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Abstract
The research will examine the discourse of Pancasila-based constitutional state and the relevance in Indonesia’s life after the amendments to the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia. The research uses a normative legal approach combined with a material-based analysis. The result shows that the founding fathers accepted the concept of Rechtsstaat, but they changed the basis of social-economy from liberal economic system into planned economic system. The change was made by expediting the process of social-economy decolonization and tradition reconstruction; as a result, the constitutional state of Indonesia exists on the basis of welfare state and Indonesian legal traditions. The aims are not only to ensure legal certainty for economic business but also to provide justice and welfare for all citizens. Although it was unclearly stated that the amendments to the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia rejected the free trade economic system, it has eliminated GBHN as the instrument to implement the planned economic system as regulated in Article 33 Verse (1) of the 1945 Constitution of Indonesia. Consequently, the economic system tends to move towards the free trade system, which is parallel to the concept of liberal-constitutional state and principally against the values of Pancasila that aim to grant social justice for all Indonesian citizens.
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References
Azhari, Aidul Fitriciada, “The Essential of the 1945 Constitution and the Agreement of the Amendment of the 1945 Constitution: A Comparison of the Constititutional Amendment†dalam Jurnal Hukum, FH UII Vol. 18, No. 3, Juli 2011.
Azhari, Aidul Fitriciada, UUD 1945 sebagai Revolutiegrondwet Tafsir Postkolonial atas Gagasan-gagasan Revolusioner dalam Wacana Konstitusi di Indonesia, Jalasutra, Yogyakarta, 2011.
Badan Pekerja MPR, Perubahan Pertama dan Perubahan Kedua UUD 1945: Bahan Penjelasan BP-MPR dalam Rangka Memasyarakatkan Hasil Sidang Umum MPR 1999 dan Sidang Tahunan MPR 1999, Jakarta, Sekretariat MPR-RI, 2000.
Caldwell, Peter C., Popular Sovereignty and the Crisis of German Constitutional Law The Theory and Practice of Weimar Constitutionalism, Duke University Press, Durham/London, 1997.
Furnivall, J.S., Netherlands India: A Study of Plural Economy, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1939/1967.
Fallon, Richard H., “The Rule of Law as A Concept in Constitutional Discourse, Vol. 97, No. 1. , 1997
Glenn, H. Patrick, Legal Tradition of the World, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2000. Hatta, Muhammad, Demokrasi Kita, Balai Pustaka, Jakarta, 2004.
Harris, Khalif Mu’ammar A., “Supremacy of Shari’ah (Siyadat al-Shari’ah) and Its Political Implications: An Analytical Study of the Notion of Constitutional Government in Islam,†Disertasi pada International Institute of Islamic Thought and Civilization (ISTAC) International Islamic University Malaysia, 2008.
Hayek, F.A., The Constitution of Liberty, The University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 2011.
Kusuma, RM. A.B., Lahirnya Undang-Undang Dasar 1945, Badan Penerbit Fakultas Hukum Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, 2004.
Makdisi, G., The Rise of College: Institutions of Learning in Islam and West, Edinburg University Press, Edinburg, 1981.
Neumann, Franz, The Rule of Law Political Theory and the Legal System in Modern Society, Heidelberg, Berg, 1986.
Schmitt, Carl, Constitutional Theory, Duke University Press, Durham/London, 2008.
Wade, E.C.S. dan A.W. Bradley, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Essex, Longman, 1989.
Zhiping, Liang, “Explicating ‘Law’: A Comparative Perspective of Chinese and Western Legal Culture†Journal of Chinese Law Vol. 3 (1), 1989.
Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 Grundgesetz für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland, 1949
Feng, Yujun, Legal Culture In China: A Comparison To Western Law, http://www.victoria.ac.nz/law/nzacl/PDFS/Vol_15_2009/01%20Feng.pdf diakses 4 Oktober 2012.
Jianhong, Liu, Philosophical Ideas of Confucius and Values of Restorative Justice <http://www.restorativejustice.org/10fulltext/liujianhong/view> diakses 3 Oktober 2012. Online Etimology Dictionary, <http://www.etymonline.com/index.php? allowed_in_frame= 0&search=right&searchmode=none> Diakses 2 Oktober 2012.
What is Shariah, <http://suite101.com/article/what-is-shariah-a71667> diakses 3 Oktober 2012.