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Abstract
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh performance measurement and management (PMM), supply-side governance, dan demand-side governance terhadap business performance pada PT. KAI (Persero). Latar belakang penelitian didasarkan pada peran strategis PT. KAI dalam sistem transportasi nasional dan tuntutan peningkatan kinerja bisnis yang berkelanjutan. Pendekatan penelitian yang digunakan adalah kuantitatif dengan metode survei menggunakan kuesioner kepada 226 responden yang merupakan pegawai aktif PT KAI. Analisis data dilakukan melalui uji validitas, reliabilitas, uji asumsi klasik, serta regresi linier berganda menggunakan SPSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ketiga variabel independen memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap business performance baik secara parsial maupun simultan. PMM berkontribusi pada peningkatan efisiensi operasional, pengambilan keputusan berbasis data, dan pencapaian tujuan strategis. Supply-side governance memperkuat hubungan dengan pemasok, menjamin ketersediaan dan kualitas material, serta mendukung keberlanjutan operasional. Sementara itu, demand-side governance meningkatkan kepuasan dan loyalitas pelanggan melalui pengelolaan hubungan yang proaktif dan responsif.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Muhammad Habibullah Al Ansori, Binarin Tirto Andika

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References
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References
Amhalhal, A. et al. (2021) “Organisational performance and the use of multiple performance measures in an emerging market,” International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management, 39(1), hal. 236–257. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJQRM-04-2019-0107.
Arenawati et al. (2019) “Reframing on Organization Transforming at PT. Kereta Api Indonesia,” in Proceedings of the International Conference of Democratisation in Southeast Asia (ICDeSA 2019). Atlantis Press, hal. 83–88. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.2991/icdesa-19.2019.18.
Badan Pusat Statistik (2023) Perkembangan Transportasi Nasional Agustus 2023. Jakarta. Tersedia pada: https://www.bps.go.id/id/pressrelease/2023/10/02/2043/perkembangan-transportasi-nasional-agustus-2023.html.
El Baz, J. dan Ruel, S. (2021) “Can supply chain risk management practices mitigate the disruption impacts on supply chains’ resilience and robustness? Evidence from an empirical survey in a COVID-19 outbreak era,” International Journal of Production Economics, 233, hal. 107972. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2020.107972.
Budiman et al. (2022) “Sustainable Development: An Overview of Sustainable Transportation Realized in the Special Region of Yogyakarta,” MIMBAR : Jurnal Sosial dan Pembangunan, 38(2), hal. 324–334. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.29313/mimbar.v0i0.9686.
Burhan, K. (2020) “The Functional Strategy of PT. Kereta Api Indonesia (Persero) at UPT (Technical Implementation Unit) Jatinegara Locomotive Depot,” Journal of Social Science, 1(4), hal. 128–136. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.46799/jss.v1i4.24.
Burns, T. dan Stalker, G.M. (1996) The Management of Innovation. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Carter, C.R. dan Rogers, D.S. (2008) “A framework of sustainable supply chain management: moving toward new theory,” International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management, 38(5), hal. 360–387. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1108/09600030810882816.
Chen, J., Viardot, E. dan Brem, A. (2019) “Innovation and innovation management,” in J. Chen et al. (ed.) The Routledge Companion to Innovation Management. 1 ed. London: Routledge. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315276670-1.
Creswell, J.W. dan Creswell, J.D. (2018) Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. 5 ed. Diedit oleh H. Salmon et al. Thousand Oaks: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Elkington, J. (1997) Cannibals with Forks: The Triple Bottom Line of 21st Century Business. Oxford: Capstone.
Etukudoh, E.A. et al. (2024) “A Review of sustainable transportation solutions: Innovations, challenges, and future directions,” World Journal of Advanced Research and Reviews, 21(1), hal. 1440–1452. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.30574/wjarr.2024.21.1.0173.
Ferreira, A. dan Otley, D. (2005) The Design and Use of Management Control Systems: An Extended Framework for Analysis, AAA 2006 Management Accounting Section (MAS) Meeting. Tersedia pada: https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=682984.
Garengo, P., Bititci, U. dan Bourne, M. (2022) “Editorial: Performance measurement and management in Industry 4.0: Where are we? What next?,” International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 71(4), hal. 1005–1007. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPPM-04-2022-699.
Hair Jr., J.F. et al. (2019) Multivariate Data Analysis. 8 ed. New York: Cengage Learning.
Hart, S.L. dan Milstein, M.B. (2003) “Creating sustainable value,” Academy of Management Perspectives, 17(2), hal. 56–67. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.2003.10025194.
Issa, A. et al. (2024) “The Path from Green Innovation to Supply Chain Resilience: Do Structural and Dynamic Supply Chain Complexity Matter?,” Sustainability, hal. 3762. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.3390/su16093762.
Kuncoro, M. (2013) Metode Riset untuk Bisnis dan Ekonomi: Bagaimana Meneliti dan Menulis Tesis. 1 ed. Jakarta: Erlangga.
Lynn, T. et al. (ed.) (2023) The Future of Work Challenges and Prospects for Organisations, Jobs and Workers. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-31494-0.
Rahmadani, S. et al. (2025) “MANAJEMEN PERSEDIAAN DALAM RANTAI PASOKAN: SOLUSI EFISIENSI BIAYA PERUSAHAAN,” Integrative Perspectives of Social and Science Journal (IPSSJ), 2(2), hal. 1685–1692. Tersedia pada: https://ipssj.com/index.php/ojs/article/view/252.
Ribeiro, S.K. et al. (2021) “Transport,” in L. Cheah dan R.E.H. Sims (ed.) IPCC AR6 WGIII SOD. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), hal. 165. Tersedia pada: https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg3/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGIII_SOD_Chapter10.pdf.
Sánchez-Flores, R.B. et al. (2020) “Sustainable Supply Chain Management—A Literature Review on Emerging Economies,” Sustainability, 12(17), hal. 6972. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.3390/su12176972.
Saunila, M., Ukko, J. dan Jääskeläinen, A. (2024) “The importance of performance measurement and management in sustainable supply chain governance among SMEs,” International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 44(13), hal. 229–250. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-06-2023-0492.
Sekaran, U. dan Bougie, R. (2016) Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach. 7 ed. Chichester: John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
Shah, A.A.I. et al. (2021) “A review of IoT-based smart waste level monitoring system for smart cities,” Indonesian Journal of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 21(1), hal. 450–456. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.11591/ijeecs.v21.i1.pp450-456.
Smith, M. dan Bititci, U.S. (2017) “Interplay between performance measurement and management, employee engagement and performance,” International Journal of Operations & Production Management, 37(9), hal. 1207–1228. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJOPM-06-2015-0313.
Touboulic, A. dan Walker, H. (2015) “Theories in sustainable supply chain management: a structured literature review,” International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management. Diedit oleh P. Maria Jesus Saenz dan D. Xenophon Koufteros, 45(1–2), hal. 16–42. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1108/IJPDLM-05-2013-0106.
Xiao, S. (2024) “Is the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), and China’s Growing Global Interconnectivity More Generally, Generating Network Effects and Lock-In Dynamics ?,” Journal of Applied Economics and Policy Studies, 2, hal. 25–50. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.54254/2977-5701/2/2024010.
Yoo, S. et al. (2024) “Impact of high-speed railway on gentrification and regional inequality in Japan,” Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, 134, hal. 104346. Tersedia pada: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trd.2024.104346.
