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Abstract
Asnaf Faqir refers to a group of indigent people who have no source of income, possess neither property or material of their own, and they earn less than 50 percent of their own and their dependents’ basic necessities in life. This study was conducted to identify the indicators that can be used to steadily empower destitute people based on Imam Al-Ghazali’s thoughts and views. The subsequent findings produced a basic framework for the formation of Asnaf Faqir’s career path, based on the concept of spirituality. This qualitative study used library methods for the data collection. The data for this study were collected through various documents and manuscripts, including the Holy Quran, Books of Hadith, Al-Ghazali’s works, journal articles, and others. The data for this study were analyzed deductively and inductively to extract basic spiritual principles related to career paths, as suggested by Al-Ghazali. This study shows that the elements of al-Ruh, al-Insan, al-‘Aql, al-Qalb and al-Jasad of humans are important in shaping the career path of Asnaf Faqir. These five elements were found to be critical factors in fulfilling the planning, exploration, gathering of information, and determination of the career path of Asnaf Faqir as entrepreneurs or skilled workers.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Abdul Azim Akbar, Mohd Faizal P. Rameli, Ahmad Rosli Mohd Nor, Muhd Khudri Johari
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References
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References
Abdul Rahman, A., Yusof, Z., & Ismail, R. (2020). Significance of economic beliefs in combating poverty. Journal of Economic Studies, 17(3), 301–318.
Abdullah, A., & Sharif, M. F. M. (2019). The concept of Islamic personality and spiritual development. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Science, 9(9), 936–949. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v9-i9/6383
Adnan, A. A., & Bukido, R. (2020). Poverty and religiosity: The ‘missing link’ from Islamic perspective. Jurnal Ilmiah Al-Syir’ah, 18(2), 173–186. https://doi.org/10.30984/jis.v18i2.1149
Ahmad, A. H., Hasnan, A. N., Ahsan Nudin, A. F., Ab. Aziz, A., Suhairi, M., & Hassan, N. (2014). Jalinan hati semarak jiwa: Pemindahan ilmu secara kreatif dan inovasi [The intertwining of the heart and soul: Creative transfer of knowledge and innovation]. Program dan Abstract Ekspo Antarabangsa IiIID Patuh Syariah 2014. https://doi.org/10.13140/2.1.4033.1042
Al-Ghazali. (1998). Ihya Ulumiddin Imam Ghazali (Jilid 1). In Y. M.-S. (Transl.), TK. H. Ismail (Ed.), Ihya Ulumiddin. Pustaka Nasional Pte Ltd Singapura.
Al-Ghazali, A. H. M. (1990). Ihya’ Ulum al-Din (Volume 3). Dar al-Khayr.
Al-Hisānī, T. al-D. A. B. bin M. al-Ḥusaynī,. (2005). Kifāyah al-Akhyār fī Ḥalli Ghāyah al-Ikhtiṣār. 277-278.
Al-Rawi, Y. A., Yusup, Y., Ahmed, E., Ali, A. F., & Yahya, S. B. (2023). An examination of environmental taxes from the Islamic and Shariah perspectives. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, 13(1), 141–155. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-022-00806-5
Alimin. (2018). Solusi dalam menekan tingkat kemiskinan (Suatu analisa sosiologi ekonomi Islam) [Solutions in reducing poverty levels (An analysis of Islamic economic sociology)]. JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah), 9(2), 147–164. http://ecampus.iainbatusangkar.ac.id/ojs/index.php/Juris/article/view/913
Mohd Salleh, A. (2010). Pendidikan kerjaya dan pembangunan modal insan [Career education and human capital development]. Penerbit UKM.
Aslam, M. N. A., Rashid, A., & Usman, A. K. (2022). Evaluating the governance framework of Islamic Microfinance Institutions (IMFIs) in Pakistan and its compatibility with the Federal Shari’at Court Judgment. Islamic Banking and Finance Review, 9(2), 63–96. https://doi.org/10.32350/ibfr.92.04
Chen, R., Xie, Y., & Liu, Y. (2021). Defining, conceptualizing, and measuring organizational resilience: A multiple case study. Sustainability, 13(5), 2517. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13052517
Desa, H., & Ah Choy, E. (2022). Faktor pemilihan kerjaya dalam kalangan belia di sektor perladangan kelapa sawit [Career selection factors among young people in the oil palm cultivation sector]. Malaysian Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities (MJSSH), 7(6), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.47405/mjssh.v7i6.1576
DOSM. (2021). Department of Statistics Malaysia Press Release Household Income Estimates and Incidence of Poverty Report 2019–2021. Department of Statistics, Malaysia . https://v1.dosm.gov.my/v1/index.php?r=column/cthemeByCat&cat=493&bul_id=VTNHRkdiZkFzenBNd1Y1dmg2UUlrZz09&menu_id=amVoWU54UTl0a21NWmdhMjFMMWcyZz09
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Kazak, H., & Çeker, O. (2022). A critical overview of Ali Shariati’s comment on the Islamic economy. Al-Uqud: Journal of Islamic Economics, 6(1), 49–79. https://doi.org/10.26740/al-uqud.v6n1.
Khan, M. B. (2022). Global changing socio-economic values and its political impacts on the global leadership. International Research Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(2), 99–111. https://irjssh.com/index.php/irjssh/article/view/23
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Liu, J., Jain, V., Sharma, P., Ali, S. A., Shabbir, M. S., & Ramos-Meza, C. S. (2022). The role of Sustainable Development Goals to eradicate the multidimensional energy poverty and improve social Wellbeing’s. Energy Strategy Reviews, 42, 100885. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.esr.2022.100885
Mahmud, M. I., Mohd Noah, S., Ahmad, J., Wan Ahmad, W. M., Mohd Izwan Mahmud, Sidek Mohd Noah, Jamaludin Ahmad, & Wan Marzuki Wan Ahmad. (2016). Modul kesediaan kerjaya berdasarkan teori cognitive information processing (CIP) [Job readiness module based on cognitive information processing (CIP) theory]. Jurnal Kurikulum dan Pengajaran Asia Pasifik, 4(3), 1–17. https://ejournal.um.edu.my/index.php/JUKU/article/view/8205
Mannan, M. . (1988). The economics of poverty in Islam with special reference to Muslim countries. In M. Iqbal (Ed.), Distributive justice and need fulfilment in an Islamic economy (Revised edition, pp. 336–341). International Institute of Islamic Economics.
Mansor, N. (2012). Keberkesanan perkhidmatan unit psikologi, kaunseling dan kerjaya dalam membantu kerjaya pelajar politeknik [The effectiveness of psychology, counseling and career unit services in helping polytechnic students' careers]. Universiti Tun Hussein Onn.
Maymunah, I., Mohd Saladin, A. R., Noormala, R., Marziana, A. M., & Sharina, S. (2020). Kesejahteraan kesihatan rakyat melalui filantrofi Islam (The wellbeing of people health’s through Islamic philanthropy). Journal of Islamic Philanthropy & Social Finance (JIPSF), 2(1), 11–22. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/373767456_KESEJAHTERAAN_KESIHATAN_RAKYAT_MELALUI_FILANTROFI_ISLAM_THE_WELLBEING_OF_PEOPLE_HEALTH'S_THROUGH_ISLAMIC_PHILANTHROPY
Md Radzi, M. B. (2020). Kualiti hidup penerima bantuan zakat Asnaf fakir dan miskin: Kajian di Kuching, Sarawak [Quality of life of indigent and poor Asnaf zakat aid recipients: Study in Kuching, Sarawak]. Universiti Teknologi MARA.
Mohd Farid, M. S., & Wan Roslili, A. M. (2019). Al-Quran dan peradaban [Al-Quran and civilization]. IKIM Press.
Mohd Hudzairi Mansor, M. N., Mohd Yusof, H., & Zaimah, R. (2019). Azam Tani membangunkan tahap daya saing cara tidak langsung terhadap peserta beragama Islam di Seberang Perai, Pulau Pinang (Azam Tani developing the level of competitiveness not directly to Islamic participants at Seberang Perai, Penang). Journal Al-‘Abqari, 8(May), 148–165. https://doi.org/10.33102/abqari.vol18no1.161
Mohd Nor, A. R., Mohamad Rohana, N. A., Rabu, N., Akbar, A. A., & Sharif, D. (2022). Systematic Literature Review Analysis for Trends in The Study of Islamic Thought in Career Development. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 12(11), 2945–2956. https://doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v12-i11/14998
Mohd Zaid, M., Rawi, N., Salahudin, S., Muhammad Taufik, M. S., & Mohd Khairul Nizam, M. A. (2020). Had al-kifayah dalam membangun sosioekonomi asnaf: Sorotan literatur [Had al-kifayah in developing socioeconomic asnaf: Literature highlights]. Jurnal Maw’izah, 3(2020), 55–66. http://www.unimel.edu.my/journal/index.php/JMAW/article/view/725
Muhamad Zulfadli, A. R., Mohammad Taqiuddin, M., & Muhammad Shamshinor, A. A. (2020). Islam dan pembasmian kemiskinan bandar [Islam and the eradication of urban poverty]. Jurnal Syariah, 28(3), 461–500. https://doi.org/10.22452/js.vol28no3.5
Muhammad Syukri, S. (1990). Konsep dan perlaksanaan pembangunan berteraskan Islam, pembangunan untuk manusia atau manusia untuk pembangunan: Analisis tentang manusia dalam pembangunan berteraskan Islam [The concept and implementation of development based on Islam, development for humans or humans for development: Analysis of humans in development with an Islamic perspective]. In S. Muhammad Syukri (Ed.), Konsep dan pelaksanaan pembangunan berteraskan Islam (pp. 30–55). Universiti Sains Malaysia Pulau Pinang.
Muhammad Syukri, S. (2000). Pembangunan zaman Rasulallah S.A.W: Antara kemiskinan dan kekayaan [Development during the time of Rasulullah S.A.W: Between poverty and wealth.]. Projek Pengurusan Pembangunan Islam (IDMP)
Muhammad Syukri, S. (2013). Philosophical foundations of Islamic development: Khurshid Ahmad’s conception revisited. International Journal of Education and Research, 1(7), 1–16. https://www.ijern.com/journal/July-2013/27.pdf
Muslim, A. al-Ḥusayn M. I. al-Ḥajjāj I. al-Q. al-N. (1928). Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, Hadis 1034. Mustafa al-Babi al-Halabi.
Niati, D. R., Siregar, Z. M. E., & Prayoga, Y. (2021). The effect of training on work performance and career development: the role of motivation as intervening variable. Budapest International Research and Critics Institute (BIRCI-Journal): Humanities and Social Sciences, 4(2), 2385–2393. https://doi.org/10.33258/birci.v4i2.1940
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