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Abstract
ABSTRAK: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan secara empiris bagaimana pengaruh pelatihan asertivitas terhadap peningkatan harga diri korban bullying dan memaparkan keefektifan teknik assertivie training dalam meningkatkan harga diri korban bullying. Penelitian ini menggunakan teknik simple random sampling dan diperoleh sebanyak 20 siswa kemudian dibagi 10 siswa eksperimen dan 10 siswa kontrol. Teknik analisis data yang digunakan dalam menguji hipotesis penelitian ini adalah uji Gained Score dan uji Wilcoxon. Diketahui bahwa nilai rata-rata kelompok eksperimen sebesar 6,6 > 3,5 yang merupakan nilai rata-rata kelompok kontrol, artinya siswa yang mengikuti pelatihan asertivitas yaitu kelompok eksperimen memiliki tingkat harga diri yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan siswa yang tidak mengikuti pelatihan asertivitas yaitu kelompok kontrol. Diketahui nilai Sig. (2-tailed) variabel harga diri adalah p = 0,011 (p < 0,05), artinya terdapat peningkatan skor harga diri yang signifikan setelah diberikan perlakuan pelatihan asertivitas.
Kata kunci: harga diri, korban bullying, pelatihan asertivitas, siswa SMP.
ABSTRACT: This study aims to empirically examine the impact of assertiveness training on improving the self-esteem of bullying victims and to evaluate the effectiveness of assertiveness training techniques in enhancing their self-esteem. The study employed a simple random sampling technique, resulting in 20 students who were divided into an experimental group (n=10) and a control group (n=10). Data analysis was conducted using the Gained Score test and the Wilcoxon test. The findings revealed that the experimental group had a higher mean score of 6.6 compared to the control group’s mean score of 3.5, indicating that students who participated in assertiveness training exhibited higher self-esteem than those who did not. Additionally, the Sig. (2-tailed) value for the self-esteem variable was p = 0.011 (p < 0.05), demonstrating a significant increase in self-esteem scores following the assertiveness training intervention.
Key words: self-esteem, bullying victims, assertiveness training, middle school students.
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References
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- Atriana, N. (2020). Hubungan antara body image dengan self-esteem pada siswi SMAN 1 Hulu Kuantan [Skripsi]. Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau.
- Azwar, S. (2008). Penyusunan skala psikologi (1st ed.). Pustaka Pelajar.
- Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(2), 226–244. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022- 3514.61.2.226
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- Fanti, K. A., & Henrich, C. C. (2015). Effects of self-esteem and narcissism on bullying and victimization during early adolescence. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 35(1), 5–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/027243161 3519498
- Febrina, D. T., Suharso, P. L., & Saleh, A. Y. (2018). Self-esteem remaja awal: Temuan baseline dari rencana program self-instructional training kompetensi diri. Jurnal Psikologi Insight, 2(1), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.17509/insight.v2i 1.11922
- Feist, J., Feist, G. J., & Roberts, T.-A. (2010). Teori kepribadian (Handriatno (Trans.), Ed.; 7th ed.). Salemba Humanika.
- Firdausi, A. H., & Adiyanti, M. G. (2016). Pelatihan teknik asertivitas untuk meningkatkan self-esteem korban bullying. Gadjah Mada Journal of Professional Psychology (GamaJPP), 2(1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajpp.3 2313
- Gresia, S., Komalasari, G., & Karsih, K. (2014). Self-esteem korban bullying (survey kepada siswa-siswa kelas VII smp negeri 270 jakarta utara). INSIGHT: JURNAL BIMBINGAN KONSELING, 3(2), 115. https://doi.org/10.21009/INSIGHT.0 32.20
- Khairunnisa, Hani. (2020). Child centered play therapy untuk meningkatkan self- esteem pada anak korban bullying [Skripsi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang]. [Skripsi]. Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
- Mujiyati. (2015). Peningkatan self-esteem siswa korban bullying melalui teknik assertive training. Jurnal Fokus Konseling, 1(1), 1–12.
- Musyarofah, F., & Juandi, W. (2021). Meningkatkan self esteem korban bulliying melalui teknik assertive training. Maddah : Jurnal Komunikasi Dan Konseling Islam, 3(2), 148–154. https://doi.org/10.35316/maddah.v3 i2.1341
- Mynard, H., & Joseph, S. (2000). Development of the multidimensional peer-victimization scale. Aggressive Behavior, 26(2), 169–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098- 2337(2000)26:2<169::AID- AB3>3.0.CO;2-A
- Nicholas, S., Neelakshi, G., & Nalini, S. (2015). Effectiveness of assertiveness training on self-esteem and assertive behavior among adolescents at a selected school. Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research, 3(7).
- Nursalim, M. (2014). Strategi dan intervensi konseling. Akademia Permata.
- Pratiwi, M. P., Setiady, I., & Fitriani, N. (2021). Hubungan kejadian bullying dengan self esteem (harga diri) dan resiliensi pada remaja. Alauddin Scientific Journal of Nursing, 2(2), 84– 92. https://doi.org/10.24252/asjn.v2i1.2 2841
- Rusdi, A. (2020, March 16). Tutorial statistik psikologi [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= lp6RsknOIks
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- Siswati, & Widayanti, C. G. (2009). Fenomena bullying di sekolah dasar negeri di semarang: sebuah studi deskriptif. Jurnal Psikologi Undip, 5(2).
- Srisayekti, W., & Setiady, D. A. (2015). Harga-diri (self-esteem) terancam dan perilaku menghindar. Jurnal Psikologi, 42(2), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.7169
- Uno, H. B. (2008). Orientasi baru dalam pembelajaran psikologi (1st ed., Vol. 1). Bumi Aksara.
- Usman, I. (2013). Kepribadian, komunikasi, kelompok teman sebaya, iklim sekolah dan perilaku bullying. HUMANITAS: Indonesian Psychological Journal, 10(1), 49–60. https://doi.org/10.26555/humanitas. v10i1.328
- Waliyanti, E., Kamilah, F., & Fitriansyah, R. R. (2018). Fenomena perilaku bullying pada remaja di yogyakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Indonesia [JIKI], 2(1), 50–64. https://doi.org/10.31000/jiki.v2i1.83 1
- Widiger, T. A. (2022). Thomas A. Widiger: Personality assessment. In The Evolution of Personality Assessment in the 21st Century (pp. 241–259). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/978100303 6302-13
- Winch, R. F., & Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the Adolescent Self- Image. Social Forces, 44(2), 255. https://doi.org/10.2307/2575639
References
Al Husna, H., Ardimen, Sisrazen, & Rahayu, S. P. (2022). Hubungan antara self- esteem dan self-confidence remaja panti asuhan di kecamatan lima kaum. Jurnal Consulenza : Jurnal Bimbingan Konseling Dan Psikologi, 5(1), 12–22. https://doi.org/10.56013/jcbkp.v5i1. 1271
Anggraini, J. (2020). Hubungan antara kebutuhan afiliasi dengan asertivitas pada peserta didik di madrasah aliyah patra mandiri Palembang [Skripsi, UIN Raden Fatah Palembang]. [UIN Raden Fatah Palembang]. http://repository.radenfatah.ac.id/id /eprint/1208
Atriana, N. (2020). Hubungan antara body image dengan self-esteem pada siswi SMAN 1 Hulu Kuantan [Skripsi]. Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau.
Azwar, S. (2008). Penyusunan skala psikologi (1st ed.). Pustaka Pelajar.
Bartholomew, K., & Horowitz, L. M. (1991). Attachment styles among young adults: A test of a four-category model. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 61(2), 226–244. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022- 3514.61.2.226
Destriana, R., Rahayu, M. S., & Khasanah, A. N. (2017). Studi deskriptif mengenai self esteem pada siswa-siswi yang bermasalah pada kelas VIII di smp negeri 8 bandung. SPESIA: Seminar Penelitian Sivitas Akademika Unisba, 941–948.
Fanti, K. A., & Henrich, C. C. (2015). Effects of self-esteem and narcissism on bullying and victimization during early adolescence. The Journal of Early Adolescence, 35(1), 5–29. https://doi.org/10.1177/027243161 3519498
Febrina, D. T., Suharso, P. L., & Saleh, A. Y. (2018). Self-esteem remaja awal: Temuan baseline dari rencana program self-instructional training kompetensi diri. Jurnal Psikologi Insight, 2(1), 43–56. https://doi.org/10.17509/insight.v2i 1.11922
Feist, J., Feist, G. J., & Roberts, T.-A. (2010). Teori kepribadian (Handriatno (Trans.), Ed.; 7th ed.). Salemba Humanika.
Firdausi, A. H., & Adiyanti, M. G. (2016). Pelatihan teknik asertivitas untuk meningkatkan self-esteem korban bullying. Gadjah Mada Journal of Professional Psychology (GamaJPP), 2(1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.22146/gamajpp.3 2313
Gresia, S., Komalasari, G., & Karsih, K. (2014). Self-esteem korban bullying (survey kepada siswa-siswa kelas VII smp negeri 270 jakarta utara). INSIGHT: JURNAL BIMBINGAN KONSELING, 3(2), 115. https://doi.org/10.21009/INSIGHT.0 32.20
Khairunnisa, Hani. (2020). Child centered play therapy untuk meningkatkan self- esteem pada anak korban bullying [Skripsi, Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang]. [Skripsi]. Universitas Muhammadiyah Malang.
Mujiyati. (2015). Peningkatan self-esteem siswa korban bullying melalui teknik assertive training. Jurnal Fokus Konseling, 1(1), 1–12.
Musyarofah, F., & Juandi, W. (2021). Meningkatkan self esteem korban bulliying melalui teknik assertive training. Maddah : Jurnal Komunikasi Dan Konseling Islam, 3(2), 148–154. https://doi.org/10.35316/maddah.v3 i2.1341
Mynard, H., & Joseph, S. (2000). Development of the multidimensional peer-victimization scale. Aggressive Behavior, 26(2), 169–178. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1098- 2337(2000)26:2<169::AID- AB3>3.0.CO;2-A
Nicholas, S., Neelakshi, G., & Nalini, S. (2015). Effectiveness of assertiveness training on self-esteem and assertive behavior among adolescents at a selected school. Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research, 3(7).
Nursalim, M. (2014). Strategi dan intervensi konseling. Akademia Permata.
Pratiwi, M. P., Setiady, I., & Fitriani, N. (2021). Hubungan kejadian bullying dengan self esteem (harga diri) dan resiliensi pada remaja. Alauddin Scientific Journal of Nursing, 2(2), 84– 92. https://doi.org/10.24252/asjn.v2i1.2 2841
Rusdi, A. (2020, March 16). Tutorial statistik psikologi [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v= lp6RsknOIks
Saniya, S. (2019). Dampak perilaku bullying terhadap harga diri (self esteem) remaja di pekanbaru. Jurnal Keperawatan Abdurrab, 3(1), 8–16. https://doi.org/10.36341/jka.v3i1.76 7
Siswati, & Widayanti, C. G. (2009). Fenomena bullying di sekolah dasar negeri di semarang: sebuah studi deskriptif. Jurnal Psikologi Undip, 5(2).
Srisayekti, W., & Setiady, D. A. (2015). Harga-diri (self-esteem) terancam dan perilaku menghindar. Jurnal Psikologi, 42(2), 141–156. https://doi.org/10.22146/jpsi.7169
Uno, H. B. (2008). Orientasi baru dalam pembelajaran psikologi (1st ed., Vol. 1). Bumi Aksara.
Usman, I. (2013). Kepribadian, komunikasi, kelompok teman sebaya, iklim sekolah dan perilaku bullying. HUMANITAS: Indonesian Psychological Journal, 10(1), 49–60. https://doi.org/10.26555/humanitas. v10i1.328
Waliyanti, E., Kamilah, F., & Fitriansyah, R. R. (2018). Fenomena perilaku bullying pada remaja di yogyakarta. Jurnal Ilmiah Keperawatan Indonesia [JIKI], 2(1), 50–64. https://doi.org/10.31000/jiki.v2i1.83 1
Widiger, T. A. (2022). Thomas A. Widiger: Personality assessment. In The Evolution of Personality Assessment in the 21st Century (pp. 241–259). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/978100303 6302-13
Winch, R. F., & Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the Adolescent Self- Image. Social Forces, 44(2), 255. https://doi.org/10.2307/2575639