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Abstract
Digital activism, commonly referred to as online activism, is the practice of using electronic communication tools as a type of activism aimed at fostering the development of community movements. Digital activism is connected to online discourse through various mechanisms, including social media platforms, connectivity actions and the discursive construction of digital technology. The purpose of this study is to examine the discourse that is growing in the comments section of the online petition content for the #MotherSingleMelawan on the Instagram account @changeorg_id, as well as the signs of female digital activism that are emerging. Marie-Anne Paveau pioneered the qualitative discourse analysis research methodology, which is particularly relevant when applied to online communication. The results of the research show that women's digital activism in the comments column of the #SingleMotherMelawan online petition consists of four main discourse themes, namely; 1) the discourse of belief-based gender oppression, 2) the discourse of gender relations in parental relations, 3) the discourse of justice for victims of gender-based violence, 4) the discourse of discrimination against single mothers.
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Copyright (c) 2024 Nindyta Aisyah Dwityas, Rustono Farady Marta, Rizki Briandana
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References
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References
Almazan, R. S; Gil-Garcia, J. R (2014). Towards cyberactivism 2.0? Understanding the use of social media and other information technologies for political activism and social movements. Government Information Quarterly Volume 31, Issue 3 - 2014 ISSN 0740-624X. <https://doi.org/10.1016/j.giq.2013.10.016>.
Ayers, Michael D., Mccaughey, Martha (Eds.) (2003). "Classifying Forms of Online Activism: The Case of Cyberprotests Against the World Bank" in Cyberactivism: Online Activism in Theory and PRACTICE, pp. 72-73. Routledge, New York, NY
Carr, ES. (2003) Rethinking Empowerment Theory Using a Feminist Lens: The Importance of Process. Affilia 18(1):8–20
Dihardjo, Poppy R. (2021) Ibu Tunggal Berhak Namanya Ditulis di Ijazah Anak, Stop Diskriminasi di Dunia Pendidikan! https://www.change.org/p/nadiem-makarim-diskriminasi-pada-ibu-tunggal-di-dunia-pendidikan diakses pada 3 Januari 2022.
Elliott, A. (2014) Concepts of the Self, 3rd edn. Polity, Cambridge/Malden
Evans, V. (2017), Emojis Actually Make Our Language Better. New York Post https://nypost.com/2017/08/12/emojis-actually-make-our-language-way-better/
Gee, J.P. (2005). An introduction to discourse analysis: theory and method (2nd edition). New York, NY: Routledge.
Ghobadi, S., Clegg, S. (2015). "'these days will never be forgotten': Critical Mass Approach to Online Activism". Information and Organization. Elsevier. 25: 52–71. doi:10.1016/j.infoandorg.2014.12.002
Joyce, MC (2010) Digital Activism Decoded: the New Mechanics of Change. IDEA, New York.
Han, Xiao. (2020). Women’s Empowerment in Digital Media: A Communication Paradigm. Handbook of Communication for Development and Social Change (Editor: Jan Sarvaes). Springer
Haraway, D. (1991). Simians, Cyborgs, and Women: The Reinvention of Nature. Routledge
Huyer, S. (2005). Women, ICT, and the Information Society: Global Perspectives and Initiatives. Women in Global Science and Technology – WISAT
Kabeer N (2010) Women’s Empowerment, Development Interventions and the Management of Information flows. IDS Bull 41(6):105–113.
Lee, F.L; Chen, H.-T and Chan, M. (2017) "Social Media Use and University Students’ Participation in a Large-scale Protest Campaign: The Case of Hong Kong’s Umbrella Movement", Telematics and Informatics, 34(2): p. 457-469.
Magno G., Weber I. (2014) International Gender Differences and Gaps in Online Social Networks. In: Aiello L.M., McFarland D. (eds) Social Informatics. SocInfo 2014. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol 8851. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-13734-6_9
Maier, S & Nair-Reichert, U. (2007). Empowering Women Through ICT-Based Business Initiatives: An Overview of Best Practices in E-Commerce/E-Retailing Projects. Information Technologies & International Development Vol. 4 Issue 2. USC Annenberg Press
Marchand, M. H. (2009). The Future of Gender and Development after 9/11: insights from postcolonial feminism and transnationalism. Third World Quarterly, 30(5), 921–935
McCaughey, Martha; Ayers, Michael D. (1 January 2003). Cyberactivism: Online Activism in Theory and Practice. Psychology Press. ISBN 9780415943208
McPhail, T. L. (2009a). Development Communication: Reframing the Role of the Media. John Wiley & Sons.
McPhail, T. L. (2009b). Introduction to Development Communication. Development Communication: Reframing the Role of the Media, 4, 1–20.
Obar, Jonathan (2014). "Canadian Advocacy 2.0: A Study of Social Media Use by Social Movement Groups and Activists in Canada". Canadian Journal of Communication. 39 (2). doi:10.22230/cjc.2014v39n2a2678. SSRN 2254742
Oktriwina, AS. (2022). Hashtag: Apa Itu, Cara Kerja, Manfaat, dan Tips Menggunakannya. Glints.com < https://glints.com/id/lowongan/hashtag-adalah/#.YqgPRnZBy5c>
Oprea, D (2019) “Discourse Analysis in Social Media”. International Multidisciplinary Scientific Conference on the Dialogue between Sciences & Arts, Religion & Education (MCDSARE) 2019. https://doi.org/10.26520/mcdsare.2019.3.315-320
Papacharissi, Z. (2010) A Private Sphere: Democracy in a Digital Age. Polity, Cambridge/Malden
Paveau M.-A. (2013) Genre de discours et technologie discursive, Pratiques [Discourse genres and discursive technology], 157-158 /2013, 7-30.
Rosser, SV. (2005). Through the Lenses of Feminist Theory: Focus on Women and Information Technology. Frontiers a Journal of Women Studies 26(1):1-23 January 2005.
Schäfer, M. S., & Fähnrich, B. (2020). Communicating science in organizational contexts: toward an “organizational turn” in science communication research. Journal of Communication Management.
Scott, C. V. (1995). Gender and Development: Rethinking Modernization and Dependency Theory. Lynne Rienner Publishers Inc.
Stone, M (2022). The Promise of Digital Activism and it’s Dangers by Catherine Powell. Council on Foreign Relations < https://www.cfr.org/blog/promise-digital-activism-and-its-dangers-0>
Tatarchevskiy, Tatiana (2011-03-01). "The 'popular' culture of internet activism". New Media & Society. 13 (2): 297–313. doi:10.1177/1461444810372785. ISSN 1461-4448. S2CID 206726985.
Tannen, Deborah (2022). Discourse Analysis – What Speakers Do in Conversation.Linguistic Sosiety of America https://www.linguisticsociety.org/resource/discourse-analysis-what-speakers-do-conversation
Tufte, T. (2017). Communication and Social Change: a Citizen Perspective. Polity, Cambridge/Malden
UNICEF. (2013). Improving Child Nutrition: The achievable imperative for global
UN Women. (2019). Hashtag Women’s Rights: 12 Social Media Movements You Should Follow. <https://un-women.medium.com/hashtag-womens-rights-12-social-media-movements-you-should-follow-6e31127a673b> diakses pada 31 Desember 2021, 14.05
van Doorn N, van Zoonen L, Wyatt S., (2007). Writing from Experience: Presentations of Gender Identity on Weblogs. Eur J Womens Stud 14(2):143–158.
Vitak, J., Zube, P., Smock, A., Carr, C. T., Ellison, N., & Lampe, C. (2011). It's Complicated: Facebook Users' Political Participation in the 2008 Election. Cyberpsychology, Behavior & Social Networking, 14(3), 107-114.
WHO. (2002). The World Health Report 2002: Reducing Risks, Promoting Healthy Life. Geneva: World Health Organization.
Women’s Media Center. (2021). The Status of Women in the U.S. Media 2021. <https://womensmediacenter.com/reports/the-status-of-women-in-the-u-s-media-2021-1> diakses pada 31 Desember 2021, 14.05
Yatsko, Viatcheslav (2013). Integrational-Discourse-Analysis-Conception. Yasko’s Computational Linguistic Laboratory < http://yatsko.zohosites.com/integrational-discourse-analysis-conception.html>
Yuval-Davis, N. (1994) Women, Ethnicity and Empowerment. Fem Psychol 4(1):179–197