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References
- Buku
- Bernard Arief Sidharta, “Penelitian Hukum Normatif: Analisis Penelitian Filosofikal dan Dogmatikal”, dalam Sulistyowati Irianto & Sidharta, Metode Penelitian Hukum. Konstelasi dan Refleksi, Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, Jakarta, 2013.
- I Made Pasek Diantha, Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif dalam Justifikasi Teori Hukum, Prenada Media Group, Jakarta 2017.
- Schmitt, Michael N., Charles H. Garraway & Yoram Dinstein, The Manual on the Law of Non-International Armed Conflict with Commentary, International Institute of Humanitarian Law, San Remo, 2006.
- Melzer, Nils, Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities under International Humanitarian Law, ICRC, Geneve, May 2009.
- Putusan Pengadilan
- Ghaleb Nassar Al-Bihani vs. Barack Obama, Case No. 09-5051, U.S. Court of Appeals, 5 Januari 2010.
- Kreß, Claus, “Aerial Drone Deployment on 4 October 2010 in Mir Ali / Pakistan” (Targeted Killing in Pakistan Case), Case No. 3 BJs 7/12-4, Germany Federal Prosecutor General, 23 July 2013.
- Prosecutor v. Akayesu Case No. ICTR-96-4-T, Putusan 2 September 1998.
- Jurnal
- Bailey, Christopher E., “Cyber Civilians as Combatants”, Creighton International and Comparative Law Journal, Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2017.
- Boothby, Bill, “And for such times as”: The Time Dimension to Direct Participation in Hostilities”, Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 42, 2010.
- CetInkaya, Lokman Burak, “The ICRC’s Formulation of the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities: A Critical Legal Analysis”, Law & Justice Review, Year 7, Issue 12, Juni 2016.
- Corn, Geoffrey S., “Bringing Discipline to the Civilianization of the Battlefield: A Proposal for a More Legitimate Approach to Resurrecting Military-Criminal Jurisdiction over Civilian Augmentees”, University of Miami Law Review, Vol. 62, 2008.
- Corn, Geoffrey S., “Unarmed but How Dangerous? Civilian Augmentees, the Law of Armed Conflict, and the Search for a More Effective Test for Permissible Civilian Battlefield Functions”, Journal of National Security Law & Policy, Vol. 2, 2008.
- Dinstein, Yoram, “The Recent Evolution of the International Law of Armed Conflict: Confusions, Constraints, and Challenges”, Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 51, 2018.
- Delerue, François, “Civilian Direct Participation in Cyber Hostilities”, Barcelona: Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, IDP Revista de Internet, Derecho y Politica, No. 19, Octubre 2014.
- Hays Parks, “Part IX of the ICRC “Direct Participation in Hostilities” Study: No Mandate, No Expertise, and Legally Incorrect”, Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 42, 2010.
- Jenks, Chris, “Law from Above: Unmanned Aerial Systems, Use of Force, and the Law of Armed Conflict”, North Dakota Law Review, Vol. 85, 2009.
- Kreps, Sarah & John Kaag “The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Contemporary Conflict: A Legal and Ethical Analysis”, Polity, Vol. 44, No. 2, April 2012.
- Lotrionte, Catherine, “Targeted Killings by Drones: A Domestic and International Legal Framework”, Journal of International and Comparative Law, Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2012.
- Melzer, Nils, “Keeping the Balance between Military Necessity and Humanity: A Response to Four Critiques of the ICRC’s Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities”, Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 42, 2010.
- Schmitt, Michael N., “The Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities: A Critical Analysis”, Harvard National Security Journal, Vol. 1, 2009.
- Schmitt, Michael N., “Deconstructing Direct Participation in Hostilities: The Constitutive Elements”, Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 42, 2010.
- Sehrawat, Vivek, “Legal Status of Drones under LOAC and International Law”, Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs, Vol. 5, Issue 1, War in the 21st Century and Collected Works, 2017.
- Van der Toorn, Damien, “Practical Road Test of the International Committee of the Red Cross’s Guidance through Afghanistan”, Australian International Law Journal, Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2010.
- Watkins, Kennet, “Opportunity Lost: Organized Armed Groups and the ICRC “Direct Participation in Hostilities” Interpretive Guidance”, Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 42, 2010.
- Wenger, Andreas & Simon J.A. Mason, “The civilianization of armed conflict: trends and implications”, International Review of the Red Cross, Vol. 90, No. 872, December 2008.
- Yip, Ka Lok, “The ICRC’s interpretive guidance on the notion of direct participation in hostilities: sociological and democratic legitimacy in domestic legal orders”, Transnational Legal Theory, Vol. 8, No. 2, 4 July 2017.
- Hasil Penelitian
- Crawford, Emily, “Tracing the Historical and Legal Development of the Levée en masse in the Law of Armed Conflict,” Legal Studies Research Paper, No. 17 / 10, Sydney Law School, 2017.
- Internet
- CAMP, “Understanding FATA”, http://www.understandingfata.org/about-u-fata.php, diakses tanggal 24 Mei 2018.
- Harwood, Catherine, “A Matter of Distinction: ‘active’ and ‘direct’ participation in hostilities and the war crime of using child soldiers”, Spreading the Jam. International Law, International Criminal Law, Human Rights and Transitional Justice, https://dovjacobs.com/2014/07/14/guest-post-a-matter-of-distinction-active-and-direct-participation-in-hostilities-and-the-war-crime-of-using-child-soldiers/, diakses tanggal 25 Maret 2018.
References
Buku
Bernard Arief Sidharta, “Penelitian Hukum Normatif: Analisis Penelitian Filosofikal dan Dogmatikal”, dalam Sulistyowati Irianto & Sidharta, Metode Penelitian Hukum. Konstelasi dan Refleksi, Yayasan Pustaka Obor Indonesia, Jakarta, 2013.
I Made Pasek Diantha, Metodologi Penelitian Hukum Normatif dalam Justifikasi Teori Hukum, Prenada Media Group, Jakarta 2017.
Schmitt, Michael N., Charles H. Garraway & Yoram Dinstein, The Manual on the Law of Non-International Armed Conflict with Commentary, International Institute of Humanitarian Law, San Remo, 2006.
Melzer, Nils, Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities under International Humanitarian Law, ICRC, Geneve, May 2009.
Putusan Pengadilan
Ghaleb Nassar Al-Bihani vs. Barack Obama, Case No. 09-5051, U.S. Court of Appeals, 5 Januari 2010.
Kreß, Claus, “Aerial Drone Deployment on 4 October 2010 in Mir Ali / Pakistan” (Targeted Killing in Pakistan Case), Case No. 3 BJs 7/12-4, Germany Federal Prosecutor General, 23 July 2013.
Prosecutor v. Akayesu Case No. ICTR-96-4-T, Putusan 2 September 1998.
Jurnal
Bailey, Christopher E., “Cyber Civilians as Combatants”, Creighton International and Comparative Law Journal, Vol. 8, Issue 1, 2017.
Boothby, Bill, “And for such times as”: The Time Dimension to Direct Participation in Hostilities”, Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 42, 2010.
CetInkaya, Lokman Burak, “The ICRC’s Formulation of the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities: A Critical Legal Analysis”, Law & Justice Review, Year 7, Issue 12, Juni 2016.
Corn, Geoffrey S., “Bringing Discipline to the Civilianization of the Battlefield: A Proposal for a More Legitimate Approach to Resurrecting Military-Criminal Jurisdiction over Civilian Augmentees”, University of Miami Law Review, Vol. 62, 2008.
Corn, Geoffrey S., “Unarmed but How Dangerous? Civilian Augmentees, the Law of Armed Conflict, and the Search for a More Effective Test for Permissible Civilian Battlefield Functions”, Journal of National Security Law & Policy, Vol. 2, 2008.
Dinstein, Yoram, “The Recent Evolution of the International Law of Armed Conflict: Confusions, Constraints, and Challenges”, Vanderbilt Journal of Transnational Law, Vol. 51, 2018.
Delerue, François, “Civilian Direct Participation in Cyber Hostilities”, Barcelona: Universitat Oberta de Catalunya, IDP Revista de Internet, Derecho y Politica, No. 19, Octubre 2014.
Hays Parks, “Part IX of the ICRC “Direct Participation in Hostilities” Study: No Mandate, No Expertise, and Legally Incorrect”, Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 42, 2010.
Jenks, Chris, “Law from Above: Unmanned Aerial Systems, Use of Force, and the Law of Armed Conflict”, North Dakota Law Review, Vol. 85, 2009.
Kreps, Sarah & John Kaag “The Use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles in Contemporary Conflict: A Legal and Ethical Analysis”, Polity, Vol. 44, No. 2, April 2012.
Lotrionte, Catherine, “Targeted Killings by Drones: A Domestic and International Legal Framework”, Journal of International and Comparative Law, Vol. 3, Issue 1, 2012.
Melzer, Nils, “Keeping the Balance between Military Necessity and Humanity: A Response to Four Critiques of the ICRC’s Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities”, Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 42, 2010.
Schmitt, Michael N., “The Interpretive Guidance on the Notion of Direct Participation in Hostilities: A Critical Analysis”, Harvard National Security Journal, Vol. 1, 2009.
Schmitt, Michael N., “Deconstructing Direct Participation in Hostilities: The Constitutive Elements”, Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 42, 2010.
Sehrawat, Vivek, “Legal Status of Drones under LOAC and International Law”, Penn State Journal of Law & International Affairs, Vol. 5, Issue 1, War in the 21st Century and Collected Works, 2017.
Van der Toorn, Damien, “Practical Road Test of the International Committee of the Red Cross’s Guidance through Afghanistan”, Australian International Law Journal, Vol. 17, Issue 1, 2010.
Watkins, Kennet, “Opportunity Lost: Organized Armed Groups and the ICRC “Direct Participation in Hostilities” Interpretive Guidance”, Journal of International Law and Politics, Vol. 42, 2010.
Wenger, Andreas & Simon J.A. Mason, “The civilianization of armed conflict: trends and implications”, International Review of the Red Cross, Vol. 90, No. 872, December 2008.
Yip, Ka Lok, “The ICRC’s interpretive guidance on the notion of direct participation in hostilities: sociological and democratic legitimacy in domestic legal orders”, Transnational Legal Theory, Vol. 8, No. 2, 4 July 2017.
Hasil Penelitian
Crawford, Emily, “Tracing the Historical and Legal Development of the Levée en masse in the Law of Armed Conflict,” Legal Studies Research Paper, No. 17 / 10, Sydney Law School, 2017.
Internet
CAMP, “Understanding FATA”, http://www.understandingfata.org/about-u-fata.php, diakses tanggal 24 Mei 2018.
Harwood, Catherine, “A Matter of Distinction: ‘active’ and ‘direct’ participation in hostilities and the war crime of using child soldiers”, Spreading the Jam. International Law, International Criminal Law, Human Rights and Transitional Justice, https://dovjacobs.com/2014/07/14/guest-post-a-matter-of-distinction-active-and-direct-participation-in-hostilities-and-the-war-crime-of-using-child-soldiers/, diakses tanggal 25 Maret 2018.