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Abstract
This paper focuses on the discourse of local religious traditions and its implication for the shifting religious authority among young Muslims in Banten and Yogyakarta dealing with their activity in social media (clicktivism). The existence of freedom of opinion and expression since the fall of the New Order and the widespread use of new media has had a significant influence on youth’s Muslimness, including the local Islamic tradition issues. In collecting data, this study utilized visual ethnography, observation, interview, and focus group discussion. While analyzing the collected data, we use Talal Asad’s Discursive Tradition. The research finds that the dissemination of information through social media was able to have a significant influence on the change in religious practices, especially in dealing with local religious (Islamic) traditions. This change is inseparable from the dynamic process of the discursive tradition of young Muslims on social media. Another implication of the process is a shift in religious authority from personal to impersonal.
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Copyright (c) 2022 Ade Fakih Kurniawan, Arif Rahman, Mukhsin Achmad, Fahmi Rizki Fahroji
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References
Abenante, P., & Cantini, D. (2014). Introduction. Life-worlds and religious commitment: Ethnographic perspectives on subjectivity and Islam. La Ricerca Folklorica, 69, 3–19. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43897023
Addini, A. (2019). Fenomena gerakan hijrah di kalangan pemuda muslim sebagai mode sosial [The phenomenon of the hijrah movement among Muslim youth as a social mode]. Journal of Islamic Civilization, 1(2), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.33086/jic.v1i2.1313
Priyono, A. E. & Hamid, U. (Eds.). (2014). Perubahan sosial dan transformasi demokrasi di Indonesia [Social change and democratic transformation in Indonesia]. Jurusan Sosiologi UGM-ISI-APSSI.
Anderson, J. (2000). New Media in the Muslim world: The emerging public sphere. ISIM Newsletter, 5, 39. https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/access/item%3A2728633/download
Anjum, O. (2007). Islam as a discursive tradition: Talal Asad and his interlocutors. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and Middle East, 27(3), 657–672. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/224569
Asad, T. (1986). The idea of an anthropology of Islam. Center for Contemporary Arab Studies, Georgetown University. https://doi.org/10.24848/islmlg.07.1.02
Asad, T. (1996). Modern power and the reconfiguration of religious traditions: An interview with Saba Mahmood. Stanford Electronic Humanities Review, 5(1: Contested Polities). http://web.stanford.edu/group/SHR/5-1/text/asad.html
Azca, M. N., Widhyharto, D. S., & Oki, R. S. (2012). Buku panduan studi kepemudaan: Teori metodologi, dan isu-isu kontemporer [Youth study guidebook: Methodological theory, and contemporary issues]. PMPSYouSure- Kemenpora RI.
Azra, A. (2004). Political Islam in Post-Soeharto Indonesia. In V. Hooker & A. Saikal (Eds.), Islamic perspectives on the new millenium (pp. 133–149). ISEAS.
Bayat, A. (2013). Post-Islamism: The changing faces of political Islam. Oxford University Press.
Blank, T. J. (2013). Hybridizing folk culture: Toward a theory of new media and vernacular discourse. Western Folklore, 72(2), 105–130. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24551663
Cheater, A. (2003). The anthropology of power. Routledge.
Gusindra. (2015). Jumlah pengguna website, mobile dan media sosial di Indonesia [Number of website, mobile and social media users in Indonesia]. Jarvis-Store.Com. https://jarvis-store.com/artikel/jumlah-pengguna-website-mobile-dan-media-sosial-di-indonesia-maret-2015
Hasan, N. (2013). The making of public Islam piety, Democracy and youth in Indonesian politics. SUKA Press.
Heryanto, A. (2015). Identitas dan kenikmatan: Politik budaya layar Indonesia [Identity and enjoyment: The politics of Indonesian screen culture]. Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia.
Johnston, H. (2014). What is a social movement? John Wiley & Sons.
Khamis, S. (2021). Modern Muslims’ online struggle: Countering Islamophobia one tweet at a time. Insight Turkey, 23(2), 51–64. https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021232.4
Konieczny, P. (2014). Signs of a generational change in social movements—Activists’ use of modern information and communication technologies. Polish Sociological Review, 187, 261–290. https://polish-sociological-review.eu/Signs-of-a-Generational-Change-in-Social-Movements-Activists-Use-of-Modern-Information,119957,0,2.html
Lee, D. W. (2017). Resistance dynamics and social movement theory: Conditions, mechanisms, and effects. Prism: The Journal of Complex Operations, 6(3), 131–149. https://cco.ndu.edu/News/Article/1020230/resistance-dynamics-and-social-movement-theory/
Leenders, R. (2013). Social movement theory and the onset of the popular uprising in Syria. Arab Studies Quarterly, 35(3), 273–289. https://doi.org/10.13169/arabstudquar.35.3.0273
McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extension of man. McGraw-Hill.
McQuail, D. (2010). Mass communication theory. SAGE Publication Asia-Pacific Pte Ltd.
Nilan, P., & Feixa, C. (Eds.) (2006). Global youth? Hybrid identities, plural worlds. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203030523
Parekh, D., Amarasingam, A., Dawson, L., & Ruths, D. (2018). Studying jihadists on social media : A critique of data collection methodologies. Perspectives on Terrorism, 12(3), 5–23. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328107362_Studying_jihadists_on_social_media_A_critique_of_data_collection_methodologies
Parker, L., & Nilan, P. (2013). Adolescents in contemporary Indonesia. Routledege. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203522073
Reynolds, R., & Mayweather, D. (2017). Recounting racism, resistance, and repression: Examining the experiences and #hashtag activism of college students with critical race theory and counternarratives. The Journal of Negro Education, 86(3), 283–304. https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.86.3.0283
Sefton-Green, J. (2006). Youth, technology, and media cultures. Review of Research in Education, 30(1), 279–306. https://doi.org/10.3102/0091732X030001279
Smidi, A., & Shahin, S. (2017). Social media and social mobilisation in the Middle East: A survey of research on the Arab Spring. India Quarterly, 73(2), 196–209. https://doi.org/10.1177/0974928417700798
Syam, N. (2005). Islam pesisir [Coastal Islam]. LKiS.
Triantoro, D. A. (2018). Dakwah dan kesalehan: Studi tentang Gerakan Teras Dakwah di kalangan remaja Yogyakarta [Da'wah and piety: A Study of the Da'wah Terrace Movement among adolescents in Yogyakarta]. Jurnal Masyarakat Dan Budaya, 20(2), 273–286. https://doi.org/10.14203/jmb.v20i2.624
White, M. (2016). The end of protest: A new playbook for revolution. Knopf Canada.
Widyharto, D. S. (2014). Kebangkitan kaum muda dan media baru [The rise of youth and new media]. Jurnal Studi Pemuda, 3(2), 141-146. https://doi.org/10.22146/studipemudaugm.32030
Wiktorowicz, Q. (Ed.). (2004). Islamic activism: A social movement theory approach. Indiana Unversity Press.
References
Abenante, P., & Cantini, D. (2014). Introduction. Life-worlds and religious commitment: Ethnographic perspectives on subjectivity and Islam. La Ricerca Folklorica, 69, 3–19. https://www.jstor.org/stable/43897023
Addini, A. (2019). Fenomena gerakan hijrah di kalangan pemuda muslim sebagai mode sosial [The phenomenon of the hijrah movement among Muslim youth as a social mode]. Journal of Islamic Civilization, 1(2), 109–118. https://doi.org/10.33086/jic.v1i2.1313
Priyono, A. E. & Hamid, U. (Eds.). (2014). Perubahan sosial dan transformasi demokrasi di Indonesia [Social change and democratic transformation in Indonesia]. Jurusan Sosiologi UGM-ISI-APSSI.
Anderson, J. (2000). New Media in the Muslim world: The emerging public sphere. ISIM Newsletter, 5, 39. https://scholarlypublications.universiteitleiden.nl/access/item%3A2728633/download
Anjum, O. (2007). Islam as a discursive tradition: Talal Asad and his interlocutors. Comparative Studies of South Asia, Africa, and Middle East, 27(3), 657–672. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/224569
Asad, T. (1986). The idea of an anthropology of Islam. Center for Contemporary Arab Studies, Georgetown University. https://doi.org/10.24848/islmlg.07.1.02
Asad, T. (1996). Modern power and the reconfiguration of religious traditions: An interview with Saba Mahmood. Stanford Electronic Humanities Review, 5(1: Contested Polities). http://web.stanford.edu/group/SHR/5-1/text/asad.html
Azca, M. N., Widhyharto, D. S., & Oki, R. S. (2012). Buku panduan studi kepemudaan: Teori metodologi, dan isu-isu kontemporer [Youth study guidebook: Methodological theory, and contemporary issues]. PMPSYouSure- Kemenpora RI.
Azra, A. (2004). Political Islam in Post-Soeharto Indonesia. In V. Hooker & A. Saikal (Eds.), Islamic perspectives on the new millenium (pp. 133–149). ISEAS.
Bayat, A. (2013). Post-Islamism: The changing faces of political Islam. Oxford University Press.
Blank, T. J. (2013). Hybridizing folk culture: Toward a theory of new media and vernacular discourse. Western Folklore, 72(2), 105–130. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24551663
Cheater, A. (2003). The anthropology of power. Routledge.
Gusindra. (2015). Jumlah pengguna website, mobile dan media sosial di Indonesia [Number of website, mobile and social media users in Indonesia]. Jarvis-Store.Com. https://jarvis-store.com/artikel/jumlah-pengguna-website-mobile-dan-media-sosial-di-indonesia-maret-2015
Hasan, N. (2013). The making of public Islam piety, Democracy and youth in Indonesian politics. SUKA Press.
Heryanto, A. (2015). Identitas dan kenikmatan: Politik budaya layar Indonesia [Identity and enjoyment: The politics of Indonesian screen culture]. Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia.
Johnston, H. (2014). What is a social movement? John Wiley & Sons.
Khamis, S. (2021). Modern Muslims’ online struggle: Countering Islamophobia one tweet at a time. Insight Turkey, 23(2), 51–64. https://doi.org/10.25253/99.2021232.4
Konieczny, P. (2014). Signs of a generational change in social movements—Activists’ use of modern information and communication technologies. Polish Sociological Review, 187, 261–290. https://polish-sociological-review.eu/Signs-of-a-Generational-Change-in-Social-Movements-Activists-Use-of-Modern-Information,119957,0,2.html
Lee, D. W. (2017). Resistance dynamics and social movement theory: Conditions, mechanisms, and effects. Prism: The Journal of Complex Operations, 6(3), 131–149. https://cco.ndu.edu/News/Article/1020230/resistance-dynamics-and-social-movement-theory/
Leenders, R. (2013). Social movement theory and the onset of the popular uprising in Syria. Arab Studies Quarterly, 35(3), 273–289. https://doi.org/10.13169/arabstudquar.35.3.0273
McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extension of man. McGraw-Hill.
McQuail, D. (2010). Mass communication theory. SAGE Publication Asia-Pacific Pte Ltd.
Nilan, P., & Feixa, C. (Eds.) (2006). Global youth? Hybrid identities, plural worlds. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203030523
Parekh, D., Amarasingam, A., Dawson, L., & Ruths, D. (2018). Studying jihadists on social media : A critique of data collection methodologies. Perspectives on Terrorism, 12(3), 5–23. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328107362_Studying_jihadists_on_social_media_A_critique_of_data_collection_methodologies
Parker, L., & Nilan, P. (2013). Adolescents in contemporary Indonesia. Routledege. https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203522073
Reynolds, R., & Mayweather, D. (2017). Recounting racism, resistance, and repression: Examining the experiences and #hashtag activism of college students with critical race theory and counternarratives. The Journal of Negro Education, 86(3), 283–304. https://doi.org/10.7709/jnegroeducation.86.3.0283
Sefton-Green, J. (2006). Youth, technology, and media cultures. Review of Research in Education, 30(1), 279–306. https://doi.org/10.3102/0091732X030001279
Smidi, A., & Shahin, S. (2017). Social media and social mobilisation in the Middle East: A survey of research on the Arab Spring. India Quarterly, 73(2), 196–209. https://doi.org/10.1177/0974928417700798
Syam, N. (2005). Islam pesisir [Coastal Islam]. LKiS.
Triantoro, D. A. (2018). Dakwah dan kesalehan: Studi tentang Gerakan Teras Dakwah di kalangan remaja Yogyakarta [Da'wah and piety: A Study of the Da'wah Terrace Movement among adolescents in Yogyakarta]. Jurnal Masyarakat Dan Budaya, 20(2), 273–286. https://doi.org/10.14203/jmb.v20i2.624
White, M. (2016). The end of protest: A new playbook for revolution. Knopf Canada.
Widyharto, D. S. (2014). Kebangkitan kaum muda dan media baru [The rise of youth and new media]. Jurnal Studi Pemuda, 3(2), 141-146. https://doi.org/10.22146/studipemudaugm.32030
Wiktorowicz, Q. (Ed.). (2004). Islamic activism: A social movement theory approach. Indiana Unversity Press.
