Article Sidebar
Downloads
Main Article Content
Abstract
The diversity present in Nalen is a blessing, as it fosters cohesion in social, cultural, and religious ties, in contrast to the various conflicts that often arise from such differences. This cohesion resulted from the formation of a habitus of peace. This study aimed to answer the question of how the habitus of peace is cultivated in Nalen, a small village in Central Java. Data were systematically collected through in-depth interviews with prominent figures and community members in Nalen, complemented by observations. The subsequent analysis of the data employed Bourdieu’s theoretical framework, which delves into the intricacies of habitus development within the Nalen community. This analysis scrutinizes various forms of capital, with a particular emphasis on social and cultural capital, substantively contributing to the fortification of the habitus. This study finds that the habitus of interreligious harmony can manifest organically, devoid of external coercion, showcasing the community’s robust autonomy in the formative process. Additionally, the objective and subjective structures of society, alongside historical factors, emerge as foundational elements that influence the trajectory of habitus formation. Ultimately, habitus is cultivated within the collective consciousness of the community and is sustained by the diverse capital resources at their disposal.
Keywords
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2024 Ilyya Muhsin, Achmad Maimun, Sukron Ma’mun
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY-SA) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.
References
Adam, A. W. (2018). Beberapa catatan tentang historiografi gerakan 30 September 1965 [Some notes on the historiography of the September 30, 1965 movement], Archipel: Études Interdisciplinaires Sur Le Monde Insulindien, 95, 11–30. https://doi.org/10.4000/archipel.604
Ali, A. M. (1975). Kehidupan beragama dalam proses pembangunan bangsa: Ceramah menteri Agama RI, Abdul Mukti Ali, dihadapan musyawarah nasional 1 Majelis Ulama, tg. 22 Juli 1975 di Jakarta [Religious life in the process of nation building: Lecture by the Minister of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, Abdul Mukti Ali, before the 1st National Conference of the Ulama Council, July 22, 1975 in Jakarta]. Departemen Agama.
Arisal & Syamsudduha. (2017). Pappaseng Bugis: Nilai budaya dan peranannya dalam membentuk jati diri masyarakat yang berkarakter [Pappaseng Bugis: Cultural values and their role in shaping the identity of a society with character]. Penguatan Budaya Lokal Sebagai Peneguh Multikulturalisme Melalui Toleransi Budaya: Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan serta Pendidikan dan Pengajaran: Volume 1: Prosiding Konferensi Internasional Ikatan Dosen Budaya Daerah Indonesia (IKADBUDI) ke-7 Makassar, 17 – 19 September 2017 (pp. 6-13). Ikatan Dosen Budaya Daerah Indonesia (IKADBUDI).
Arjomand, S. A. (2009). The Constitution of Medina: A sociolegal interpretation of Muhammad's acts of foundation on the Umma. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 41(4), 555-575. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743809990067.
Asrori, S. (2019). Modal sosial dan dialog antar agama: Strategi peningkatan harmoni antarumat beragama di Indonesia [Social capital and interfaith dialogue: Strategies for increasing interfaith harmony in Indonesia]. Jurnal Penamas, 32(2), 385-408. https://doi.org/10.31330/penamas.v32i2.207
Bourdieu, P. (1977). An outline of theory of practice. Cambridge University Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Harvard University Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. G. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education (pp. 241-258). Greenwood Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1990). In other word: Essays toward a reflexive sociology. Polity Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and symbolic power. Polity Press.
Cribb, R., Langenberg, M. van, Young, K. R., Foulcher, K., Orr, K., Iskandar, M., Lasut, J., & Gie, S. H. (2004) The Indonesia killings: Pembantaian PKI di Jawa dan Bali 1965-1966 [The Indonesian killings: The PKI massacre in Java and Bali 1965-1966] (5th edition). Mata Bangsa.
Darisma, N. S., Midhio, I. W., & Prasetyo, T. B. (2018). Aktualisasi nilai-nilai tradisi Nyadran sebagai kearifan lokal dalam membangun damai di Giyanti, Wonosono [Actualization of Nyadran tradition values as local wisdom in building peace in Giyanti, Wonosono]. Jurnal Prodi Damai dan Resolusi Konflik, 4(1), 21–44. https://jurnalprodi.idu.ac.id/index.php/DRK/article/view/204
Geertz, C. (1976). The religion of Java. University of Chicago Press.
Grazulis, V. & Mockiene, L. (2017). Multiculturalism through the prism of history: Experiences and perspectives and lessons to learn. Human Resources Management & Ergonomics, 11, 32–49. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317823932_MULTICULTURALISM_THROUGH_THE_PRISM_OF_HISTORY_EXPERIENCES_AND_PERSPECTIVES_AND_LESSONS_TO_LEARN
Hanifah, N. A. N. (2023). Interaksi sosial antarumat beragama di Kelurahan Kingking, Tuban [Social interaction between religious communities in Kingking Village, Tuban]. Harmoni,. 22(1), 187–207. https://doi.org/10.32488/harmoni.v1i22.604
Hanik, U. & Turmudi, M. (2020). Slametan sebagai simbol harmoni dalam interaksi sosial agama dan budaya masyarakat Desa Tanon Kecamatan Papar Kabupaten Kediri [Slametan as a symbol of harmony in the social, religious and cultural interactions of the Tanon Village community, Papar District, Kediri Regency]. Tribakti: Jurnal Pemikiran Keislaman, 31(1), 135–152. https://doi.org/10.33367/tribakti.v31i1.990.
Harker, R., Mahar, C., & Wilkes, C. (2005). Habitus x Modal + Ranah = Praktik: Pengantar paling komprehensif kepada pemikiran Pierre Bourdieu [Habitus x Capital + Domain = Practice: The most comprehensive introduction to Pierre Bourdieu's thought]. Jalasutra.
Haryatmoko. (2003). Landasan teoritis gerakan sosial menurut Pierre Bourdieu: Menyingkap kepalsuan budaya penguasa [The theoretical basis of social movements according to Pierre Bourdieu: Revealing the falsehood of the ruling culture]. Basis, 52(11-12).
Haryatmoko. (2016). Membongkar rezim ketidakpastian: Pemikiran kritis post-strukturalis [Unpacking the regime of uncertainty: Post-structuralist critical thinking]. Kanisius.
Hasyim, U. (1970). Toleransi dan kemerdekaan beragama dalam Islam sebagai dasar menuju dialog dan kerukunan antar agama [Tolerance and religious freedom in Islam as a basis for interfaith dialogue and harmony]. PT. Bina Ilmu.
Hauberer, J. (2011). The founding concepts of social capital - Bourdieu’s theory of capital and Coleman’s rational-choice approach to social capital. In Social capital theory: Towards a methodological foundation, (pp. 35–51). VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92646-9_2.
Indrawan, J. & Putri, A. T. (2022). Analisa konflik Ambon menggunakan penahapan konflik Simon Fisher [Analysis of the Ambon conflict using Simon Fisher's conflict stages]. Jurnal Kolaborasi Resolusi Konflik, 4(1), 12-26. https://jurnal.unpad.ac.id/jkrk/article/view/36608
Jenkins, R. (2002). Pierre Bourdieu (2nd edition). Routledge.
Kurniawan, P. A., & Hasanat, U. N. (2007). Perbedaan ekspresi emosi pada beberapa tingkat generasi Suku Jawa di Jogyakarta [Differences in emotional expression at several levels of Javanese generation in Yogyakarta]. Jurnal Psikologi UGM, 34(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.7086
Lamaison, P., & Bourdieu, P. (1986). From rules to strategies: An interview with Pierre Bourdieu. Cultural Anthropology, 1(1), 110–120. https://www.jstor.org/stable/656327
Latifah, Adi, A. N., & Afifah, A. (2019). Pandangan Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama mengenai makna toleransi antarumat beragama di Jawa Barat [The views of the Interfaith Harmony Forum on the meaning of interfaith tolerance in West Java]. Jurnal Dakwah Risalah, 30(2), 136-153, https://doi.org/10.24014/jdr.v30i2.7532.
Lestari, D. T. (2020). Merawat harmoni agama melalui kolaborasi musik hadroh dan trompet di Ambon [Maintaining religious harmony through collaboration of hadroh and trumpet music in Ambon]. Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Lintas Budaya, 4(3), 215–226. https://doi.org/10.15575/rjsalb.v4i3.8880
Ma’mun, S. (2017). Pancasila, ideologi yang terkoyak [Pancasila, a torn ideology]. In A. Khanif (Ed.), Pancasila dalam pusaran globalisasi. Lembaga Kajian islam dan Sosial (LKiS).
Malovic, N. & Vujica, K. (2021). Multicultural society as a challenge for coexistence in Europe. Religions, 12, 615. https:// doi.org/10.3390/rel12080615
Miharja, D. & Mulyana, M. (2019). Peran FKUB dalam menyelesaikan konflik keagamaan di Jawa Barat [The Role of the Interfaith Harmony Forum in resolving religious conflicts in West Java]. Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Lintas Budaya, 3(2), 120-132. https://doi.org/10.15575/rjsalb.v3i2.4717
Nashori, F., Iskandar, T. Z., Setiono, K., Siswadi, A. G. P, & Andriansyah, Y. (2020). Religiosity, interpersonal attachment, and forgiveness among the Javanese population in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 23(2), 99-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2019.1646233
Noviantoro, F. D., Zahra, S., Nadia, F., Salsabila, R. Z., Katarina, & Safitri, N. (2023). Mengarungi kebhinakaan: Bonum Commune sebagai perekat harmoni umat beragama di Lembang Uluway, Mangkendek [Navigating diversity: Bonum Commune as a glue for religious harmony in Lembang Uluway, Mangkendek]. Jurnal Mimikri, 9(2), 291–298. https://blamakassar.e-journal.id/mimikri/article/view/1258
Nugroho, S. (2008). Menyitas dan menyebrang: Perpindahan massa keagamaan pasca 1965 di pedesaan Jawa [Displacement and crossing over: Post-1965 religious mass migration in rural Java]. Syarikat.
Nugroho, W. T., Indah, D. N., & Naranta, E. H. G. (2019). Upaya memperteguh kesatuan bangsa melalui internalisasi pemahaman tepo saliro sebagai rangka harmonisasi hidup bermasyarakat [Efforts to strengthen national unity through internalizing the understanding of tepo saliro as a framework for harmonizing community life]. Prosiding Cetak, Peran Pascasarjana dalam Pengembangan IPTEKS terkait Pelestarian Kebudayaan Nasional di Era 4.0. Pascasarjana Universitas Sebelas Maret. https://digilib.uns.ac.id/dokumen/detail/66135/Upaya-Memperteguh-Kesatuan-Bangsa-Melalui-Internalisasi-Pemahaman-Tepo-Saliro-sebagai-Rangka-Harmonisasi-Hidup-Bermasyarakat
Patrascu, E. & Allam, M. (2019). Demographic trends and emergence of multiculturalism in Europe. International Conference RCIC’18: Redefining Community in Intercultural Context (pp. 325-331). Academia Fortelor Aeriene Henri Coanda. https://www.afahc.ro/ro/rcic/2018/rcic'18/volum_2018/325-331%20Patrascu%20Allam.pdf
Ritzer, G. & Goodman, D. J. (2003). Sociological Theory (6th edition). McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages.
Rey, T. (2007). Bourdieu on religion: Imposing faith and legitimacy. Routledge.
Ricklefs, M. C. (2008). A history of modern Indonesia since c. 1200 (Fourth edition). Stanford University Press.
Sobaya, S., Pusparini, M. D., & Achiria, S. (2023). Javanese local wisdom values for development from an Islamic perspective. Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba, 9(1), 57-78. https://doi.org/10.20885/jielariba.vol9.iss1.art4
Soedarmo, U. R. & Ginanjar. (2014). Perkembangan politik Partai Komunis Indonesia (1948-1965) [Political development of the Indonesian Communist Party (1948-1965)]. Jurnal Artefak, 2(1), 129–138. https://doi.org/10.25157/ja.v2i2.1061
Warto & Suryani. (2020). Masyarakat petani Jawa dalam membangun keserasian sosial melalui Merti Dusun [Javanese farming communities in building social harmony through Merti Dusun]. Media Informasi Penelitian Kesejahteraan Sosial, 44(1), 39–62.
Wijayanti, H., & Nurwianti, F. (2010). Kekuatan karakter dan kebahagiaan pada suku Jawa [Strength of character and happiness in the Javanese tribe]. Jurnal Psikologi, 3(2), 114-122. https://ejournal.gunadarma.ac.id/index.php/psiko/article/view/227/0
References
Adam, A. W. (2018). Beberapa catatan tentang historiografi gerakan 30 September 1965 [Some notes on the historiography of the September 30, 1965 movement], Archipel: Études Interdisciplinaires Sur Le Monde Insulindien, 95, 11–30. https://doi.org/10.4000/archipel.604
Ali, A. M. (1975). Kehidupan beragama dalam proses pembangunan bangsa: Ceramah menteri Agama RI, Abdul Mukti Ali, dihadapan musyawarah nasional 1 Majelis Ulama, tg. 22 Juli 1975 di Jakarta [Religious life in the process of nation building: Lecture by the Minister of Religious Affairs of the Republic of Indonesia, Abdul Mukti Ali, before the 1st National Conference of the Ulama Council, July 22, 1975 in Jakarta]. Departemen Agama.
Arisal & Syamsudduha. (2017). Pappaseng Bugis: Nilai budaya dan peranannya dalam membentuk jati diri masyarakat yang berkarakter [Pappaseng Bugis: Cultural values and their role in shaping the identity of a society with character]. Penguatan Budaya Lokal Sebagai Peneguh Multikulturalisme Melalui Toleransi Budaya: Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan serta Pendidikan dan Pengajaran: Volume 1: Prosiding Konferensi Internasional Ikatan Dosen Budaya Daerah Indonesia (IKADBUDI) ke-7 Makassar, 17 – 19 September 2017 (pp. 6-13). Ikatan Dosen Budaya Daerah Indonesia (IKADBUDI).
Arjomand, S. A. (2009). The Constitution of Medina: A sociolegal interpretation of Muhammad's acts of foundation on the Umma. International Journal of Middle East Studies, 41(4), 555-575. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0020743809990067.
Asrori, S. (2019). Modal sosial dan dialog antar agama: Strategi peningkatan harmoni antarumat beragama di Indonesia [Social capital and interfaith dialogue: Strategies for increasing interfaith harmony in Indonesia]. Jurnal Penamas, 32(2), 385-408. https://doi.org/10.31330/penamas.v32i2.207
Bourdieu, P. (1977). An outline of theory of practice. Cambridge University Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgement of taste. Harvard University Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1986). The forms of capital. In J. G. Richardson (Ed.), Handbook of theory and research for the sociology of education (pp. 241-258). Greenwood Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1990). In other word: Essays toward a reflexive sociology. Polity Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1991). Language and symbolic power. Polity Press.
Cribb, R., Langenberg, M. van, Young, K. R., Foulcher, K., Orr, K., Iskandar, M., Lasut, J., & Gie, S. H. (2004) The Indonesia killings: Pembantaian PKI di Jawa dan Bali 1965-1966 [The Indonesian killings: The PKI massacre in Java and Bali 1965-1966] (5th edition). Mata Bangsa.
Darisma, N. S., Midhio, I. W., & Prasetyo, T. B. (2018). Aktualisasi nilai-nilai tradisi Nyadran sebagai kearifan lokal dalam membangun damai di Giyanti, Wonosono [Actualization of Nyadran tradition values as local wisdom in building peace in Giyanti, Wonosono]. Jurnal Prodi Damai dan Resolusi Konflik, 4(1), 21–44. https://jurnalprodi.idu.ac.id/index.php/DRK/article/view/204
Geertz, C. (1976). The religion of Java. University of Chicago Press.
Grazulis, V. & Mockiene, L. (2017). Multiculturalism through the prism of history: Experiences and perspectives and lessons to learn. Human Resources Management & Ergonomics, 11, 32–49. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/317823932_MULTICULTURALISM_THROUGH_THE_PRISM_OF_HISTORY_EXPERIENCES_AND_PERSPECTIVES_AND_LESSONS_TO_LEARN
Hanifah, N. A. N. (2023). Interaksi sosial antarumat beragama di Kelurahan Kingking, Tuban [Social interaction between religious communities in Kingking Village, Tuban]. Harmoni,. 22(1), 187–207. https://doi.org/10.32488/harmoni.v1i22.604
Hanik, U. & Turmudi, M. (2020). Slametan sebagai simbol harmoni dalam interaksi sosial agama dan budaya masyarakat Desa Tanon Kecamatan Papar Kabupaten Kediri [Slametan as a symbol of harmony in the social, religious and cultural interactions of the Tanon Village community, Papar District, Kediri Regency]. Tribakti: Jurnal Pemikiran Keislaman, 31(1), 135–152. https://doi.org/10.33367/tribakti.v31i1.990.
Harker, R., Mahar, C., & Wilkes, C. (2005). Habitus x Modal + Ranah = Praktik: Pengantar paling komprehensif kepada pemikiran Pierre Bourdieu [Habitus x Capital + Domain = Practice: The most comprehensive introduction to Pierre Bourdieu's thought]. Jalasutra.
Haryatmoko. (2003). Landasan teoritis gerakan sosial menurut Pierre Bourdieu: Menyingkap kepalsuan budaya penguasa [The theoretical basis of social movements according to Pierre Bourdieu: Revealing the falsehood of the ruling culture]. Basis, 52(11-12).
Haryatmoko. (2016). Membongkar rezim ketidakpastian: Pemikiran kritis post-strukturalis [Unpacking the regime of uncertainty: Post-structuralist critical thinking]. Kanisius.
Hasyim, U. (1970). Toleransi dan kemerdekaan beragama dalam Islam sebagai dasar menuju dialog dan kerukunan antar agama [Tolerance and religious freedom in Islam as a basis for interfaith dialogue and harmony]. PT. Bina Ilmu.
Hauberer, J. (2011). The founding concepts of social capital - Bourdieu’s theory of capital and Coleman’s rational-choice approach to social capital. In Social capital theory: Towards a methodological foundation, (pp. 35–51). VS Verlag für Sozialwissenschaften. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-531-92646-9_2.
Indrawan, J. & Putri, A. T. (2022). Analisa konflik Ambon menggunakan penahapan konflik Simon Fisher [Analysis of the Ambon conflict using Simon Fisher's conflict stages]. Jurnal Kolaborasi Resolusi Konflik, 4(1), 12-26. https://jurnal.unpad.ac.id/jkrk/article/view/36608
Jenkins, R. (2002). Pierre Bourdieu (2nd edition). Routledge.
Kurniawan, P. A., & Hasanat, U. N. (2007). Perbedaan ekspresi emosi pada beberapa tingkat generasi Suku Jawa di Jogyakarta [Differences in emotional expression at several levels of Javanese generation in Yogyakarta]. Jurnal Psikologi UGM, 34(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.7086
Lamaison, P., & Bourdieu, P. (1986). From rules to strategies: An interview with Pierre Bourdieu. Cultural Anthropology, 1(1), 110–120. https://www.jstor.org/stable/656327
Latifah, Adi, A. N., & Afifah, A. (2019). Pandangan Forum Kerukunan Umat Beragama mengenai makna toleransi antarumat beragama di Jawa Barat [The views of the Interfaith Harmony Forum on the meaning of interfaith tolerance in West Java]. Jurnal Dakwah Risalah, 30(2), 136-153, https://doi.org/10.24014/jdr.v30i2.7532.
Lestari, D. T. (2020). Merawat harmoni agama melalui kolaborasi musik hadroh dan trompet di Ambon [Maintaining religious harmony through collaboration of hadroh and trumpet music in Ambon]. Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Lintas Budaya, 4(3), 215–226. https://doi.org/10.15575/rjsalb.v4i3.8880
Ma’mun, S. (2017). Pancasila, ideologi yang terkoyak [Pancasila, a torn ideology]. In A. Khanif (Ed.), Pancasila dalam pusaran globalisasi. Lembaga Kajian islam dan Sosial (LKiS).
Malovic, N. & Vujica, K. (2021). Multicultural society as a challenge for coexistence in Europe. Religions, 12, 615. https:// doi.org/10.3390/rel12080615
Miharja, D. & Mulyana, M. (2019). Peran FKUB dalam menyelesaikan konflik keagamaan di Jawa Barat [The Role of the Interfaith Harmony Forum in resolving religious conflicts in West Java]. Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Lintas Budaya, 3(2), 120-132. https://doi.org/10.15575/rjsalb.v3i2.4717
Nashori, F., Iskandar, T. Z., Setiono, K., Siswadi, A. G. P, & Andriansyah, Y. (2020). Religiosity, interpersonal attachment, and forgiveness among the Javanese population in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Mental Health, Religion & Culture, 23(2), 99-112. https://doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2019.1646233
Noviantoro, F. D., Zahra, S., Nadia, F., Salsabila, R. Z., Katarina, & Safitri, N. (2023). Mengarungi kebhinakaan: Bonum Commune sebagai perekat harmoni umat beragama di Lembang Uluway, Mangkendek [Navigating diversity: Bonum Commune as a glue for religious harmony in Lembang Uluway, Mangkendek]. Jurnal Mimikri, 9(2), 291–298. https://blamakassar.e-journal.id/mimikri/article/view/1258
Nugroho, S. (2008). Menyitas dan menyebrang: Perpindahan massa keagamaan pasca 1965 di pedesaan Jawa [Displacement and crossing over: Post-1965 religious mass migration in rural Java]. Syarikat.
Nugroho, W. T., Indah, D. N., & Naranta, E. H. G. (2019). Upaya memperteguh kesatuan bangsa melalui internalisasi pemahaman tepo saliro sebagai rangka harmonisasi hidup bermasyarakat [Efforts to strengthen national unity through internalizing the understanding of tepo saliro as a framework for harmonizing community life]. Prosiding Cetak, Peran Pascasarjana dalam Pengembangan IPTEKS terkait Pelestarian Kebudayaan Nasional di Era 4.0. Pascasarjana Universitas Sebelas Maret. https://digilib.uns.ac.id/dokumen/detail/66135/Upaya-Memperteguh-Kesatuan-Bangsa-Melalui-Internalisasi-Pemahaman-Tepo-Saliro-sebagai-Rangka-Harmonisasi-Hidup-Bermasyarakat
Patrascu, E. & Allam, M. (2019). Demographic trends and emergence of multiculturalism in Europe. International Conference RCIC’18: Redefining Community in Intercultural Context (pp. 325-331). Academia Fortelor Aeriene Henri Coanda. https://www.afahc.ro/ro/rcic/2018/rcic'18/volum_2018/325-331%20Patrascu%20Allam.pdf
Ritzer, G. & Goodman, D. J. (2003). Sociological Theory (6th edition). McGraw-Hill Humanities/Social Sciences/Languages.
Rey, T. (2007). Bourdieu on religion: Imposing faith and legitimacy. Routledge.
Ricklefs, M. C. (2008). A history of modern Indonesia since c. 1200 (Fourth edition). Stanford University Press.
Sobaya, S., Pusparini, M. D., & Achiria, S. (2023). Javanese local wisdom values for development from an Islamic perspective. Journal of Islamic Economics Lariba, 9(1), 57-78. https://doi.org/10.20885/jielariba.vol9.iss1.art4
Soedarmo, U. R. & Ginanjar. (2014). Perkembangan politik Partai Komunis Indonesia (1948-1965) [Political development of the Indonesian Communist Party (1948-1965)]. Jurnal Artefak, 2(1), 129–138. https://doi.org/10.25157/ja.v2i2.1061
Warto & Suryani. (2020). Masyarakat petani Jawa dalam membangun keserasian sosial melalui Merti Dusun [Javanese farming communities in building social harmony through Merti Dusun]. Media Informasi Penelitian Kesejahteraan Sosial, 44(1), 39–62.
Wijayanti, H., & Nurwianti, F. (2010). Kekuatan karakter dan kebahagiaan pada suku Jawa [Strength of character and happiness in the Javanese tribe]. Jurnal Psikologi, 3(2), 114-122. https://ejournal.gunadarma.ac.id/index.php/psiko/article/view/227/0