Pengaruh Guanxi Dan Sistem Teknologi Informasi Terhadap Performa Produk Baru Melalui Kapabilitas Inovasi Sebagai Variabel Moderasi Pada Umkm Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

Zikri Aufarrahman; Anjar Priyono

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4 December 2022

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6 December 2022

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6 December 2022

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Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh guanxi dan sistem teknologi informasi terhadap performa produk baru dengan kapabilitas inovasi sebagai variabel intervening pada UMKM di Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini terdapat lima variabel yaitu guanxi, sistem TI, kapabilitas inovasi, performa produk baru, dan tingkat proaktif . Dalam penelitian ini mengambil jumlah 61 responden yang dikumpulkan dalam kuesioner dari UMKM yang bergerak dibidang manufaktur, retail, F&B, dan jasa yang ada di DIY. Teknik pengambilan sampel pada penelitian ini menggunakan teknik non-probability sampling dengan metode convenience sampling. Metode analisis data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan analisi PLS-SEM. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah (1) Guanxi berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kapabilitas inovasi (2) guanxi tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap performa produk baru (3) sistem TI tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kapabilitas inovasi (4) kapabilitas inovasi berpengaruh signifikan terhadap performa produk baru.

Keywords

guanxi sistem TI kapabilitas inovasi performa produk baru

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Aufarrahman, Z., & Priyono, A. (2022). Pengaruh Guanxi dan Sistem Teknologi Informasi terhadap Performa Produk Baru melalui Kapabilitas Inovasi sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada UMKM Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Selekta Manajemen: Jurnal Mahasiswa Bisnis & Manajemen, 1(5), 235–250. Retrieved from https://journal.uii.ac.id/selma/article/view/26522

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References

Adler, P. S., & Shenhar, A. (1990). Adapting Your Technological Base The Organizational Challenge. Sloan Management Review, 32(1), pp. 25-37.
Bharadwaj, A. S. (2000). A Resource-Based Perspective on Information Technology Capability and Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation. MIS Quarterly, 24(1), pp. 169–196.
Chen, X., & Wu, J. (2011). Do different guanxi types affect capability building differently? A contingency view. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(4), pp. 581–592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2010.12.014
Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business Research Methods (Twelfth). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (Fourth Edi). Newbury Park: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Cui, N., Wen, N., Xu, L., & Qin, Y. (2013). Contingent effects of managerial guanxi on new product development success. Journal of Business Research, 66(12), pp. 2522–2528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.05.044
Dai, L., Maksimov, V., Gilbert, B. A., & Fernhaber, S. A. (2014). Entrepreneurial orientation and international scope: The differential roles of innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(4), pp. 511–524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.07.004
Durmuşoǧlu, S. S., & Barczak, G. (2011). The use of information technology tools in new product development phases: Analysis of effects on new product innovativeness, quality, and market performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(2), pp. 321–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2010.08.009
Ellis, S. C., Henke, J. W., & Kull, T. J. (2012). The effect of buyer behaviors on preferred customer status and access to supplier technological innovation: An empirical study of supplier perceptions. Industrial Marketing Management, 41(8), pp. 1259–1269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.10.010
Ettlie, J. E., & Pavlou, P. A. (2006). Technology-based new product development partnerships. Decision Sciences, 37(2), pp. 117–147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2006.00119.x
Ghozali, I. (2014). Structural Equation Modeling Metode Alternatif dengan Partial Least Square (PLS) Edisi 4. Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang.
G.T., L., & Dess, G. G. (2001). Linking Two Dimensions Of Entrepreneurial Orientation To Firm Performance: The Moderating Role Of Environment And Industry Life Cycle. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(3), pp. 429–451.
Gu, F. F., Hung, K., & Tse, D. K. (2008). When Does Guanxi Matter? Issues of Capitalization and Its Dark Sides. Journal of Marketing, 72(4), 12–28. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.72.4.12
Ho, M., Woods, C., & Shepherd, D. (2013). Relationships in family business: The paradox of family organizations. In Relationships in Organizations: A Work Psychology Perspective. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137280640
Joshi, K. D., Chi, L., Datta, A., & Han, S. (2010). Changing the competitive landscape: Continuous innovation through IT-enabled knowledge capabilities. Information Systems Research, 21(3), pp. 472–495. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1100.0298
Joshi, M. P., Das, S. R., & Mouri, N. (2015). Antecedents of innovativeness in technology-based services (TBS): Peering into the black box of entrepreneurial orientation. Decision Sciences, 46(2), pp. 367–402. https://doi.org/10.1111/deci.12126
Kawakami, T., Barczak, G., & Durmuşoʇlu, S. S. (2015). Information technology tools in new product development: The impact of complementary resources. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32(4), pp. 622–635. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12244
Kim, L. (1997). Imitation to innovation: The dynamics of Korea’s technological learning. Boston: Harvard Business Press.
Kirchner, S. (2016). Linking institutions and firm-level outcomes: the roles of diverse innovative capability profiles in Germany’s economy. Innovation, 29(4), pp. 460–478. https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2016.1154782
Letonja, M., Jeraj, M., & Marič, M. (2016). An Empirical Study of the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Competences and Innovativeness of Successors in Family SMEs. Organizacija, 49(4), pp. 225–239. https://doi.org/10.1515/orga-2016-0020
Lovett, S., Lee C, S., & Kali, R. (1999). Guanxi versus the Market : Ethics and Efficiency. Journal of International Business Studies, 30(2), pp. 231–247.
Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying The Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It To Performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), pp. 135–172.
Machikita, T., & Ueki, Y. (2015). Measuring and Explaining Innovative Capability: Evidence from Southeast Asia. Asian Economic Policy Review, 10(1), pp. 152–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/aepr.12093
Nambsian, S. (2003). Information systems as a reference discipline for new product development. MIS Quarterly, 27(1), 1–18. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/30036517
Ngo, L. V., & O’Cass, A. (2012). In search of innovation and customer-related performance superiority: The role of market orientation, marketing capability, and innovation capability interactions. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 29(5), pp. 861–877. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5885.2012.00939.x
Nonaka, I. (1994). A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation. Organization Science,. 15(1), pp. 14-37.
Paul, J., Parthasarathy, S., & Gupta, P. (2017). Exporting challenges of SMEs: A review and future research agenda. Journal of World Business, 52(3), pp. 327–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2017.01.003
Qi, Y., Huo, B., Wang, Z., & Yeung, H. Y. J. (2017). The impact of operations and supply chain strategies on integration and performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 185, pp. 162–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.12.028
Ramasamy, B., Goh, K. W., & Yeung, M. C. H. (2006). Is Guanxi (relationship) a bridge to knowledge transfer? Journal of Business Research, 59(1), pp. 130–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.04.001
Rehm, S. V., Goel, L., & Junglas, I. (2016). Information management for innovation networks - An empirical study on the “who, what and how” in networked innovation. International Journal of Information Management, 36(3), pp. 348–359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2015.11.004
Rogers, E. M., & Schoemaker, F. F. (1971). Communication of Innovations. New York: Free Press.
Schoenherr, T., & Swink, M. (2015). The Roles of Supply Chain Intelligence and Adaptability in New Product Launch Success Subject Areas: Knowledge-Based View, New Product Launch Success, Product Innovation Capability, Supply Chain Adaptability, and Supply Chain Intelligence. Decision Sciences, 46(5), pp. 901–936. https://doi.org/10.1111/deci.12163
Seung Ho, P., & Yadong, L. (2001). Guanxi and Organizational Dynamics: Organizational Networking in Chinese Firms. Strategic Management Journal, 22(5), pp. 455-477. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.167
Sheng, S., Zhou, K. Z., & Li, J. J. (2010). The Effects of Business and Political Ties on Firm Performance: Evidence from China. Journal of Marketing, 75(1), pp. 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.75.1.1
Song, M., Van Der Bij, H., & Weggeman, M. (2006). Factors for improving the level of knowledge generation in new product development. R and D Management, 36(2), pp. 173–187. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2006.00424.x
Subramaniam, M., & Youndt, M. A. (2005). The influence of intellectual capital on the types of innovative capabilities. Academy of Management Journal, 48(3), pp. 450–463. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00401535
Tang, Z., Kreiser, P. M., Marino, L., & Weaver, K. M. (2010). Process of Perceiving Industrial Munificence : A Field Study of SMEs in Four Countries. Journal of Small Business Management, 48(2), pp. 97–115. https://doi.org/10.1111/deci.12163
Tsang, E. W. K. (1998). Can guanxi be a source of sustained competitive advantage for doing business in China? Academy of Management Executive, 12(2), pp. 64–73.
Venkatraman, N. (1989). Strategic Orientation of Business Enterprises: The Construct, Dimensionality, and Measurement. Management Science, 35, pp. 942–962.
Verhees, F. J. H. M., & Meulenberg, M. T. G. (2004). Market Orientation, Innovativeness, Product Innovation, and Performance in Small Firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 42(2), pp. 134–154.
Wang, G., Wang, X., & Zheng, Y. (2014). Investing in guanxi: An analysis of interpersonal relation-specific investment (RSI) in China. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(4), pp. 659–670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.11.008
Wiegel, W., & Bamford, D. (2014). The role of guanxi in buyer-supplier relationships in Chinese small- and medium-sized enterprises - A resource-based perspective. Production Planning and Control, 26(4), pp. 308–327. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2014.899405
Worthy, F. S. (1989). Doing Business in China Now. In Fortune (Vol. 120). Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=18022273&site=ehost-live
Yeniaras, V., & Unver, S. (2016). Revisiting the Mediating Effect of Entrepreneurial Behaviour on Proactiveness – Performance Relationship: The Role of Business Ties and Competitive Intensity. European Management Review, 13(4), pp. 291–306. https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12084
Yli-Renko, H., Autio, E., & Sapienza, H. J. (2001). Social capital, knowledge acquisition, and knowledge exploitation in young technology-based firms. Strategic Management Journal, 22(6–7), pp. 587–613. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.183
Zahay, D., Griffin, A., & Fredericks, E. (2011). Information use in new product development: An initial exploratory empirical investigation in the chemical industry. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 28(4), pp. 485–502. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5885.2011.00821.
Zhang, Man, & Hartley, J. L. (2018). Guanxi, IT systems, and innovation capability: The moderating role of proactiveness. Journal of Business Research, 90(April), pp. 75–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.04.036
Zhou, L., Wu, W. P., & Luo, X. (2007). Internationalization and the performance of born-global SMEs: The mediating role of social networks. Journal of International Business Studies, 38(4), pp. 673–690. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400282

References

Adler, P. S., & Shenhar, A. (1990). Adapting Your Technological Base The Organizational Challenge. Sloan Management Review, 32(1), pp. 25-37.

Bharadwaj, A. S. (2000). A Resource-Based Perspective on Information Technology Capability and Firm Performance: An Empirical Investigation. MIS Quarterly, 24(1), pp. 169–196.

Chen, X., & Wu, J. (2011). Do different guanxi types affect capability building differently? A contingency view. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(4), pp. 581–592. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2010.12.014

Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business Research Methods (Twelfth). New York: McGraw-Hill Irwin.

Creswell, J. W. (2014). Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches (Fourth Edi). Newbury Park: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Cui, N., Wen, N., Xu, L., & Qin, Y. (2013). Contingent effects of managerial guanxi on new product development success. Journal of Business Research, 66(12), pp. 2522–2528. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2013.05.044

Dai, L., Maksimov, V., Gilbert, B. A., & Fernhaber, S. A. (2014). Entrepreneurial orientation and international scope: The differential roles of innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking. Journal of Business Venturing, 29(4), pp. 511–524. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusvent.2013.07.004

Durmuşoǧlu, S. S., & Barczak, G. (2011). The use of information technology tools in new product development phases: Analysis of effects on new product innovativeness, quality, and market performance. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(2), pp. 321–330. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2010.08.009

Ellis, S. C., Henke, J. W., & Kull, T. J. (2012). The effect of buyer behaviors on preferred customer status and access to supplier technological innovation: An empirical study of supplier perceptions. Industrial Marketing Management, 41(8), pp. 1259–1269. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2012.10.010

Ettlie, J. E., & Pavlou, P. A. (2006). Technology-based new product development partnerships. Decision Sciences, 37(2), pp. 117–147. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5915.2006.00119.x

Ghozali, I. (2014). Structural Equation Modeling Metode Alternatif dengan Partial Least Square (PLS) Edisi 4. Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang.

G.T., L., & Dess, G. G. (2001). Linking Two Dimensions Of Entrepreneurial Orientation To Firm Performance: The Moderating Role Of Environment And Industry Life Cycle. Journal of Business Venturing, 16(3), pp. 429–451.

Gu, F. F., Hung, K., & Tse, D. K. (2008). When Does Guanxi Matter? Issues of Capitalization and Its Dark Sides. Journal of Marketing, 72(4), 12–28. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.72.4.12

Ho, M., Woods, C., & Shepherd, D. (2013). Relationships in family business: The paradox of family organizations. In Relationships in Organizations: A Work Psychology Perspective. https://doi.org/10.1057/9781137280640

Joshi, K. D., Chi, L., Datta, A., & Han, S. (2010). Changing the competitive landscape: Continuous innovation through IT-enabled knowledge capabilities. Information Systems Research, 21(3), pp. 472–495. https://doi.org/10.1287/isre.1100.0298

Joshi, M. P., Das, S. R., & Mouri, N. (2015). Antecedents of innovativeness in technology-based services (TBS): Peering into the black box of entrepreneurial orientation. Decision Sciences, 46(2), pp. 367–402. https://doi.org/10.1111/deci.12126

Kawakami, T., Barczak, G., & Durmuşoʇlu, S. S. (2015). Information technology tools in new product development: The impact of complementary resources. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 32(4), pp. 622–635. https://doi.org/10.1111/jpim.12244

Kim, L. (1997). Imitation to innovation: The dynamics of Korea’s technological learning. Boston: Harvard Business Press.

Kirchner, S. (2016). Linking institutions and firm-level outcomes: the roles of diverse innovative capability profiles in Germany’s economy. Innovation, 29(4), pp. 460–478. https://doi.org/10.1080/13511610.2016.1154782

Letonja, M., Jeraj, M., & Marič, M. (2016). An Empirical Study of the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Competences and Innovativeness of Successors in Family SMEs. Organizacija, 49(4), pp. 225–239. https://doi.org/10.1515/orga-2016-0020

Lovett, S., Lee C, S., & Kali, R. (1999). Guanxi versus the Market : Ethics and Efficiency. Journal of International Business Studies, 30(2), pp. 231–247.

Lumpkin, G. T., & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying The Entrepreneurial Orientation Construct and Linking It To Performance. Academy of Management Review, 21(1), pp. 135–172.

Machikita, T., & Ueki, Y. (2015). Measuring and Explaining Innovative Capability: Evidence from Southeast Asia. Asian Economic Policy Review, 10(1), pp. 152–173. https://doi.org/10.1111/aepr.12093

Nambsian, S. (2003). Information systems as a reference discipline for new product development. MIS Quarterly, 27(1), 1–18. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/30036517

Ngo, L. V., & O’Cass, A. (2012). In search of innovation and customer-related performance superiority: The role of market orientation, marketing capability, and innovation capability interactions. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 29(5), pp. 861–877. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5885.2012.00939.x

Nonaka, I. (1994). A Dynamic Theory of Organizational Knowledge Creation. Organization Science,. 15(1), pp. 14-37.

Paul, J., Parthasarathy, S., & Gupta, P. (2017). Exporting challenges of SMEs: A review and future research agenda. Journal of World Business, 52(3), pp. 327–342. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jwb.2017.01.003

Qi, Y., Huo, B., Wang, Z., & Yeung, H. Y. J. (2017). The impact of operations and supply chain strategies on integration and performance. International Journal of Production Economics, 185, pp. 162–174. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijpe.2016.12.028

Ramasamy, B., Goh, K. W., & Yeung, M. C. H. (2006). Is Guanxi (relationship) a bridge to knowledge transfer? Journal of Business Research, 59(1), pp. 130–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2005.04.001

Rehm, S. V., Goel, L., & Junglas, I. (2016). Information management for innovation networks - An empirical study on the “who, what and how” in networked innovation. International Journal of Information Management, 36(3), pp. 348–359. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijinfomgt.2015.11.004

Rogers, E. M., & Schoemaker, F. F. (1971). Communication of Innovations. New York: Free Press.

Schoenherr, T., & Swink, M. (2015). The Roles of Supply Chain Intelligence and Adaptability in New Product Launch Success Subject Areas: Knowledge-Based View, New Product Launch Success, Product Innovation Capability, Supply Chain Adaptability, and Supply Chain Intelligence. Decision Sciences, 46(5), pp. 901–936. https://doi.org/10.1111/deci.12163

Seung Ho, P., & Yadong, L. (2001). Guanxi and Organizational Dynamics: Organizational Networking in Chinese Firms. Strategic Management Journal, 22(5), pp. 455-477. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.167

Sheng, S., Zhou, K. Z., & Li, J. J. (2010). The Effects of Business and Political Ties on Firm Performance: Evidence from China. Journal of Marketing, 75(1), pp. 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1509/jmkg.75.1.1

Song, M., Van Der Bij, H., & Weggeman, M. (2006). Factors for improving the level of knowledge generation in new product development. R and D Management, 36(2), pp. 173–187. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2006.00424.x

Subramaniam, M., & Youndt, M. A. (2005). The influence of intellectual capital on the types of innovative capabilities. Academy of Management Journal, 48(3), pp. 450–463. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00401535

Tang, Z., Kreiser, P. M., Marino, L., & Weaver, K. M. (2010). Process of Perceiving Industrial Munificence : A Field Study of SMEs in Four Countries. Journal of Small Business Management, 48(2), pp. 97–115. https://doi.org/10.1111/deci.12163

Tsang, E. W. K. (1998). Can guanxi be a source of sustained competitive advantage for doing business in China? Academy of Management Executive, 12(2), pp. 64–73.

Venkatraman, N. (1989). Strategic Orientation of Business Enterprises: The Construct, Dimensionality, and Measurement. Management Science, 35, pp. 942–962.

Verhees, F. J. H. M., & Meulenberg, M. T. G. (2004). Market Orientation, Innovativeness, Product Innovation, and Performance in Small Firms. Journal of Small Business Management, 42(2), pp. 134–154.

Wang, G., Wang, X., & Zheng, Y. (2014). Investing in guanxi: An analysis of interpersonal relation-specific investment (RSI) in China. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(4), pp. 659–670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.indmarman.2013.11.008

Wiegel, W., & Bamford, D. (2014). The role of guanxi in buyer-supplier relationships in Chinese small- and medium-sized enterprises - A resource-based perspective. Production Planning and Control, 26(4), pp. 308–327. https://doi.org/10.1080/09537287.2014.899405

Worthy, F. S. (1989). Doing Business in China Now. In Fortune (Vol. 120). Retrieved from http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=18022273&site=ehost-live

Yeniaras, V., & Unver, S. (2016). Revisiting the Mediating Effect of Entrepreneurial Behaviour on Proactiveness – Performance Relationship: The Role of Business Ties and Competitive Intensity. European Management Review, 13(4), pp. 291–306. https://doi.org/10.1111/emre.12084

Yli-Renko, H., Autio, E., & Sapienza, H. J. (2001). Social capital, knowledge acquisition, and knowledge exploitation in young technology-based firms. Strategic Management Journal, 22(6–7), pp. 587–613. https://doi.org/10.1002/smj.183

Zahay, D., Griffin, A., & Fredericks, E. (2011). Information use in new product development: An initial exploratory empirical investigation in the chemical industry. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 28(4), pp. 485–502. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-5885.2011.00821.

Zhang, Man, & Hartley, J. L. (2018). Guanxi, IT systems, and innovation capability: The moderating role of proactiveness. Journal of Business Research, 90(April), pp. 75–86. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2018.04.036

Zhou, L., Wu, W. P., & Luo, X. (2007). Internationalization and the performance of born-global SMEs: The mediating role of social networks. Journal of International Business Studies, 38(4), pp. 673–690. https://doi.org/10.1057/palgrave.jibs.8400282

Pengaruh Guanxi dan Sistem Teknologi Informasi terhadap Performa Produk Baru melalui Kapabilitas Inovasi sebagai Variabel Moderasi pada UMKM Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta

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