Main Article Content
Abstract
This study explores the emotional experiences of pre-service teachers (PSTs) during their teaching practicum and examines how these emotions shape their emerging teacher identities. This narrative study explores the personal stories of five PSTs, each reflecting unique challenges and emotional responses. The data were gathered through in-depth interviews with each participant, analysed using narrative analysis, and presented as reconstructed stories. The findings reveal that PSTs frequently experience negative emotions such as frustration, anxiety, anger, and a sense of being unappreciated. These emotions arise from student behaviour and the challenges associated with classroom management. Positive emotions such as satisfaction and pride also emerge. However, the struggles with self-doubt and feelings of being undervalued were more prevalent. These narratives highlight the crucial role of understanding PSTs’ emotions as they navigate into the complexities of teaching practicum. The findings of the study underscore the need for emotional support, collaboration, and guidance to foster resilience and confidence among PSTs, ultimately shaping their sense of teacher identity in positive ways.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Rahmila Murtiana, Risdaneva

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References
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- Barkhuizen, G. P., Benson, P., & Chik, A. (2013). Narrative inquiry in language teaching and learning research. Routledge.
- Burić, I., & Frenzel, A. C. (2019). Teacher anger: New empirical insights using a multi-method approach. Teaching and Teacher Education, 86, 102895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2019.102895
- Block, D. (2015). Becoming a language teacher: Constraints and negotiation in the emergence of new identities. Bellaterra: Journal of Teaching and Learning Language and Literature, 8(3).
- Canrinus, E. T., Helms-Lorenz, M., Beijaard, D., Buitink, J., & Hofman, A. (2011). Profiling teachers’ sense of professional identity. Educational Studies, 37(5), 593–608. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2010.539857
- Chen, J. (2021). Refining the teacher emotion model: Evidence from a review of literature published between 1985 and 2019. Cambridge Journal of Education, 51(3), 327–357. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2020.1831440
- Chen, Z., Sun, Y., & Jia, Z. (2022). A Study of Student-Teachers’ Emotional Experiences and Their Development of Professional Identities. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 810146. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.810146
- Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. Jossey-Bass.
- Cowie, N. (2011). Emotions that experienced English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers feel about their students, their colleagues and their work. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27(1), 235–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2010.08.006
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- Frenzel. (2014). Teacher emotions. In Reinhard Pekrun & Lisa Linennbrink-Garcia (Eds.), International Handbook of Emotions in Education (pp. 494–519). Taylor & Francis.
- Fried, L., Mansfield, C., & Dobozy, E. (2015). Teacher emotion research: Introducing a conceptual model to guide future research. Issues in Educational Research, 25(4), 415–441.
- Gibbs, G. R. (2018). Analyzing Biographical, Narrative and Discursive Elements. In Analyzing Qualitative Data (pp. 75–100). Sage Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526441867.n5
- Hargreaves, A. (1998). The emotional practice of teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 14(8), 835–854. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-051X(98)00025-0
- Hargreaves, A. (2001). Changing Teachers, Changing Times: Teachers’ Work and Culture in the Postmodern Age. Bloomsbury.
- Hochschild, A. R. (1983). The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling. University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520951853
- Imamyartha, D., Cahyono, B. Y., & Khotimah, K. (2023). The portrait is Indonesian pre-service English teachers’ emotional geographies and coping strategies. TEFLIN Journal-A Publication on the Teaching and Learning of English, 34(1), 60. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v34i1/60-78
- Isnawati, U. M., & Rahayu, N. S. (2023). Once I enter the class, I just feel like in the middle of nowhere’’: A narration of ESP teacher’s emotional geographies. Journal on English as a Foreign Language, 13(2), 739–763. https://doi.org/10.23971/jefl.v13i2.7050
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- Lee, M., Pekrun, R., Taxer, J. L., Schutz, P. A., Vogl, E., & Xie, X. (2016). Teachers’ emotions and emotion management: Integrating emotion regulation theory with emotional labor research. Social Psychology of Education, 19(4), 843–863. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-016-9359-5
- Li, Q., Xie, Z., & Zeng, G. (2023). The Influence of Teaching Practicum on Foreign Language Teaching Anxiety Among Pre-Service EFL Teachers. Sage Open, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221149005
- Liu, M., & Wu, B. (2021). Teaching Anxiety and Foreign Language Anxiety Among Chinese College English Teachers. Sage Open, 11(2).
- https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211016556
- Limeranto, J. T., & Kuswandono, P. (2023). Coping with emotions in professional lives: Novice teachers’ voices in Indonesian secondary schools. LITERA, 22(1), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.21831/ltr.v22i1.52405
- Loh, J. (2016). From Fantasy to Depression: A Beginning Teacher’s encounter with Performativity. AsTEN Journal of Teacher Education, 1(1), 1–12.
- Mendez Lopez. (2020). Emotions Attributions of ELT Pre-service Teachers and Their Effects on Teaching Practice. Profile: Issues in Teachers ́ Professional Development, 22(1), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.15446/profile.v22n1.78613
- Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2016). Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation. Jossey-Bass.
- Mudra, H. (2018). Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Experiences in Teaching Practicum in Rural Schools in Indonesia. The Qualitative Report. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2018.3115
- Morris, S., & King, J. (2018). Teacher Frustration and Emotion Regulation in University Language Teaching. Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics, 41(4), 433–452. https://doi.org/10.1515/cjal-2018-0032
- Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods. Sage Publication.
- Polkinghorne, D. E. (1995). Narrative configuration in qualitative analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 8(1), 5–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/0951839950080103
- Riessman, C. K. (2008). Narrative Methods for The Human Sciences. Sage Publications Inc.
- Riessman, C. K. (2012). Analysis of personal narratives. In J. F. Gubrium (Ed.), The SAGE Handbook of Interview Research: The Complexity of the Craft (pp. 367–380). Sage Publications Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218403.n26
- Rizqi, M. A. (2017). Stress and resilience among EFL teachers: An interview study of an Indonesian junior high school teacher. TEFLIN Journal, 28(1), 22–37. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v28i1/22-37
- Saldana, J. (2016). The coding manual for qualitative researchers.Sage Publications Inc.
- Saric. (2015). Teachers’ emotions: A research review from a psychological perspective. Journal of Contemporary Educational Studies, 5, 10–25.
- Schutz, P. A., Cross, D. I., Hong, J. Y., & Osbon, J. N. (2007). Teacher identities, beliefs, and goals related to emotions in the classroom. In Emotion in Education (pp. 223–241). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012372545-5/50014-9
- Song, J. (2021). Emotional labour and professional development in ELT. ELT Journal, 75(4), 482–491. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccab036
- Sutton, R. E. (2007). Teachers’ Anger, Frustration, and Self-Regulation. In Emotion in Education (pp. 259–274). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012372545-5/50016-2
- Sutton, R. E., & Wheatley, K. F. (2003). Teachers’ Emotions and Teaching: A Review of the Literature and Directions for Future Research. Educational Psychology Review.
- Teng, M. F. (2017). Emotional development and construction of teacher identity: Narrative interactions about the pre-service teachers’ practicum experiences. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 42(11), 117–134. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2017v42n11.8
- Trent, J. (2013). From learner to teacher: Practice, language, and identity in a teaching practicum. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 41(4), 426–440. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359866X.2013.838621
- Zembylas, M., Charalambous, C., Charalambous, P., & Kendeou, P. (2011). Promoting peaceful coexistence in conflict-ridden Cyprus: Teachers’ difficulties and emotions towards a new policy initiative. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27(2), 332–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2010.08.015
References
Bandura, A. (1997). Self-efficacy: The exercise of control. W.H. Freeman.
Barkhuizen, G. P., Benson, P., & Chik, A. (2013). Narrative inquiry in language teaching and learning research. Routledge.
Burić, I., & Frenzel, A. C. (2019). Teacher anger: New empirical insights using a multi-method approach. Teaching and Teacher Education, 86, 102895. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2019.102895
Block, D. (2015). Becoming a language teacher: Constraints and negotiation in the emergence of new identities. Bellaterra: Journal of Teaching and Learning Language and Literature, 8(3).
Canrinus, E. T., Helms-Lorenz, M., Beijaard, D., Buitink, J., & Hofman, A. (2011). Profiling teachers’ sense of professional identity. Educational Studies, 37(5), 593–608. https://doi.org/10.1080/03055698.2010.539857
Chen, J. (2021). Refining the teacher emotion model: Evidence from a review of literature published between 1985 and 2019. Cambridge Journal of Education, 51(3), 327–357. https://doi.org/10.1080/0305764X.2020.1831440
Chen, Z., Sun, Y., & Jia, Z. (2022). A Study of Student-Teachers’ Emotional Experiences and Their Development of Professional Identities. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 810146. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.810146
Clandinin, D. J., & Connelly, F. M. (2000). Narrative inquiry: Experience and story in qualitative research. Jossey-Bass.
Cowie, N. (2011). Emotions that experienced English as a Foreign Language (EFL) teachers feel about their students, their colleagues and their work. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27(1), 235–242. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2010.08.006
Deng, J., Heydarnejad, T., Farhangi, F., & Farid Khafaga, A. (2022). Delving into the relationship between teacher emotion regulation, self-efficacy, engagement, and anger: A focus on English as a foreign language teachers. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 1019984. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.1019984
Esmaeili, F. (2019). EFL Teachers’ Emotions, their Identity Development and Teaching Strategies: A Constant-Comparative Approach. Translation Studies, 07(04).
Frenzel. (2014). Teacher emotions. In Reinhard Pekrun & Lisa Linennbrink-Garcia (Eds.), International Handbook of Emotions in Education (pp. 494–519). Taylor & Francis.
Fried, L., Mansfield, C., & Dobozy, E. (2015). Teacher emotion research: Introducing a conceptual model to guide future research. Issues in Educational Research, 25(4), 415–441.
Gibbs, G. R. (2018). Analyzing Biographical, Narrative and Discursive Elements. In Analyzing Qualitative Data (pp. 75–100). Sage Publications Ltd. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781526441867.n5
Hargreaves, A. (1998). The emotional practice of teaching. Teaching and Teacher Education, 14(8), 835–854. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0742-051X(98)00025-0
Hargreaves, A. (2001). Changing Teachers, Changing Times: Teachers’ Work and Culture in the Postmodern Age. Bloomsbury.
Hochschild, A. R. (1983). The Managed Heart: Commercialization of Human Feeling. University of California Press. https://doi.org/10.1525/9780520951853
Imamyartha, D., Cahyono, B. Y., & Khotimah, K. (2023). The portrait is Indonesian pre-service English teachers’ emotional geographies and coping strategies. TEFLIN Journal-A Publication on the Teaching and Learning of English, 34(1), 60. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v34i1/60-78
Isnawati, U. M., & Rahayu, N. S. (2023). Once I enter the class, I just feel like in the middle of nowhere’’: A narration of ESP teacher’s emotional geographies. Journal on English as a Foreign Language, 13(2), 739–763. https://doi.org/10.23971/jefl.v13i2.7050
Jalilzadeh, K., Attaran, A., & Coombe, C. (2024). Unveiling emotional experiences: A phenomenological study of emotional labor in expatriate EFL teachers. Asian-Pacific Journal of Second and Foreign Language Education, 9(1), 40. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40862-024-00259-z
Ji, Y., Oubibi, M., Chen, S., Yin, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2022). Pre-service teachers’ emotional experience: Characteristics, dynamics and sources amid the teaching practicum. Frontiers in Psychology, 13, 968513. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2022.968513
Jovchelovitch, S., & Bauer, M. W. (2000). Narrative Interviewing. In M. W. Bauer & G. Gaskell (Eds.), Qualitative researching with text, image and sound (Vol. 28, Issue 1, pp. 79–99). LSE Research Online. https://doi.org/10.1300/j021v28n01_06
Kocabaş-Gedik, P., & Ortaçtepe Hart, D. (2021). “It’s Not Like That at All”: A Poststructuralist Case Study on Language Teacher Identity and Emotional Labor. Journal of Language, Identity & Education, 20(2), 103–117. https://doi.org/10.1080/15348458.2020.1726756
Lee, M., Pekrun, R., Taxer, J. L., Schutz, P. A., Vogl, E., & Xie, X. (2016). Teachers’ emotions and emotion management: Integrating emotion regulation theory with emotional labor research. Social Psychology of Education, 19(4), 843–863. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11218-016-9359-5
Li, Q., Xie, Z., & Zeng, G. (2023). The Influence of Teaching Practicum on Foreign Language Teaching Anxiety Among Pre-Service EFL Teachers. Sage Open, 13(1). https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440221149005
Liu, M., & Wu, B. (2021). Teaching Anxiety and Foreign Language Anxiety Among Chinese College English Teachers. Sage Open, 11(2).
https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440211016556
Limeranto, J. T., & Kuswandono, P. (2023). Coping with emotions in professional lives: Novice teachers’ voices in Indonesian secondary schools. LITERA, 22(1), 66–75. https://doi.org/10.21831/ltr.v22i1.52405
Loh, J. (2016). From Fantasy to Depression: A Beginning Teacher’s encounter with Performativity. AsTEN Journal of Teacher Education, 1(1), 1–12.
Mendez Lopez. (2020). Emotions Attributions of ELT Pre-service Teachers and Their Effects on Teaching Practice. Profile: Issues in Teachers ́ Professional Development, 22(1), 15–28. https://doi.org/10.15446/profile.v22n1.78613
Merriam, S. B., & Tisdell, E. J. (2016). Qualitative Research: A Guide to Design and Implementation. Jossey-Bass.
Mudra, H. (2018). Pre-Service EFL Teachers’ Experiences in Teaching Practicum in Rural Schools in Indonesia. The Qualitative Report. https://doi.org/10.46743/2160-3715/2018.3115
Morris, S., & King, J. (2018). Teacher Frustration and Emotion Regulation in University Language Teaching. Chinese Journal of Applied Linguistics, 41(4), 433–452. https://doi.org/10.1515/cjal-2018-0032
Patton, M. Q. (2002). Qualitative Research and Evaluation Methods. Sage Publication.
Polkinghorne, D. E. (1995). Narrative configuration in qualitative analysis. International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 8(1), 5–23. https://doi.org/10.1080/0951839950080103
Riessman, C. K. (2008). Narrative Methods for The Human Sciences. Sage Publications Inc.
Riessman, C. K. (2012). Analysis of personal narratives. In J. F. Gubrium (Ed.), The SAGE Handbook of Interview Research: The Complexity of the Craft (pp. 367–380). Sage Publications Inc. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452218403.n26
Rizqi, M. A. (2017). Stress and resilience among EFL teachers: An interview study of an Indonesian junior high school teacher. TEFLIN Journal, 28(1), 22–37. https://doi.org/10.15639/teflinjournal.v28i1/22-37
Saldana, J. (2016). The coding manual for qualitative researchers.Sage Publications Inc.
Saric. (2015). Teachers’ emotions: A research review from a psychological perspective. Journal of Contemporary Educational Studies, 5, 10–25.
Schutz, P. A., Cross, D. I., Hong, J. Y., & Osbon, J. N. (2007). Teacher identities, beliefs, and goals related to emotions in the classroom. In Emotion in Education (pp. 223–241). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012372545-5/50014-9
Song, J. (2021). Emotional labour and professional development in ELT. ELT Journal, 75(4), 482–491. https://doi.org/10.1093/elt/ccab036
Sutton, R. E. (2007). Teachers’ Anger, Frustration, and Self-Regulation. In Emotion in Education (pp. 259–274). Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012372545-5/50016-2
Sutton, R. E., & Wheatley, K. F. (2003). Teachers’ Emotions and Teaching: A Review of the Literature and Directions for Future Research. Educational Psychology Review.
Teng, M. F. (2017). Emotional development and construction of teacher identity: Narrative interactions about the pre-service teachers’ practicum experiences. Australian Journal of Teacher Education, 42(11), 117–134. https://doi.org/10.14221/ajte.2017v42n11.8
Trent, J. (2013). From learner to teacher: Practice, language, and identity in a teaching practicum. Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education, 41(4), 426–440. https://doi.org/10.1080/1359866X.2013.838621
Zembylas, M., Charalambous, C., Charalambous, P., & Kendeou, P. (2011). Promoting peaceful coexistence in conflict-ridden Cyprus: Teachers’ difficulties and emotions towards a new policy initiative. Teaching and Teacher Education, 27(2), 332–341. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tate.2010.08.015
