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May 19, 2022
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August 29, 2022
Published
September 2, 2022
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Abstract

Since the US withdrew all its military forces, the Taliban as one of the ultra-conservative factions managed to hold control of all Afghanistan. The dominance of the Taliban's power has peaked since the coup d'etat (coup) of the legitimate government in power under President Ashraf Ghani. The international community condemns the coup act and fears the Taliban leadership will pursue policies that are incompatible with human rights values. For this reason, this study examines the legality of the coup act carried out by the Taliban according to international law. In addition, this study will also analyze how the government under the control of the Taliban can gain recognition from other countries so that it can be used as a modality for establishing international relations. By using normative legal research, this study concludes that to determine the legality of the coup carried out by the Taliban, it is very dependent on the constitutionality of the coup according to Afghan law, their effective control, and their compliance with international law. Although the recognition is still ambiguous in practice, the Afghan government under the Taliban needs it to be actively involved in international relations.


Keywords: Taliban; Afghanistan; coup; recognition; international law


Abstrak
Sejak seluruh pasukan militer Amerika Serikat ditarik mundur, Taliban sebagai salah satu faksi ultra konservatif berhasil menguasasi seluruh wilayah Afganistan. Dominansi kekuasaan Taliban tersebut memuncak sejak terjadinya coup d’etat (kudeta) atas pemerintah yang sah berkuasa dibawah Presiden Ashraf Ghani. Masyarakat internasional mengecam tindakan kudeta tersebut dan khawatir kepemimpinan Taliban akan melakukan kebijakan yang tidak sesuai dengan nilai hak asasi manusia. Untuk itulah dalam penelitian ini dikaji legalitas tindakan kudeta yang dilakukan oleh Taliban menurut hukum internasional. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga akan menganalisis bagaimana agar pemerintah dibawah kendali Taliban dapat memperoleh pengakuan dari negara lain sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai modalitas menjalin hubungan internasional. Dengan menggunakan penelitian hukum normatif, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa untuk menentukan legalitas kudeta yang dilakukan Taliban maka sangat tergantung pada keabsahan kudeta secara konstitusionalitas menurut hukum Afganistan, penguasaan efektif, dan kepatuhan mereka terhadap hukum internasional. Meskipun pengakuan masih terdapat ambiguitas dalam praktek, namun pemerintah Afganistan dibawah Taliban memerlukannya untuk dapat terlibat aktif dalam hubungan internasional.


Kata-kata Kunci: Taliban; Afganistan; kudeta; pengakuan; hukum internasional

Keywords

Taliban Afghanistan coup recognition International Law

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How to Cite
Nur Heriyanto, D. S. (2022). Legalitas Pergantian Kekuasaan Di Afganistan Melalui Coup D’etat Oleh Taliban Menurut Hukum Internasional. Jurnal Hukum IUS QUIA IUSTUM, 29(3), 469–493. https://doi.org/10.20885/iustum.vol29.iss3.art1
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