Main Article Content
Abstract
This study investigates the relationship between emotional and spiritual intelligence from an Islamic perspective, with creativity and proactive attitude as mediating variables. The research utilized a survey among students at several private Islamic universities in Medan City. These universities were selected due to their Islamic vision and the presence of central business incubators or entrepreneurship centers. Students who carried out entrepreneurial activities from semester 3 to semester 7, totaling 120 people, were selected as sample size sufficiently representative of the population using a simple random sampling method. Data analysis was performed using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) from the statistical software package LISREL 8.80. The results showed that all the hypotheses tested in this study were supported, meaning that the Islamic perspective on emotional and spiritual intelligence was proven to encourage entrepreneurial intentions at Islamic universities in Medan City with creativity and proactive attitude as a serial mediator. Creativity and proactive attitudes mediate the relationship between emotional and spiritual intelligence towards entrepreneurial intention. Creativity and proactive attitudes reinforce the relationship between emotional and spiritual intelligence toward entrepreneurial intention. The better the creativity and proactive attitudes of the respondents, the stronger the relationship between emotional and spiritual intelligence towards entrepreneurial intention.
Keywords
Article Details
Copyright (c) 2024 Radiman Radiman, Sukiman Sukiman, Rizal Agus
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References
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References
Adekiya, A. A., & Ibrahim, F. (2016). Entrepreneurship intention among students: The antecedent role of culture and entrepreneurship training and development. International Journal of Management Education, 14(2), 116–132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2016.03.001
Afshar, H. S., & Rahimi, M. (2016). Reflective thinking, emotional intelligence, and speaking ability of EFL learners: Is there a relation? Thinking Skills and Creativity, 19, 97–111. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tsc.2015.10.005
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Amabile, T. M. (1996). Creativity in Context: Update to Social Psychology of Creativity. New York: Routledge.
Amabile, T. M., Barsade, S. G., Mueller, J. S., & Staw, B. M. (2005). Affect and creativity at work. Administrative Science Quarterly, 50(3), 367–403. https://doi.org/10.2189/asqu.2005.50.3.367
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Bateman, T. S., & Crant, J. M. (1993). The proactive component of organizational behavior: A measure and correlates. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 14(2), 103–118. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.4030140202
Bilgiseven, E. B., & Kasimoǧlu, M. (2019). Analysis of factors leading to entrepreneurial intention. Procedia Computer Science, 158, 885–890. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.procs.2019.09.127
Binnewies, C., Ohly, S., & Sonnentag, S. (2007). Taking personal initiative and communicating about ideas: What is important for the creative process and for idea creativity? European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 16(4), 432–455. https://doi.org/10.1080/13594320701514728
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George, J. M., & Zhou, J. (2002). Understanding when bad moods foster creativity and good ones don’t: The role of context and clarity of feelings. Journal of Applied Psychology, 87(4), 687. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.87.4.687
Govaerts, F., & Ottar Olsen, S. (2023). Consumers’ values, attitudes and behaviours towards consuming seaweed food products: The effects of perceived naturalness, uniqueness, and behavioural control. Food Research International, 165(9291), 9–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112417
Haase, J., Hoff, E. V., Hanel, P. H. P., & Innes-Ker, Å. (2018). A meta-analysis of the relation between creative self-efficacy and different creativity measurements. Creativity Research Journal, 30(1), 1-16. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2018.1411436
Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., & Anderson, R. E. (2014). Multivariate Data Analysis (7th ed.). London: Pearson Education Limited.
Hu, R., Wang, L., Zhang, W., & Bin, P. (2018). Creativity, proactive personality, and entrepreneurial intention: The role of entrepreneurial alertness. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00951
Huang, S., Huang, Q., & Soetanto, D. (2022). Entrepreneurial orientation dimensions and the performance of high-tech and low-tech firms: A configurational approach. European Management Journal, 41(3), 375-384. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.emj.2022.03.002
Krueger, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(5/6), 411–432. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0883-9026(98)00033-0
Kumar, R., & Shukla, S. (2023). A theory-based approach to model entrepreneurial intentions: Exploring the role of creativity, proactive personality and passion. Higher Education, Skills and Work-Based Learning, 13(2), 355-370. https://doi.org/10.1108/HESWBL-02-2022-0036
Küttim, M., Kallaste, M., Venesaar, U., & Kiis, A. (2014). Entrepreneurship education at university level and students’ entrepreneurial intentions. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 110, 658–668. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.12.910
Lajoie, S. P., Pekrun, R., Azevedo, R., & Leighton, J. P. (2020). Understanding and measuring emotions in technology-rich learning environments. Learning and Instruction, 70, 101272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.learninstruc.2019.101272
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Nggermanto, A. (2002). Quantum Quotient - Kecerdasan Quantum: Cara Praktis Melejitkan IQ, EQ, dan SQ yang Harmonis. Bandung: Yayasan Nuansa Cendekia.
Parker, S. K., Williams, H. M., & Turner, N. (2006). Modeling the antecedents of proactive behavior at work. Journal of Applied Psychology, 91(3), 636–652. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.91.3.636
Pekaar, K. A., van der Linden, D., Bakker, A. B., & Born, M. Ph. (2020). Dynamic self- and other-focused emotional intelligence: A theoretical framework and research agenda. Journal of Research in Personality, 86, 103958. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2020.103958
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