Knowl. Manag. Learn., vol. 9, pp. 348–365, 2017.
S.M. Zvacek, M.T. Restivo, and M.F. Chouzal, "Concept Mapping for Higher Order Thinking", iJEP, vol. 3, pp. 6, 2013.
D. Pal and S. Patra, "University Students’ Perception of Video-Based Learning in Times of COVID-19: A TAM/TTF Perspective", Int. J. Hum. Comput. In., vol. 37, pp. 903–921, 2021.
M. Sablić, A. Mirosavljević, and A. Škugor, "Video-Based Learning (VBL)—Past, Present and Future: an Overview of the Research Published from 2008 to 2019", Technol. Knowl. Learn., vol. 26, pp. 1061–1077, 2021.
K.E. de Ries, H. Schaap, A.M.M.J.A.P. van Loon, M.M.H. Kral, and P.C. Meijer, "A literature review of open-ended concept maps as a research instrument to study knowledge and learning", Qual. Quant., vol. 56, pp. 73–107, 2022.
M.A. Almulla and M.M. Alamri, "Using conceptual mapping for learning to affect students’ motivation and academic achievement", Sustainability, vol. 13, pp. 4029, 2021.
F. Reimers, A. Schleicher, J. Saavedra, and S. Tuominen, "Supporting the continuation of teaching and learning during the COVID-19 Pandemic", OECD, vol. 1, pp. 1–38, 2020.
K. Murphy, Janeway’s Immunobiology, 8th ed. Garland Science, NY, USA, 2012.
D. Damanhuri, "Student Learning Motivation in Pandemic Time Covid-19", in Proc. Prosiding Seminar Nasional Pendidikan FKIP, 2020, pp. 3, 351–354.
U. Obaid, A.W. Mughal, and S. Nudrat, "Enhancing Student Academic Performance: Application Of Concept Mapping", Multicult. Edu., vol. 7, pp. 8–17, 2021.
D.L. Hope, G.D. Rogers, G.D. Grant, and M.A. King, "Experiential Learning in a Gamified Pharmacy Simulation: A Qualitative Exploration Guided by Semantic Analysis", Pharmacy, vol. 9, pp. 81, 2021.
S.G. Choudhari, A.M. Gaidhane, P. Desai, T. Srivastava, V. Mishra, and S.Q. Zahiruddin, "Applying visual mapping techniques to promote learning in community-based medical education activities", BMC Med. Edu., vol. 21, pp. 210, 2021.
A. Triastuti, "Meningkatkan pemahaman dan motivasi mahasiswa pada mata kuliah daring farmakognosi-obat tradisional dengan kombinasi video Panopto dan Diagrams", in Inovasi Metode Pembelajaran Daring di Bidang Kefarmasian, ITB Press, 2021, Bandung, pp. 17–22.